scholarly journals Effect of an Active Distraction Method for Pediatric Venipuncture Related Pain and Anxiety

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emel Isiyel ◽  
Melehat Yurttas ◽  
Ezgi Perktas ◽  
Elif Ozmert ◽  
Ozlem Teksam
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Independent Observer ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Informed Group ◽  
Children's Pain ◽  
Active Distraction

Abstract Needle-associated fear and pain in children can lead to poor health consequences and lower uptake rates of medical services. Information and distraction are significant methods in reducing pain and anxiety in children. We aimed to evaluate the effects of giving information and an active distraction method for pediatric venipuncture -related pain and anxiety in 3-8 years old children. Children were randomized into three groups as the control, the informed, the informed and distracted. Fear and pain experience were found to be significantly lower in the informed and distracted group rather than the control and the informed group according to the parents/caregivers. Fear and pain experience were similarly found to be significantly lower in the informed and distracted group than the other groups according to the independent observer. Informing, preparing, coping, distracting methods should be used before, during, and after the invasive procedures to reduce children's pain and anxiety.

scholarly journals Amino acid transport in normal and glutathione-deficient sheep erythrocytes

1976 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Young ◽  
J C Ellory ◽  
E M Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Transport ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Transport ◽  
Sheep Erythrocytes ◽  
Uptake Rates

1. Uptake rates for 23 amino acids were measured for both normal (high-GSH) and GSH-deficient (low-GSH) erythrocytes from Finnish Landrace sheep. 2. Compared with high-GSH cells, low-GSH cells had a markedly diminished permeability to D-alanine, L-alanine, α-amino-n-butyrate, valine, cysteine, serine, threonine, asparagine, lysine and ornithine. Smaller differences were observed for glycine and proline, whereas uptake of the other amino acids was not significantly different in the two cell types.

scholarly journals Improvement in staff compliance with a safety standard checklist in endoscopy in a tertiary centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e000294
Author(s):  
Matthew Charles Mason ◽  
Rebecca Katie Griggs ◽  
Rachel Withecombe ◽  
Eunice Yun Xing ◽  
Charlotte Sandberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Independent Observer ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Time Out ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Ensure Patient Safety ◽  
Local Safety

National Health Service England published the National Safety Standards for Invasive Procedures (NatSSIP) in 2015. They mandated that individual trusts produce Local Safety Standards for Invasive Procedures (LocSSIPs), a set of safety standards drawn from the NatSSIP that apply to a particular clinical situation in a given department, for all invasive procedures.The project goal was to design and implement the LocSSIP within the endoscopy department. A draft LocSSIP was produced, and a pilot study conducted to gain initial feedback on its use. Version 1 of the checklist was produced and after approval, rolled out for use within the endoscopy department at ‘time out’ and ‘sign out’. A scoring system was developed that allowed the quality of the performance of LocSSIPs to be assessed and recorded as a ‘compliance score’.After 2 months, an independent observer spent a week assessing use of the checklist, recording completion and a compliance score. Analysis of this data led to a number of changes in performing the checklist, wider multidisciplinary team education and integration of the checklist into existing documentation, before reassessing at 12 months.In 2016, ‘time out’ checks were completed in 100% of cases, but full completion was only observed in 68%. ‘Sign out’ checks were completed in 91% of cases, with full completion in 71%. In 2017, ‘time out’ checks were completed in 100% of cases, with full completion in 85%. ‘Sign out’ checks were completed in 100% of cases, with full completion in 91%.The composite score for compliance in 2016 was 57% increasing to 90% in 2017.In conclusion, stronger departmental leadership, broadening education and integration of the checklist into routine documentation to reduce duplication led to significant improvements in compliance with use of the checklist. Ongoing education and assessment is imperative to ensure that compliance is maintained to ensure patient safety.

