scholarly journals Natural Radionuclide (Gamma and Alpha Emitters) in Grain Samples Collected from Kerbala Governorate, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahraa Saad Hamzah ◽  
Abdalsattar Hashim ◽  
Ali Abojassim
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Natural Radionuclide ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Alpha Emitters ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Cr 39 Detectors

Abstract The aim of this research is to detect nature radioactivity for gamma emitters (specific activity 238U, 232Th, and 40K) using NaI(Tl) detectors and alpha emitters (concentrations of 222Rn, 226Ra, and 238U) using CR-39 detectors in selected samples of grain that are collected from Kerbala governorate. Also, annual effective dose and some radiological parameters due to gamma and alpha emitters to assess the health risk were calculated. Results have been shown that the average value of specific activities for 238U, 232Th and 40K were 6.61±0.91 Bq/kg, 3.07±0.22 Bq/kg and 227.59±32.34 Bq/kg respectively, while the average value of alpha emitters concentrations for 222Rn, 226Ra, and 238U were 3.99±1.13 Bq/m3, 4.69±1.28 mBq/kg and 0.072±0.019 Bq/kg respectively. The results of average total of annual effective dose associated with the exposure due to gamma and alpha emitted from ingestion grain samples in the present study were 0.139±0.013 mSv/y and 0.172±0.047 µSv/y, respectively. The results of natural Radionuclide and radiological parameter hazard based on gamma and alpha emitters from grain samples were discovered to be within the world acceptable levels. Finally, natural radioactivity from the grain samples that collected from Kerbala governorate were safety for the human consumption.

scholarly journals Assessment of Radon, Radium, and Uranium Concentrations in Decorative Materials (Used to walls) Samples in Iraqi Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1210-1218
Author(s):  
Ali Abid Abojassim ◽  
Ali Saeed Jassim ◽  
Howaida Mansour Ahmed ◽  
Hayder Hamza Hussian
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Radon Exhalation Rate ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Alpha Emitters ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Cr 39 Detectors

In present study, natural alpha emitters (222Rn, 226Ra, and 238U) were tested in decorative materials used as walls collected from different Iraqi local markets by CR-39 detectors that it was purchased from TASTRAK Analysis System. Annual effective dose and radon exhalation rate were calculated. The results obtained showed that the range and average value of 222Rn concentrations in air container were 7.94 – 738.10 Bq/m3 and 252.38±37.63 Bq/m3, while 222Rn concentrations in in sample were 45.73– 4252.99 Bq/m3 and 1454.25±216.84 Bq/m3. The ranged of 226Ra and 238U concentrations were 0.010- 1.000 Bq/kg, with an average value 0.278±0.04 Bq/kg and 0.01- 1.24 ppm, with an average value 0.344±0.05 ppm, respectively. The results obtained showed that the range and average value of annual effective dose in mSv/y were 0.2 –18.62 and 6.29±0.95. Also, it is found that the mass exhalation rate as well as surface exhalation rate were 8.38±1.33 mBq/kg.day and 240.77±36.56 mBq/m2.day, respectively. The data of 222Rn concentration (in air container), and annual effective dose in some samples of the present study were higher than the global limit range (200-300 Bq/m3), and (3-10 mSv/y) according to ICRP. While, all results of 226Ra, and 238U concentrations as well as the mass with surface exhalation rate were within the permissible limits that suggested by UNSEAR, and ICRP. Then, it can be concluded that the most samples of decorative materials which used as walls according to radiation scope no causes health risk.

scholarly journals Measurement of Indoor Radon Gas Concentration in same Region of Baghdad Governorate Using CR-39 Nuclear Track Detector

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Track Detector ◽  
Nuclear Track Detector ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Alpha Emitters ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Radon Gas

In this research the activity of radon gas in air in Baghad governorate,Iraq, using “alpha-emitters track registration (CR-39) track detector were measured. This measurement was done for selected areas from Baghdad Governorate, The results obtained shows that the highest average concentrations for Rn-222 is (179.077 Bq/m^3) which was recorded within Al-Shaaib city and less average concentrations was (15.79 Bq/m^3) in the nearby residential area of Baghdad International Airport and the overall average concentrations is (86.508 Bq/m^3) for these regions. Then the radon concentration was measured annual effective dose calculated from radon concentration and found in range from 0.4031 mSv/y to 4.5179 mSv /y with an average value of 2.1824 mSv/y. The annual effective dose of radon was within the allowed international limits.

scholarly journals Specific Activities of Natural Radionuclides and Annual Effective Dose Due to the Intake of Some Types of Children Powdered Milk Available in Baghdad Markets

