scholarly journals The Role of Histology on the Outcome of Sinonasal Carcinomas Treated With Radiation Therapy; a Single Institution Experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ghalehtaki ◽  
Maryam Taherioun ◽  
Mahdieh razmkhah ◽  
Mohammad Shirkhoda ◽  
Amirmohsen Jalaeefar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Histological Subtypes ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Oncological Outcomes ◽  
Adenoid Cystic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rare Group

Abstract Background: Malignant epithelial sinonasal tumors are a rare group of head and neck cancers with various histological subtypes that can affect the treatment outcomes in the locally advanced tumors.Our aim was to investigate the relationship between oncological outcomes and histological type in sinonasal carcinomas.Material and Method: In this retrospective cohort study we retrieved patients’ information from medical archives. Most of patients underwent surgery and all received radiation as indicated, some patients received chemotherapy. We evaluated 3-year overall survival (OS),distant metastases and local recurrence according to histological type.Results: We studied 28 patients between 2011-2016. Most of them were male. Squamouse cell carcinoma (SCC) was found in 15 (53.5%), Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) in 8 (28.5%), and Adenocarcinoma (AC) in 5 (18%) patients. The highest rate of metastasis was observed in AC. Three-year OS were 48%, 50% and 73% in SCC, AC and AdCC respectively.Conclusion: The type of histology affects the oncological outcomes and this relationship can dictate the treatment modality to choose when dealing with malignant sinonasal tumors.

scholarly journals Use of FOLFIRINOX or Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine for the Treatment of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Single Institution Observational Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4939
Author(s):  
Alberto Servetto ◽  
Antonio Santaniello ◽  
Fabiana Napolitano ◽  
Francesca Foschini ◽  
Roberta Marciano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Overall Survival ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Patients with locally advanced (LA) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) do not present distant metastases but are not eligible for surgery upfront. Chemotherapy regimens, such as FOLFIRINOX (FFN) or nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (GemNab) in combination with loco-regional treatments are generally used in this setting. However, the best treatment choice is unknown. We retrospectively analyzed the information of 225 patients with stage II–III PDAC treated at our institution between October 2011 and December 2020. A total of 94 patients with LA PDAC who are non-eligible for surgery upfront received neoadjuvant FFN or GemNab. Of the 67 patients receiving FFN, 28 (41.8%) underwent surgery after neoadjuvant therapy. Of the 27 patients treated with GemNab, 6 (22.2%) became eligible for resection. The median overall survival (OS) was 85.1 weeks and 54.3 weeks in the FFN and GemNab groups, respectively (HR = 0.54, p = 0.0109). The median OS was 189.7 weeks and 76.4 weeks in the resected and unresected cohorts, respectively (HR = 0.25, p < 0.0001). Neutropenia (37.3%), anemia (6.0%), and diarrhea (6.0%) in the FFN group and neutropenia (22.2%) and thrombocytopenia (18.5%) in the GemNab groups were the most frequent grade 3–4 side effects. Higher rates of thrombocytosis (p < 0.0001) and peripheral edema (p < 0.0001) were observed in the GemNab group. Our results suggest that the use of FFN is associated with more favorable clinical outcomes than GemNab for patients with LA PDAC. Future randomized and controlled clinical trials are needed to further elucidate the role of these regimens and loco-regional treatments in this setting.

scholarly journals Computed Tomography Colonography Technique: The Role of Intracolonic Gas Volume

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick D. McLaughlin ◽  
Kevin P. Murphy ◽  
Lee Crush ◽  
Owen J. O'Connor ◽  
Joseph P. Coyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Bowel Segments ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
3D Region Growing

Introduction. Poor distention decreases the sensitivity and specificity of CTC. The total volume of gas administered will vary according to many factors. We aim to determine the relationship between the volume of retained gas at the time of image acquisition and colonic distention and specifically the presence of collapsed bowel segments at CTC.Materials and Methods. All patients who underwent CTC over a 12-month period at a single institution were included in the study. Colonic luminal distention was objectively scored by 2 radiologists using an established 4-point scale. Quantitative analysis of the volume of retained gas at the time of image acquisition was conducted using the threshold 3D region growing function of OsiriX.Results. 108 patients were included for volumetric analysis. Mean retained gas volume was 3.3 L. 35% (38/108) of patients had at least one collapsed colonic segment. Significantly lower gas volumes were observed in the patients with collapsed colonic segments when compared with those with fully distended colons 2.6 L versus 3.5 L (P=0.031). Retained volumes were significantly higher for the 78% of patients with ileocecal reflux at 3.4 L versus 2.6 L without ileocecal reflux (P=0.014).Conclusion. Estimation of intraluminal gas volume at CTC is feasible using image segmentation and thresholding tools. An average of 3.5 L of retained gas was found in diagnostically adequate CTC studies with significantly lower mean gas volume observed in patients with collapsed colonic segments.

scholarly journals Staging Laparoscopy in Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Is It Still Useful?

