scholarly journals Analysis of Vaginal and Endometrial Microbiota Communities in Infertile Women With a History of Repeated Implantation Failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuhiko Ichiyama ◽  
Keiji Kuroda ◽  
Yoko Nagai ◽  
Daichi Urushiyama ◽  
Motoharu Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Implantation Failure ◽  
Repeated Implantation Failure ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

Abstract Background: Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is estimated to occur in 15%–20% of infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Molecular identification recently confirmed that the uterine microbiota may have implications for reproductive and obstetrical outcomes. One hundred forty-five women who had been diagnosed with RIF were enrolled in the study. Twenty-one healthy women were also enrolled as controls. We investigated their vaginal and endometrial microbiotas using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and compared the microbiota profiles in the patients with RIF and controls.Results: The endometrial microbiotas had higher α-diversities than did the vaginal microbiotas (p<0.001 in both patients with RIF and healthy women). The microbiota profiles showed that vaginal and endometrial samples in patients with RIF had significantly higher levels of 5 and 14 bacterial genera, respectively, than those in healthy women. These genera included Atopobium, Gardnerella, Prevotella and Megasphaera. Vaginal Lactobacillus rates in patients with RIF were significantly lower at 76.4 ± 38.9% compared with those of the controls at 91.8 ± 22.7% (p=0.018), but endometrial Lactobacillus rates did not significantly differ between the RIF patients and controls (56.2 ± 36.4% and 58.8 ± 37.0%, respectively, p=0.79) Conclusions: Impaired microbiota communities containing specific bacteria in both the endometrium and vagina were associated with implantation failure. The Lactobacillus rate in the vagina, but not the endometrium, may be a biomarker for RIF.Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000031731, Registered 15 March 2018; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000036121

scholarly journals The growth response of rice (Oryza sativa L. var. FARO 44) in vitro after inoculation with bacterial isolates from a typical ferruginous ultisol

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Saheed Ibrahim ◽  
Beckley Ikhajiagbe
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract Background Rice forms a significant portion of food consumed in most household worldwide. Rice production has been hampered by soil factors such as ferruginousity which has limited phosphorus availability; an important mineral component for the growth and yield of rice. The presence of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) in soils has been reported to enhance phosphate availability. In view of this, the present study employed three bacteria species (BCAC2, EMBF2 and BCAF1) that were previously isolated and proved P solubilization capacities as inocula to investigate the growth response of rice germinants in an in vitro setup. The bacteria isolates were first identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and then applied as inoculum. The inolula were prepared in three concentrations (10, 7.5 and 5.0 ml) following McFarland standard. Viable rice (var. FARO 44) seeds were sown in petri dishes and then inoculated with the three inocula at the different concentrations. The setup was studied for 28 days. Results 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified the isolates as: isolate BCAC2= Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1, isolate BCAF1= Proteus mirabilis strain TL14-1 and isolate EMBF2= Klebsiella variicola strain AUH-KAM-9. Significant improvement in rice germination, morphology, physiology and biomass parameters in the bacteria-inoculated setups was observed compared to the control. Germination percentage after 4 days was 100 % in the inoculated rice germinants compared to 65% in the control (NiS). Similarly, inoculation with the test isolates enhanced water-use efficiency by over 40%. The rice seedlings inoculated with Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1 (BiS) showed no signs of chlorosis and necrosis throughout the study period as against those inoculated with Proteus mirabilis strain TL14-1 (PiS) and Klebsiella variicola strain AUH-KAM-9 (KiS). Significant increase in chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and alpha amylase was observed in the rice seedlings inoculated with BiS as against the NiS. Conclusion Inoculating rice seeds with Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1, Proteus mirabilis strain TL14-1 and Klebsiella variicola strain AUH-KAM-9 in an in vitro media significantly improved growth parameters of the test plant. Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1 showed higher efficiency due to a more improved growth properties observed.

scholarly journals Live Bacillus subtilis natto Promotes Rumen Fermentation by Modulating Rumen Microbiota In Vitro