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Activities

In this research the specific activity of natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were determined by sodium iodide enhanced by thallium NaI(TI) detector and assessed the annual effective dose in Dielac 1 and 2 and Nactalia 1 and 2 for children of less than 1 year which are available in Baghdad markets. The specific activity of 40K has the greater value in all the types which is in the range of allowed levels globally that suggested by UNSCEAR. The mean value of annual effective doses were 2.92, 4.005 and 1.6325 mSv/y for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K respectively.

scholarly journals Radiation Risk Assessment on Public in Motijheel Thana, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Mohammed Belayet Hossain ◽  
Dr. Mohammad Sohelur Rahman ◽  
Dr. Mohammad Amir Hossain Bhuiyan ◽  
Selina Yeasmin
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Radiation Monitoring ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
The Real ◽  
Average Value

Objective: The pollution free environment is required for healthy life. The real-time radiation monitoring is very important for radiation hazard detection in the environment. The excess life-time cancer risk (ELCR) on public is to assess based on the real-time radiation monitoring data in the area. Methods: The real-time radiation monitoring was performed using portable digital radiation monitoring device. This real-time digital portable radiation monitoring device meets all European CE standards as well as the American “FCC 15 standard”. The real-time digital portable radiation monitoring device was placed at 1 meter above the ground on tripod and data collection time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. 27 MPs were chosen for collection of real-time radiation data at various outdoor environment in Motijheel Thana, Dhaka from May-August 2018.Results: The real-time radiation dose rates at Motijheel Thana due to natural radionuclides were ranged from 0.095 ± 0.041 µSv.h-1 to 0.185 ± 0.042 µSv.h-1 with an average of 0.147 ± 0.047 µSv.h-1. The annual effective dose to public from outdoor environmental radiation at Motijheel Thana were found to be 0.166 ± 0.066 mSv to 0.324 ± 0.061 mSv with an average of 0.257 ± 0.039 mSv. Excess Life-time Cancer Risk (ELCR) on public are also estimated based on annual effective dose that is ranged from 0.662 ×10-3 to 1.289 ×10-3 with an average value of 1.025 ×10-3, which is higher than world average value of 0.29×10-3. Conclusion: This type of study is required for detection of the radiation hazard arising from the natu-ral as well as man-made sources and also for generation of the baseline database. From this study, it is observed that there is no pose any radiation hazard in the study area due to man-made sources.

The Alpha Particle Doses Received by Students and Staff in Twenty Schools in the North of Hebron Region - Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Indoor Radon Concentration ◽  
The North ◽  
Cr 39 Detectors ◽  
Average Effective Dose ◽  
Radon Concentrations

Abstract: The aim of the current study was to measure indoor radon concentration levels and its resulting doses received by the students and staff in schools of the directorate of education in the north of Hebron region- Palestine, during the summer months from June to September (2018), using CR-39 detectors. In this study, a total of 567 CR-39-based radon detectors were installed in the selected schools. The average radon concentrations were found to be 90.0, 66.5 and 58.0 Bqm-3 in Halhul, Beit Umar and Alarrub camp schools, respectively. Based on the measured indoor radon data, the overall average effective dose for the studied area was found to be 0.31 mSvy-1. Reported values for radon concentrations and corresponding doses are lower than ICRP recommended limits for workplaces. The results show no significant radiological risk for the pupils and staff in the schools under investigation. Consequently, the health hazards related to radiation are expected to be negligible. Keywords: Radon concentration, Alpha particles, Annual effective dose, Schools. PACs: 29.40.−n.

Indoor Radon and Thoron Concentration and the Associated Effective Dose Rate Determination in Dwellings of Suq Alshouk, Thiqar (Iraq)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 06-10
Author(s):  
Hussam Najem Abood ◽  
Ahmed Abbas Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Effective Dose Rate

Indoor radon/thoron concentration has been determined in some dwellings of Suq Alshouk district in Thiqar Governorate southern of Iraq, using LR-115 type II and CR-39 (SSNTDs). In this work the indoor radon/thoron concentration varies from (8-73) Bq m-3 for radon with an average 35±2Bq m-3, and ranges (1- 47) Bq m-3 for thoron with an average16±2Bq m-3. The average annual effective dose due to radon and thoron varies from 0.43-3.38m Sv y-1 with average value 1.43±0.11 mSv y-1.

scholarly journals Measurement of radiation dose level within Queen Amina Hall, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nuraddeen Nasiru Garba ◽  
Rabiu Nasiru ◽  
Muniba Sufiyan ◽  
Abdullahi Muhammad Vatsa
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Environmental Radioactivity ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Measurement of background radiation is of great interest for it provides useful information in monitoring environmental radioactivity. The aim of the present study is to provide information and generate database on the natural background radiation dose levels of densely populated Queen Amina Hall, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The radiation dose (outdoor and indoor dose rate) were measured at 29 rooms (Block 1- 4) and their compounds using RADOS survey meter held at 1m above the ground. The measured radiation dose ranged 0.13 nGyh-1 to 0.43 nGyh-1 and 0.54 nGyh-1 to 1.72 nGyh1 for indoor and outdoor respectively. Some of the high values recorded could be attributed due to the contribution of cosmic radiation emanating from the atmosphere as well as the geological settings of the location as there is no any artificial contributing factor within the area. The annual effective doses within the study area was found to be 0.01 mSvy-1 throughout which is quit below the world average value of 0.87 mSvy-1 for natural sources. Keywords: Radiation dose, Annual effective dose, RADOS meter, Queen Amina

