Spatiotemporal Parameters And Gait Variability In People With Psoriatic Arthritis (Psa) : A Cross-Sectional Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roua Walha ◽  
Nathaly Gaudreault ◽  
Pierre Dagenais ◽  
Patrick Boissy
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Gait Variability ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Foot Pain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽  
Foot Function ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background: Foot involvement is a major manifestation of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and could lead to severe levels of foot pain and disability and impaired functional mobility and quality of life. Gait spatiotemporal parameters (STPs) and gait variability, used as a clinical index of gait stability, have been associated with several adverse health outcomes including risk of falling, functional decline, and mortality in a wide range of populations. Previous studies showed some alterations in STPs in people with PsA. However, gait variability and the relationships between STPs, gait variability and self-reported foot pain and disability have never been studied in this populations. Body-worn inertial measurement units (IMUs) are gaining interest in measuring gait parameters in clinical settings.Objectives: To assess STPs and gait variability in people with PsA using IMUs and, to explore their relationship with self-reported foot pain and function and to investigate the feasibility of using IMUs to discriminate patient groups based on gait speed-critical values.Methods: 21 participants with PsA (Age: 53.9 ± 8.9 yrs; median disease duration: 6 yrs) and 21 age and gender-matched healthy participants (Age 54.23 ± 9.3 yrs) were recruited. All the participants performed three 10-meter walk test trials at their comfortable speed. STPs and gait variability were recorded and calculated using six body-worn IMUs and the Mobility Lab software (APDM®). Foot pain and disability were assessed in participants with PsA using the foot function index (FFI).Results: Cadence, gait speed, stride length, and swing phase, were significantly lower, while double support was significantly higher, in the PsA group (p< 0.006). Strong correlations between STPs and the FFI total score were demonstrated (|r|> 0.57, p< 0.006). Gait variability was significantly increased in the PsA group, but it was not correlated with foot pain and function (p< 0.006). Using the IMUs three subgroups of participants with PsA with clinically meaningful differences in self-reported foot pain and disability were discriminated.Conclusion: STPs were significantly altered in participants with PsA which could be associated with self-reported foot pain and disability. Future studies are required to confirm the increased gait variability highlighted in this study and its potential underlying causes. Using IMUs in clinical settings has been useful to objectively assess foot function in people with PsA. Study registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05075343, Retrospectively registered on 29 September 2021.

scholarly journals Foot Function, Foot Pain, and Falls in Older Adults: The Framingham Foot Study

Gerontology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunima Awale ◽  
Thomas J. Hagedorn ◽  
Alyssa B. Dufour ◽  
Hylton B. Menz ◽  
Virginia A. Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Foot Pain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recurrent Falls ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Foot Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Although foot pain has been linked to fall risk, contributions of pain severity, foot posture, or foot function are unclear. These factors were examined in a cohort of older adults. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of foot pain, severity of foot pain, and measures of foot posture and dynamic foot function with reported falls in a large, well-described cohort of older adults from the Framingham Foot Study. Methods: Foot pain, posture, and function were collected from Framingham Foot Study participants who were queried about falls over the past year (0, 1, and ≥2 falls). Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relation of falls with foot pain, pain severity, foot posture, and foot function adjusting for covariates. Results: The mean age of the 1,375 participants was 69 years; 57% were female, and 21% reported foot pain (40% mild pain, 47% moderate pain, and 13% severe pain). One-third reported falls in the past year (1 fall: n = 263, ≥2 falls: n = 152). Foot pain was associated with a 62% increased odds of recurrent falls. Those with moderate and severe foot pain showed increased odds of ≥2 falls (OR 1.78, CI 1.06-2.99, and OR 3.25, CI 1.65-7.48, respectively) compared to those with no foot pain. Foot function was not associated with falls. Compared to normal foot posture, those with planus foot posture had 78% higher odds of ≥2 falls. Conclusion: Higher odds of recurrent falls were observed in individuals with foot pain, especially severe foot pain, as well as in individuals with planus foot posture, indicating that both foot pain and foot posture may play a role in increasing the risk of falls among older adults.

scholarly journals Enhanced Gait Variability Index in Older Asian Adults and Increased Physiological Fall Risk: Results from the Yishun Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Abdul Jabbar ◽  
Wei-Ting Seah ◽  
Lay Khoon Lau ◽  
Benedict Wei-Jun Pang ◽  
Daniella Hui-Min Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Gait Variability ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽  
Variability Index