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-505
Author(s):  
Lotte C. Franken ◽  
Robert Jan S. Coelen ◽  
Eva Roos ◽  
Joanne Verheij ◽  
Saffire S. Phoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Staging Laparoscopy ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Unresectable Disease ◽  
Advanced Tumor ◽  
Distant Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Severe Cirrhosis

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The role of staging laparoscopy in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma remains unclear. Despite extensive preoperative imaging, approximately 25% of patients are deemed unresectable at laparotomy due to metastasized disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of unresectable disease found at staging laparoscopy and to identify predictors for detecting metastasized intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We retrospectively collected records of all patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, presenting at our institution from 2008 to 2017. Staging laparoscopy was performed on the suspicion of distant metastases and on indication in larger tumors. The yield and sensitivity of staging laparoscopy was calculated. Reasons for unresectability at staging laparoscopy or laparotomy were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among a total of 80 patients with potentially resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 35 patients underwent staging laparoscopy on the suspicion of distant metastases. Unresectable disease was found at staging laparoscopy in 15 patients. Reasons for unresectability were liver metastasis (<i>n</i> = 6), peritoneal metastasis (<i>n</i> = 4), severe cirrhosis (<i>n</i> = 2), locally advanced tumor with satellite lesions (<i>n</i> = 1), and distant lymph node metastasis (<i>n</i> = 2). Considering optimal preoperative imaging, the true yield of staging laparoscopy was 20% (7/35). Two patients did not undergo laparotomy due to progression after staging laparoscopy. Of the remaining 18 patients who underwent laparotomy, 6 patients (30%) had unresectable disease, mostly because of distant metastasis (<i>n</i> = 4). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The role of staging laparoscopy to detect unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is highly dependent on the quality of preoperative imaging. Currently, no accurate selection criteria on imaging exist to select patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who potentially benefit from staging laparoscopy.

scholarly journals Adamalysines as Biomarkers and a Potential Target of Therapy in Colorectal Cancer Patients: Preliminary Results

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Walkiewicz ◽  
Joanna Strzelczyk ◽  
Dariusz Waniczek ◽  
Krzysztof Biernacki ◽  
Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Increased Activity

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Due to its still undetermined pathogenesis, we are searching for signaling pathways that are important in the development of colorectal cancer. In this article, we present results of study on the role of ADAM proteins in colorectal cancer. The study included 85 adult colorectal cancer patients (48 men, 37 women) and 25 patients in the control group (after diagnostic colonoscopy—without cancer). During hospitalization, a serum sample (3 cm3) was collected from the study and control group, anthropometric measurements were conducted and others clinical data were analyzed. In the serum ADAM10, 12, 17, and 28, protein concentrations were determined and, in the next step, examined the relationship between ADAMs concentrations and selected clinical parameters in both groups. The analysis showed that serum levels of ADAM10 and ADAM28 are significantly higher in patients with colorectal cancer and correlate with histopathological grading and with presence of distant metastases. Moreover, noticed the trend to correlate concentrations of adamalysines with higher BMI score. One of the functions of adamalysines is the activation of growth factors involved in cancer, including IGF and TNFα. The increased activity of adamalysines in patients may play a role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Our study highlights the prevalence of metabolic disorders in the group of patients with diagnosed CRC, and this cancer seems to be a further complication of obesity.

scholarly journals Extracorporeal Partial Nephrectomy with Orthotopic Autotransplantation under Pharmaco-Cold Ischaemia for Cancer of a Single Kidney: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1202-1208
Author(s):  
Tatiana Baitman ◽  
Irina Miroshkina ◽  
Alexander Gritskevich ◽  
Alexander Teplov ◽  
Andrey Zotikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Nephron Sparing ◽  
Radical Method ◽  
Single Kidney

Up to 10% of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have locally advanced disease with venous tumour thrombosis involving the inferior vena cava (IVC). 30–50% of them present with synchronous metastatic disease. Surgical treatment remains the only potentially radical method for patients suffering from RCC and IVC tumour thrombosis without distant metastases. Five-year cancer-specific survival for such patients is 40–60%. The role of surgery in the treatment of RCC is significant, even if only cytoreductive operation is possible. Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is reasonably preferable for patients suffering from single kidney RCC, but it is not always radical enough. Extracorporeal approach allows to perform a radical dissection of the tumour in special complicated cases, but it is seldom used because of technical difficulties. We present a case of successful NSS by extracorporeal approach in our modification for RCC with IVC tumour thrombosis.

scholarly journals Role of maximal primary cytoreductive surgery in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian and tubal cancer: Surgical and oncological outcomes. Single institution experience

2010 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Peiretti ◽  
Vanna Zanagnolo ◽  
Giovanni D. Aletti ◽  
Luca Bocciolone ◽  
Nicoletta Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoreductive Surgery ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Oncological Outcomes ◽  
Tubal Cancer

scholarly journals Role of concurrent chemoradiation on locally advanced unresectable adenoid cystic carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Hyerim Ha ◽  
Bhumsuk Keam ◽  
Chan-Young Ock ◽  
Tae Min Kim ◽  
Jin Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Concurrent Chemoradiation ◽  
Adenoid Cystic

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

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