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1519
Author(s):  
Meinan Chang ◽  
Fengtao Ma ◽  
Jingya Wei ◽  
Junhao Liu ◽  
Xuemei Nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Natto ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Previous studies have shown that Bacillus subtilis natto affects rumen fermentation and rumen microbial community structure, which are limited to detect a few microbial abundances using traditional methods. However, the regulation of B. subtilis natto on rumen microorganisms and the mechanisms of microbiota that affect rumen fermentation is still unclear. This study explored the effects of live and autoclaved B. subtilis natto on ruminal microbial composition and diversity in vitro using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the underlying mechanisms. Rumen fluid was collected, allocated to thirty-six bottles, and divided into three treatments: CTR, blank control group without B. subtilis natto; LBS, CTR with 109 cfu of live B. subtilis natto; and ABS, CTR with 109 cfu of autoclaved B. subtilis natto. The rumen fluid was collected after 0, 6, 12, and 24 h of fermentation, and pH, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), microbial protein (MCP), and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were determined. The diversity and composition of rumen microbiota were assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results revealed LBS affected the concentrations of NH3-N, MCP, and VFAs (p < 0.05), especially after 12 h, which might be attributed to changes in 18 genera. Whereas ABS only enhanced pH and NH3-N concentration compared with the CTR group (p < 0.05), which might be associated with changes in six genera. Supplementation with live B. subtilis natto improved ruminal NH3-N and propionate concentrations, indicating that live bacteria were better than autoclaved ones. This study advances our understanding of B. subtilis natto in promoting ruminal fermentation, providing a new perspective for the precise utilization of B. subtilis natto in dairy rations.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Epidemiological Tracing of Pasteurella multocida Meningitis in a Baby

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1235-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Boerlin ◽  
Hans H. Siegrist ◽  
André P. Burnens ◽  
Peter Kuhnert ◽  
Purita Mendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Subspecies Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
The One

We report a case of Pasteurella multocida meningitis in a 1-month-old baby exposed to close contact with two dogs and a cat but without any known history of injury by these animals. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the isolate from the baby allowed identification at the subspecies level and pointed to the cat as a possible source of infection. Molecular typing of Pasteurella isolates from the animals, from the baby, and from unrelated animals clearly confirmed that the cat harbored the same P. multocidasubsp. septica strain on its tonsils as the one isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of the baby. This case stresses the necessity of informing susceptible hosts at risk of contracting zoonotic agents about some basic hygiene rules when keeping pets. In addition, this study illustrates the usefulness of molecular methods for identification and epidemiological tracing ofPasteurella isolates.

scholarly journals Findings from the microbiota of tooth apical periodontitis and the search for pathogen forgranulomatous inflammation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
Minghui Wei ◽  
Yuhong Wang ◽  
Wenzhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Normal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Neisseria Subflava ◽  
Foot Pad

Abstract BackgroundOrofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is a granulomatous inflammation (GI) disease in maxillofacial region, the underlying cause of it remains unknown. Our previous study demonstrated that tooth apical periodontitis (AP) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of OFG, we aimed here to characterize the AP bacterial signatures of OFG patients, and identify bacteria that may be important pathogens capable of inducing OFG.ResultsThe composition of AP microbiota in OFG cases and common AP controls was compared using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the results showed a specific AP microbiota signature in OFG patients, characterized by domination of phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria , notably members of Streptococcus, Lactobacillus and Neisseria. To assess the pathogenicity of the potential pathogens in OFG, we isolated and successfully in vitro cultured Streptococcus, Lactobacillus casei, Neisseria subflava, Veillonella parvula and Actinomyces from OFG patients, and injected the clinical isolates into mice respectively. Ultimately, foot pad injection with N. subflava elicited granulomatous inflammation, and the virulence of N. subflava was verified based on Koch’s postulates.ConclusionsOur findings confirmed the role of bacteria in OFG, and first suggested that the component of the host normal microbiota, N. subflava is likely a pathogen for GI.

scholarly journals Personalized Bioconversion of Panax Notoginseng Saponins Mediated by Gut Microbiota Between Chinese-diet and Western-diet Healthy Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Man-Yun Chen ◽  
Li Shao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiang-Ping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Correlative Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) as the main effective substances from P. notoginseng with low bioavailability could be bio-converted by human gut microbiota. In our previous study, PNS metabolic variations mediated by gut microbiota have been observed between high fat, high protein (HF-HP)-diet and low fat, plant fiber-rich (LF-PF)-diet subjects. In this study, we aimed to correspondingly characterize the relationship between distinct gut microbiota profiles and PNS metabolites. Methods: Gut microbiota were collected from HF-HP and LF-PF healthy adults, respectively and profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. PNS were incubated with gut microbiota in vitro. A LC-MS/MS method was developed to quantify the five main metabolites yields including ginsenoside F1 (GF1), ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2), ginsenoside compound K (GC-K), protopanaxatriol (PPT) and protopanaxadiol (PPD). The selected microbial species, Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, were employed to metabolize PNS for the corresponding metabolites.Results: The five main metabolites were significantly different between the two diet groups. Compared with HF-HP group, the microbial genus Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Dorea, Enhydrobacter, Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, SMB53, Streptococcus, Treponema and Weissella were enriched in LF-PF group, while Phascolarctobacterium and Oscillospira were relatively decreased. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlative analysis revealed gut microbiota enriched in LF-PF and HF-HP groups were positively and negatively associated with PNS metabolites yields, respectively. Conclusions: Our data showed gut microbiota diversity led to the personalized bioconversion of PNS.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Characterization of the Tumoral Microbiome during Radiotherapy in HPV-associated Oropharynx Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houda Bahig ◽  
Clifton D Fuller ◽  
Aparna Mitra ◽  
Travis Solley ◽  
Sweet Ping Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Concurrent Chemotherapy ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Oropharynx Cancer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Never Smokers