Abstract Background: Gait variability (GV) of various spatiotemporal parameters has been investigated in association with falls as well as physical and cognitive decline. However, the lack of consensus regarding the best approach to quantify GV as well as the lack of a composite score to represent the variabilities of the various spatiotemporal gait parameters, had dampened the reporting and acceptance of GV, especially among Asian researchers. The main objective of this study was to derive an Enhanced Gait Variability Index (EGVI) and reference values in an Asian population and to evaluate its validity as an indicator of physiological fall risk.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a large residential town of Yishun in Singapore. Random sample of community-dwelling adults (N = 511, 21 – 90 years old) categorized into 3 groups – reference group (N = 268, 21 – 64 years), low fall-risk (N = 182, ≥ 65 years) and high fall-risk (N = 61, ≥ 65 years). Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) score of ≥ 2.0 was used to differentiate high fall-risk and low fall-risk groups. EGVI were derived from 5 spatiotemporal parameters: step length(cm), step time(s), stance time(s), single support time(s) and stride velocity(cm/s), with reference values from among participation less than 65 years of age.Results: Our Asian population showed greater overall gait variability than the European cohort in which the original EGVI was derived. This Asian EGVI displayed a non-linear relationship with both ageing and gait speed – significant changes in the EGVI were observed for those older than 60 years of age and in those whose habitual gait speed was lesser than 120cm/s. The EGVI discriminated between older adults with and without high fall risk and showed weak to moderate correlation with a number of the functional mobility and balance tests in both high and low fall risk groups.Conclusion: We derived an Asian Enhanced Gait Variability Index and reference values and validated its performance to discriminate high fall-risk and low fall-risk among older adults.

scholarly journals The Effects of Custom-made Foot Orthoses on Foot Pain, Foot Function, Gait Function and Freeliving Walking Activities in Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) Patients: a Pre-experimental Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roua Walha ◽  
Pierre Dagenais ◽  
Nathaly Gaudreault ◽  
Gabriel Beaudoin-Côté ◽  
Patrick Boissy
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Foot Pain ◽  
Limb Pain ◽  
Lower Limb Pain ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Foot Function ◽  
Gait Function

Abstract Introduction: Foot involvement is a major concern in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) as it can lead to severe levels of foot pain and disability as well as reduced mobility and quality of life. Previous studies have shown moderate efficacy in reducing foot pain and disability in rheumatoid arthritis patients with the use of custom-made foot orthoses (CFO). However, evidence on the efficacy of CFO in PsA patients is lacking.Objectives: Explore the effects of CFO on foot function, foot and lower limb pain, gait function, and freeliving walking activities (FWA) in PsA patients.Methods: A Pre-experimental study including 20 PsA patients (mean age: 54.10 ± 9.06 y and disease duration: 11.53 ± 10.22 y), was conducted. All the participants received and wore CFO for a 7-week period. Foot and lower limb pain and foot function were measured before and after the intervention using the numerical rating scale (NRS) and the foot function index (FFI). Gait function was assessed from gait spatiotemporal parameters (STPs) extracted during a 10-meter walk test with an gait analysis system (Mobility Lab). Freeliving walking activities (step count, freeliving cadence, time spent in different ambulatory physical activities (APA)) were recorded over 7 days using accelerometer data collected from an instrumented sock worn during waking hours.Results: PsA patients reported severe baseline levels of foot pain (54.46 ± 14.58 %) and disability (46.65 ± 16.14%) on the FFI. Statistically and clinically significant improvements with large effect sizes (Cohen’s effect size > 1, p<0.005) in foot pain and foot function were observed after 7 weeks of CFO use. A significant correlation (r=-0.64, p<0.01) between CFO wear time after the adaption period and foot function on the FFI at 7 weeks was observed. However, no significant changes were demonstrated for gait STP nor for free-living walking activities after 7 weeks of CFO use.Conclusion: Results support the clinical and biomechanical plausibility of using CFO with PsA patients to reduce pain and improve foot function. Larger and controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings and a multidisciplinary approach including the prescription of exercise therapy and physiotherapy in combination with CFO could be relevant to improve STP and promote APA in PsA patients.Study registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05075343, Retrospectively registered on 29 September 2021.

scholarly journals Foot Pain and Pronated Foot Type Are Associated with Self-Reported Mobility Limitations in Older Adults: The Framingham Foot Study

Gerontology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hylton B. Menz ◽  
Alyssa B. Dufour ◽  
Patricia Katz ◽  
Marian T. Hannan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Foot Pain ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Foot Function ◽  
And Function

