scholarly journals Phyto-Cleaning of Particulate Matter from Polluted Air by Woody Plant Species in the Near-Desert City of Jodhpur (India) and the Role of Heme Oxygenase in Their Response to PM Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Popek ◽  
Lovely Mahawar ◽  
Gyan Singh Shekhawat ◽  
Arkadiusz Przybysz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Tall Tree ◽  
Indian City ◽  
New Finding ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Growing Conditions

Abstract Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most dangerous pollutants in the air. Urban vegetation, especially trees and shrubs, accumulate PM and reduce its concentration in ambient air. The aim of this study was to examine 10 tree and shrub species common for the Indian city of Jodhpur (Rajasthan) located on the edge of the Thar Desert and determine: (1) the accumulation of surface and in-wax PM (both in three different size fractions), (2) the amount of epicuticular waxes on foliage, (3) the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd and Cu) on/in the leaves of the examined species, and (4) the level of heme oxygenase enzyme in leaves that accumulate PM and heavy metals. Among the investigated species, F. religiosa and C. myxa accumulated the greatest amount of total PM. F. religiosa is a tall tree with a lush, large crown and leaves with wavy edge, convex veins and long petioles, while C. myxa have hairy leaves with convex veins. The lowest PM accumulation was recorded for drought resistant S. persica and A. indica, which is probably due to their adaptation to growing conditions. Heavy metals (Cu and Cd) were found in the leaves of almost every examined species. The accumulation of heavy metals (especially Cu) was positively correlated with the amount of PM deposited on the foliage. A new finding of this study indicated a potentially important role of HO in the plants’ response to PM-induced stress. The correlation between HO and PM was stronger than that between HO and HMs. The results obtained in this study emphasise the role of plants in cleaning polluted air in conditions where there are very high concentrations of PM.

Total personal exposure to fine particulate matter in an urban adult population: the role of ambient air and transport

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (1/2/3/4) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine Boudet ◽  
Jacques Dechenaux ◽  
Franck Balducci ◽  
Pierre Masclet ◽  
Denis Zmirou
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Personal Exposure ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Fine Particulate

Occurrence of aliphatic and aromatic compounds associated with atmospheric particulate matter in three cities of Gujarat, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Dipa Lalwani ◽  
Dhruti Patel ◽  
Baiju Varghese ◽  
J.I. Nirmal Kumar ◽  
N. Rita Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Air Sampler ◽  
High Concentrations

The organic pollutants associated with atmospheric particulate matter (PM) in the environment, especially PM2.5 (particles <2.5 μm) have become a major issue worldwide in the past decade. The ambient air samples of four different sizes of particles were collected using an active air sampler (cascade impactor) from three cities of Gujarat: Anand, Ahmedabad and Surat. To study morphology and elemental composition, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray system (EDX) were used for fine particle size <1.0 μm. Besides, organic pollutants associated with particulate matter were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Total 54 organic chemicals including 29 aliphatic (alkanes and alkanoic acids) and 25 aromatic chemical compounds were identified qualitatively. Phthalate, the well-known plasticizer was found in the atmosphere of all three study sites. In addition, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as naphthalene and fluorene were quantified at high concentrations in Ahmedabad (315 ng/m3 and 509 ng/m3 respectively) followed by Surat (310 ng/m3 and 382 ng/m3) and Anand (76.1 ng/m3 and 123 ng/m3). The distribution of organic chemicals was found diverse at three locations which might be influenced by the different sources and landmass usage in each city. The presence of the carbonaceous elements in the particles indicates biomass burning emissions during the winter season which might be a source of pollutants in the studied areas.

Role of heavy metals in structuring the microbial community associated with particulate matter in a tropical estuary

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 589-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Sheeba ◽  
Anas Abdulaziz ◽  
T.R. Gireeshkumar ◽  
Anirudh Ram ◽  
P.S. Rakesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Tropical Estuary

scholarly journals Elemental Characteristics of Respirable Particulate Matter in the Urban Atmosphere of Dehradun, Uttrakhand, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Sohni Sinha ◽  
Rajdeo Kumar ◽  
Amit Ranjan Kumar ◽  
Vignesh Prabhu ◽  
Ram Pravesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Respirable Particulate

To evaluate the ambient air quality of the Dehradun city, respirable particulate matter was collected using respirable dust sampler (RDS) and analysed for the heavy metal content using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The morphology of particulates were determined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the elemental composition was determined through SEM- energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Particulate matter mass concentration ranged from 65.00 µg m-3 to 337.33 µg m-3. Quantified heavy metals in particulate matter were Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cobalt (Co), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd). The order of concentration of heavy metals were found to be in the trend of Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni>Mn>Co>Cd. Maximum concentration of PM10 was found at commercial site during summer, winter and monsoon season. Enrichment factor analysis showed substantial contribution of anthropogenic activities on PM10. Source apportionment (varimax rotated factor analysis method) showed dominance of incineration and uncontrolled burning of waste and refuses, resuspended dust with vehicular emission and crustal sources as the dominant sources in Dehradun. Plantation drive strategy have major role in ambient particulate matter mitigation measures and carbon sequestration from climate change and global problem worldwide. This study will be help to mitigate or decrease the load of air pollution by the using of various trees for sustainable human development on the marvellous earth planet.

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