ABSTRACTPurposeTo describe the baseline and serial tumor microbiome in HPV-associated oropharynx cancer (OPC) over the course of radiotherapy (RT).MethodsPatients with newly diagnosed HPV-associated OPC treated with definitive radiotherapy +/- concurrent chemotherapy were enrolled in this prospective study. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, dynamic changes in tumor microbiome during RT were investigated. Surface tumor samples were obtained before RT and at week 1, 3 and 5 of RT. Radiological primary tumor response at mid-treatment was categorized as complete (CR) or partial (PR).ResultsTen patients were enrolled. Mean age was 63 years (range: 51-71). As per AJCC 8th Ed, 50%, 20% and 30% of patients had stage I, II and III, respectively. At 4-weeks, 7 patients had CR and 3 patients had PR; at follow-up imaging post treatment, all patients had CR. Baseline diversity of tumoral and buccal microbiomes was not statistically different. For the entire cohort, alpha diversity was significantly decreased over the course of treatment (p=0.02). There was a significant alteration in the bacterial community within the first week of radiation. Baseline tumor alpha diversity of patients with CR was significantly higher than those with PR (p=0.03). While patients with CR had significant reduction in diversity over the course of radiation (p=0.02), the diversity remained unchanged in patients with PR. Patients with history of smoking had significantly increased abundance of Granulicatella (p=0.04), and Kingella (0.05) and lower abundance of Alloprevotella (p=0.04) compared to never smokers.ConclusionsThe tumor microbiome of HPV-associated OPC exhibits reduced alpha diversity and altered taxa abundance over the course of radiotherapy. The baseline bacterial profiles of smokers vs. non-smokers were inherently different. Baseline tumor alpha diversity of patients with CR was higher than patients with PR, suggesting that the microbiome as a biomarker of radiation response deserves further investigation.

scholarly journals Diversity of Nematode Microbial Antagonists from Algeria Shows Occurrence of Nematotoxic Trichoderma spp.

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Nawal Benttoumi ◽  
Mariantonietta Colagiero ◽  
Samira Sellami ◽  
Houda Boureghda ◽  
Abdelaziz Keddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Phytoparasitic Nematodes ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Fungi and bacteria associated to phytoparasitic nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and Meloidogyne spp. in Algeria were identified and characterized. Trichoderma spp. showed the highest prevalence in the cysts of G. rostochiensis. A number of isolates were identified through PCR amplification and the sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1-2 and Rpb2 gene regions. The most represented species were T. harzianum and T. afroharzianum. The latter and T. hirsutum were reported for the first time in Algeria. Fusarium spp., including F. oxysporum and F. solani, comprised a second group of fungi found in cysts. Taxa associated to females of Meloidogyne spp. included T. harzianum, Fusarium spp. and other hyphomycetes. To assess the efficacy of Trichoderma spp., two assays were carried out in vitro with the culture filtrates of two T. afroharzianum and T. harzianum isolates, to check their toxicity versus the second stage juveniles of M. incognita. After 24–48 h exposure, a mortality significantly higher than the control was observed for both filtrates at 1% dilutions. The TRI genes involved in the production of trichothecenes were also amplified with the PCR from some Trichoderma spp. isolates and sequenced, supporting a putative role in nematode toxicity. Bacteria isolated from the cysts of G. rostochiensis included Brucella, Rhizobium, Stenotrophomonas and Bacillus spp., identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The potential of the microbial isolates identified and their mechanisms of action are discussed, as part of a sustainable nematode management strategy.

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