Radiation Safety Standards and Basic Health Rules for Radiation Safety: Proposal on the Development of New Versions

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
А. Симаков ◽  
A. Simakov ◽  
Ю. Абрамов ◽  
Yu. Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Uranium Isotopes ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
One Year

The objective of this work is to enhance national Radiation safety standards (NRB) and Basic Health Rules for Radiation Safety (OSPORB).  This article discusses proposals how to amend new versions of the fundamental regulatory documents – national NRB and OSPORB as regards the interpretation of the term “limit of the annual effective dose of manmade individual exposure” and the health physics limiting the content of artificial radionuclides in solid materials for their unrestricted use. In current Radiation Safety Standards, NRB-99/2009 (paragraph 3.1.5.), in contrast to the Federal Law of 09.01.1996 No 3-FZ “On the Public Radiation Protection” and provisions of draft International Basic Safety Standards, annual effective dose means gross effective dose of external and internal exposure, received for the calendar year. The article describes the situation where the doses of a conditional worker do not exceed the dose limits in a single calendar year, i.e. < 50 mSv, however, for any arbitrarily taken time interval equal to one year, the annual dose limit of 50 mSv is repeatedly exceeded. Therefore, the following amendment is proposed to be made in new version of the NRB: “Annual effective dose means the sum of the effective external dose received for any arbitrarily taken time interval equal to one year and the ambient effective internal dose due to the intake of radionuclides in the body over the same period”. In current Basic Health Rules for Radiation Safety, OSPORB 99/2010, Annex 3 “The Specific Activities of Artificial Radionuclides, at which Unrestricted Use of Materials is Permitted” does not include the uranium isotopes 234U, 235U and 238U; this contradicts paragraph 5.2.10 of OSPORB-99/2010, according to which these isotopes should be attributed to manmade radiation sources.  The article justifies the expediency of establishing the upper value of the specific activity of 1 Bq/g for the main uranium radionuclides in solid materials in case of their unlimited use. The supplement of Appendix 3 is proposed to the new version of the OSPORB with uranium isotopes 234U, 235U, 238U, setting the standard for their specific activity of 1 Bq/g in solid materials for unlimited use.

scholarly journals Review on the diagnosis and antibiotic therapy of otitis media in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
S. Abdullahi ◽  
A.S. Ahmad ◽  
B. Abdulkadir ◽  
Y. Kabir ◽  
S. Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Environmental Radioactivity ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Measurement of background radiation is of great interest for it provides useful information in monitoring environmental radioactivity. The aim of the present study is to provide information and generate database on the natural background radiation dose levels of densely populated Queen Amina Hall, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The radiation dose (outdoor and indoor dose rate) were measured at 29 rooms (Block 1- 4) and their compounds using RADOS survey meter held at 1m above the ground. The measured radiation dose ranged 0.13 nGyh-1 to 0.43 nGyh-1 and 0.54 nGyh-1 to 1.72 nGyh-1 1 for indoor and outdoor respectively. Some of the high values recorded could be attributed due to the contribution of cosmic radiation emanating from the atmosphere as well as the geological settings of the location as there is no any artificial contributing factor within the area. The annual effective doses within the study area was found to be 0.01 mSvy-1 throughout which is quit below the world average value of 0.87 mSvy-1 for natural sources. Keywords: Radiation dose, Annual effective dose, RADOS meter, Queen Amina

scholarly journals Measurement of Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Level and Annual Effective Dose in and Around Nuggihalli-Holenarasipura Schist Belts, Karnataka State, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1-Feb) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Niranjan R S ◽  
Ningappa C ◽  
Nandakumar V ◽  
Harshavardhana C N
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radiation Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Karnataka State ◽  
Gamma Radiations ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

All individual living beings on the earth are exposed continuously to the radiations coming from terrestrial and extraterrestrial sources and also from their own bodies. The indoor and outdoor ambient gamma radiations are measured in and around Nuggihalli- Holenarasipura schist belts of Hassan district in Karnataka state. The measurements are carried out using the environment radiation dosimeter UR 705 which is a portable detector. Absorbed dose rate and annual effective dose rate are estimated by measuring the exposure rate. The total annual effective dose calculated from both indoor and outdoor varies from 0.68 to1.62 mSv.y-1 with an average value of 1.16 mSv.y-1. The calculated indoor and outdoor annual effective doses are found to be higher than the world average.

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