Background: The foot plays an important role in supporting the body when undertaking weight-bearing activities. Aging is associated with an increased prevalence of foot pain and a lowering of the arch of the foot, both of which may impair mobility. Objective: To examine the associations of foot pain, foot posture and dynamic foot function with self-reported mobility limitations in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Foot examinations were conducted on 1,860 members of the Framingham Study in 2002-2005. Foot posture was categorized as normal, planus or cavus using static pressure measurements, and foot function was categorized as normal, pronated or supinated using dynamic pressure measurements. Participants were asked whether they had foot pain and any difficulty performing a list of eight weight-bearing tasks. Multivariate logistic regression and linear regression models were used to examine the associations of foot pain, posture, function and ability to perform these activities. Results: After adjusting for age, sex, height and weight, foot pain was significantly associated with difficulty performing all eight weight-bearing activities. Compared to those with normal foot posture and function, participants with planus foot posture were more likely to report difficulty remaining balanced [odds ratio (OR) = 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-1.85; p = 0.018] and individuals with pronated foot function were more likely to report difficulty walking across a small room (OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.02-4.22; p = 0.045). Foot pain and planus foot posture were associated with an overall mobility limitation score combining performances on each measure. Conclusion: Foot pain, planus foot posture and pronated foot function are associated with self-reported difficulty undertaking common weight-bearing tasks. Interventions to reduce foot pain and improve foot posture and function may therefore have a role in improving mobility in older adults.

Chaperonin as the normal controls and pathological anti-stress response in the human reproductive system

2016 ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
M. Makarenko ◽  
◽  
D. Hovsyeyev ◽  
L. Sydoryk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Stress Proteins ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Intercellular Signaling ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Protein Functions ◽  
And Function

Different kinds of physiological stress cause mass changes in the cells, including the changes in the structure and function of the protein complexes and in separate molecules. The protein functions is determined by its folding (the spatial conclusion), which depends on the functioning of proteins of thermal shock- molecular chaperons (HSPs) or depends on the stress proteins, that are high-conservative; specialized proteins that are responsible for the correct proteinaceous folding. The family of the molecular chaperones/ chaperonins/ Hsp60 has a special place due to the its unique properties of activating the signaling cascades through the system of Toll-like receptors; it also stimulates the cells to produce anti- inflammatory cytokines, defensins, molecules of cell adhesion and the molecules of MHC; it functions as the intercellular signaling molecule. The pathological role of Hsp60 is established in a wide range of illnesses, from diabetes to atherosclerosis, where Hsp60 takes part in the regulation of both apoptosis and the autoimmune processes. The presence of the HSPs was found in different tissues that are related to the reproductive system. Key words: molecular chaperons (HSPs), Toll-like receptors, reproductive function, natural auto antibody.

Possession and Repetition

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 243-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohan Yoo
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lay Buddhists ◽  
Iconic Status ◽  
And Function ◽  
To Receive

This article demonstrates the need for the iconic status and function of Buddhist scripture to receive more attention by illuminating how lay Korean Buddhists try to appropriate the power of sutras. The oral and aural aspects of scripture, explained by Wilfred Cantwell Smith, provide only a limited understanding of the characteristics of scripture. It should be noted that, before modern times, most lay people, not only in Buddhist cultures but also in Christian and other traditions, neither had the chance to recite scriptures nor to listen to their recitations regularly. Several clear examples demonstrate contemporary Korean Buddhists’ acceptance of the iconic status of sutras and their attempt to appropriate the power and status of those sacred texts. In contemporary Korea, lay Buddhists try to claim the power of scriptures in their daily lives by repeating and possessing them. Twenty-first century lay believers who cannot read or recite in a traditional style have found new methods of repetition, such as internet programs for copying sacred texts and for playing recordings of their recitations. In addition, many Korean Buddhists consider the act of having sutras in one’s possession to be an effective way of accessing the sacred status and power of these texts. Hence, various ways of possessing them have been developed in a wide range of products, from fancy gilded sutras to sneakers embroidered with mantras.

The Art of Love Poetry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Gray
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Love Poetry ◽  
Erotic Love ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Meaning And Function ◽  
Comprehensive History

Love begets poetry; poetry begets love. These two propositions have seemed evident to thinkers and poets across the Western literary tradition. Plato writes that “anyone that love touches instantly becomes a poet.” And even today, when poetry has largely disappeared from the mainstream of popular culture, it retains its romantic associations. But why should this be so—what are the connections between poetry and erotic love that lead us to associate them so strongly with one another? An examination of different theories of both love and poetry across the centuries reveals that the connection between them is not merely an accident of cultural history—the result of our having grown up hearing, or hearing about, love poetry—but something more intrinsic. Even as definitions of them have changed, the two phenomena have consistently been described in parallel terms. Love is characterized by paradox. Above all, it is both necessarily public, because interpersonal, and intensely private; hence it both requires expression and resists it. In poetry, especially lyric poetry, which features its own characteristic paradoxes and silences, love finds a natural outlet. This study considers both the theories and the love poems themselves, bringing together a wide range of examples from different eras in order to examine the major structures that love and poetry share. It does not aim to be a comprehensive history of Western love poetry, but an investigation into the meaning and function of recurrent tropes, forms, and images employed by poets to express and describe erotic love.