The influence of children’s pain memories on subsequent pain experience

Pain ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (8) ◽  
pp. 1563-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Noel ◽  
Christine T. Chambers ◽  
Patrick J. McGrath ◽  
Raymond M. Klein ◽  
Sherry H. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Pain Experience ◽  
Children's Pain

Children’s Pain, Fear, and Anxiety During Invasive Procedures

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şenay Çelikol ◽  
Esra Tural Büyük ◽  
Osman Yıldızlar
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Children's Pain

scholarly journals Renal glycerol metabolism and the distribution of glycerol kinase in rabbit nephron

1981 ◽  
Vol 198 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Wirthensohn ◽  
A Vandewalle ◽  
W G Guder
Keyword(s):  
Glycerol Kinase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Glycerol Metabolism ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Collagenase Treatment ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Pars Recta ◽  
Convoluted Tubules

Glycerol and dihydroxyacetone are metabolized by rabbit kidney-cortex tubules, isolated by collagenase treatment. Half-maximal concentrations of both substrates were determined with regard to uptake rates and product formations. Maximal uptake rates were 643 and 329 mumol/h per g of protein for dihydroxyacetone and glycerol respectively. Glucose and lactate were found as major metabolic products. Glycerol kinase, the enzyme catalysing the first step in renal glycerol and dihydroxyacetone metabolism, was measured radiochemically as described by Newsholme, Robinson & Taylor [(1967) Biochim, Biophys. Acta 132, 338-346] and adapted for studies of the localization of this enzyme along the different structures of rabbit nephron. The results show that glycerol kinase is located exclusively in the proximal segments, i.e. the proximal convoluted tubules and the pars recta, but is negligible in the other structures studied. The activities were close to the maximal dihydroxyacetone uptake rates measured in tubule suspensions.

Using magnetic resonance phase-contrast velocity mapping for diagnosing pelvic congestion syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Q Meneses ◽  
S Uribe ◽  
C Tejos ◽  
M E Andía ◽  
M Fava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Velocity Mapping ◽  
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome ◽  
Gonadal Vein ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion ◽  
Pelvic Congestion

Objective To evaluate phase-contrast velocity mapping (PCVM) as a diagnostic tool for pelvic congestion syndrome and comparing this approach with direct venography. Method We prospectively include nine women with clinical suspicion of pelvic congestion syndrome during a six-month period. All patients underwent a magnetic resonance phase-contrast scan before a direct venography. We considered a case of pelvic congestion syndrome when the PCVM showed a retrograde or slow (less than 5 cm/second) flow in any gonadal vein. This criterion was compared with the standard diagnostic criterion observed from a direct venography. Results Using direct venography we found 14 abnormal veins and all of them were correctly identified by the PCVM. The other four veins were found to be normal by the direct venography. However, two of them (the same patient) were abnormal in the PCVM, even though this patient had the classical symptoms of pelvic congestion syndrome. Conclusion PCVM is a useful tool for diagnosing pelvic contrast syndrome and can avoid invasive procedures such as direct venography.

scholarly journals Towards the Other Side of Complexity: Values and Decisions in a Time of Uncertainty

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Marcelo Knobel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
The Other ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Great Uncertainty ◽  
Short Time ◽  
First Time

AbstractHumanity is experiencing a moment of great uncertainty. This is not the first time a pandemic threatens the lives of millions of people. However, the speed with which governments and scientists are reacting to events is unprecedented. In an incredibly short time after the discovery of the virus, public health measures were implemented, and the development of defences in the form of public policies, medical therapies, and vaccines began. At this precarious moment, when the proliferation of information (and misinformation) from a variety of sources contribute to the spread of panic, universities and the scientific community emerge as the best and most reliable sources of information. It is only highly qualified specialists who can truly address the pandemic and its terrible economic, political, and public health consequences.

Female vulnerability to pain and the strength to deal with it

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Berkley
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Individual Person ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Sex is one of biology's, that is, life's most potent experimental variables. So, are there sex differences in pain? And are these sex differences applicable clinically? The answer to both questions is decidedly yes, of course. But we still have a long way to go. We have much to learn from the study of females, making use of the lifelong changes in their reproductive conditions as experimental variables. We also have much to learn from animals, especially if we apply what we know about their social lives. However, the challenge in all of these studies is not first to look for some mythical neurological entity called pain experience and then to learn how sex modulates it, but rather to seek to understand the rules by which sex influences all of biology's mutually modulatory factors – social, psychological, physiological, cellular, molecular, and genetic – that collectively create the motivating circumstances we designate as pain. It appears almost beyond doubt that on the one hand these factors interact to make women more vulnerable to these circumstances than men, but on the other hand that women have more varied mechanisms for balance. Happily, the details of these sex differences at all levels biological (social to genetic) are now emerging in a rapidly growing body of literature that promises new insights into and applications for the individual person, male or female, in persistent pain.

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