scholarly journals TOWARDS FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURAL DECOMPOSITION OF CONSTRAINED LAYER INFLATABLE SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3219-3228
Author(s):  
Koray Benli ◽  
Jonathan Luntz ◽  
Diann Brei ◽  
Wonhee Kim ◽  
Paul Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Systematic Understanding ◽  
And Function

AbstractPneumatically activated systems enable myriad types of highly functional inflatables employing a wide range of architectural approaches affecting their form and function, making systematic conceptual design difficult. A new architectural class of pneumatically activated systems, constrained layer inflatable systems, consists of hierarchically architected flat layers of thin airtight bladders that are internally and/or externally constrained to generate a variety of functionalities. The highly hierarchical architectural structure of constrained layer inflatable systems coincides with the hierarchy of produced functions, providing an opportunity for the development of a functional architectural decomposition, capturing the inherent relationship between architectural and functional hierarchies. The basis of the approach is conveyed through the design of an example constrained layer inflatable system. This approach empowers the systematic understanding of the interrelated architectural and functional breakdown of constrained layer inflatable systems, enabling designers to iteratively analyze, synthesize, and re-synthesize the components of the system improving existing designs and exploring new concepts.

Age-Dependency of Total Tau in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Is Corrected by Amyloid-β 1–40: A Correlational Study in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Paul Theo Zebhauser ◽  
Achim Berthele ◽  
Marie-Sophie Franz ◽  
Oliver Goldhardt ◽  
Janine Diehl-Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Total Tau ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Tau proteins are established biomarkers of neuroaxonal damage in a wide range of neurodegenerative conditions. Although measurement of total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid is widely used in research and clinical settings, the relationship between age and total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid is yet to be fully understood. While past studies reported a correlation between age and total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid of healthy adults, in clinical practice the same cut-off value is used independently of patient’s age. Objective: To further explore the relationship between age and total-Tau and to disentangle neurodegenerative from drainage-dependent effects. Methods: We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid samples of 76 carefully selected cognitively healthy adults and included amyloid-β 1–40 as a potential marker of drainage from the brain’s interstitial system. Results: We found a significant correlation of total-Tau and age, which was no longer present when correcting total-Tau for amyloid-β 1–40 concentrations. These findings were replicated under varied inclusion criteria. Conclusion: Results call into question the association of age and total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, they suggest diagnostic utility of amyloid-β 1–40 as a possible proxy for drainage-mechanisms into the cerebrospinal fluid when interpreting biomarker concentrations for neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Physical and functional performance assessment in pediatric oncology: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regine Söntgerath ◽  
Julia Däggelmann ◽  
Sabine V. Kesting ◽  
Corina S. Rueegg ◽  
Torge-Christian Wittke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Pediatric Cancer ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background Research indicates reduced physical performance from diagnosis into survivorship of pediatric cancer patients. However, there is no systematic information or guideline available on the methods to assess physical performance and function in this population. The purpose was to systematically compile and describe assessments of physical performance and function in patients and survivors of pediatric cancer, including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, speed, balance, flexibility, functional mobility, gait and motor performance test batteries. Methods We searched the databases PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Database and performed abstract and full-text selection of 2619 articles according to the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews. Information on patients characteristics, assessments, information on validity and reliability, and relevant references was extracted. Results In summary, 63 different assessments were found in 149 studies including 11639 participants. Most studies evaluated cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength with the majority conducted off treatment. Some outcomes (e.g. speed) and diagnoses (e.g. neuroblastoma) were severely underrepresented. With the exception of gait, leukemia patients represented the largest group of individuals tested. Conclusions Insufficient data and patient heterogeneity complicate uniform recommendations for assessments. Our results support researchers and practitioners in selecting appropriate assessment to meet their specific research questions or individual daily practice needs. Impact This systematic review includes 149 studies and provides a comprehensive summary of 63 assessments to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, speed, balance, flexibility, functional mobility, gait or motor performance test batteries in patients and survivors of pediatric cancer. We present the most studied fields within the pediatric cancer population, which are cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength, off treatment phase, and leukemia patients. We propose research priorities by identification of subgroups in terms of cancer type, phase of treatment, and outcome of interest that are underrepresented in studies currently available.

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