scholarly journals Drug Related Problems and Complications of Bacterial Meningitis Admitted to Pediatrics Ward in Developing Country

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
bezie Kebede ◽  
abinet abebe
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
Admission Diagnosis ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Drug Related Problem ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein

Abstract Background: Bacterial meningitis is considered a medical emergency and it is a life-threatening infection that requires immediate treatment. However, even with an early diagnostic approach and adequate treatment with effective antibiotics, death and different complications may occur.Objective: This study aimed to assess drug related problems and its association on bacterial meningitis related complication.Method: A prospective hospital-based observational study was conducted at the pediatric ward of Hiwot Fana Specialized teaching hospital, Harar. This study was conducted longitudinally for consecutive one year from December 30/2019-Juanuary 1/2021 admitted to pediatrics ward. All pediatrics admitted with the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. To identify independent predictors of bacterial meningitis related complication, binary logistic regression model were used using STATA, version 14.2. Stastical significance was declared at p<0.05Result: After 1 year follow up, 384 children were included in this study with a response rate of 98.1%. Males(55.73%) outnumbered. The mean age and cerebrospinal fluid protein were 5.01±0.19 and 60.5±4.53 respectively. Nearly half of the child had co-morbidity in addition to admission diagnosis, meningitis. Two hundred twenty four(58.33%) patients exposed to at least one type of drug related problem. One hundred twenty one (31.51%) children were developed bacterial meningitis related complications. Drug related problem(AOR=6.26, 95%CI: 3.58-10.93), cerebrospinal fluid protein(AOR=9.38, 95%CI: 9.81.9-96), age(AOR=0.01, 95%CI: 0.13-0.19), duration of illness(AOR=) and co-morbidity(AOR=13.18, 95%CI: 1.81-5.6) were absolutely associated with the occurrence of complication. Conclusion: Drug related problem and associated complications were substantial among children admitted with meningitis. This study identified significant association between drug related problem and complication. Health professional shall prevent drug related problem to prevent associated complication.

IDENTIFIKASI DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS PADA PASIEN AUTIS DI RUMAH SAKIT X KOTA YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Ruri Renggani Sandra ◽  
Della Midi Wardhani ◽  
Woro Supadmi
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
Drug Information ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Related Problem ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Drugs Interaction

   Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) adalah gangguan perkembangan saraf dengan penyebab yang kompleks dari banyak fakor Penggunaan obat pada pasien autis harus dimonitoring untuk mencegah terjadinya drug related problems. Intervensi farmasis dengan mengidentifikasi kejadian drug related problem adalah kegiatan pelayanan asuhan kefarmasian untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan terapi. Penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan pengumpulan data secara retrospektif berdasarkan data rekam medik. Evaluasi kejadian drug related problems meliputi indikasi yang tidak diterapi, terapi tanpa indikasi, pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat, overdosis, under dosis, adverse drug reactions dan interaksi obat. Literatur yang digunakan sebagai acuan adalah Drug Information Handbook, 18thed, Stockley Drug Interaction, Drugs Interaction Facts 2001, dan Pharmacotherapy A Pathophysiologic Approach 2005 dan jurnal yang relevan.   Hasil penelitian diperoleh pasien dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki 20 pasien (77%), perempuan 6 pasien (23%). Usia antara 6-11 tahun yaitu 15 pasien (58%), 1-5 tahun terdapat 9 pasien (34%), usia <1 tahun dan 12-17 tahun masing-masing sebanyak 1 pasien (4%). Penyakit penyerta ISPA merupakan kasus yang paling banyak terjadi, terbanyak kedua adalah epilepsi dan gastroenteritis akut (GEA). Kejadian DRPs Indikasi tidak diterapi 9%, Terapi tanpa indikasi 9%, Pemilihan obat tidak tepat 9%, Over dosis 31%, Under dosis 33% dan interaksi obat 9%.   Terdapat 24 pasien ( 92,3%) yang mengalami DRPs potensial dan 2 pasien (7,7%) yang tidak mengalami. Kriteria DRPs dengan persentase tertinggi adalah under dosis sebanyak 33% dan over dosis sebanyak 31%.

scholarly journals Clinical Prognosis in Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis: The Role of Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0141620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jintong Tan ◽  
Juan Kan ◽  
Gang Qiu ◽  
Dongying Zhao ◽  
Fang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI DRPs (DRUG RELATED PROBLEMs) PENDERITA ISPA PASIEN PEDIATRIK DI INSTALASI FARMASI RUMAH SAKIT

WARTA FARMASI ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Musdalipah Musdalipah ◽  
Eny Nurhikma ◽  
Sartika Sartika
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
Dose Interval ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Related Problem ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Random Method

ABSTRAK Drug Related Problem (DRP) atau masalah terkait obat adalah bagian dari asuhan kefarmasian (parmaceutical care) yang menggambarkan suatu keadaan, dimana profesional kesehatan (apoteker) menilai adanya ketidaksesuaian pengobatan dalam mencapai terapi yang sesungguhnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi DRPs penderita ISPA (Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut) di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit kota Kendari dengan kategori polifarmasi, interaksi obat dan interval dosis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional, sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah resep pasien pediatrik yang menderita ISPA. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode acak sederhana. Data diolah secara deskriptif dan di jabarkan dalam bentuk narasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan identifikasi DRPs (Drug Related Problems) dari 30 pasien penderita ISPA di temukan 11 (36,66%) pasien (43,33%) mengalami DRPs kategori polifarmasi, dan 4 pasien (13,33%) mengalami DRPs kategori interval dosis dan tidak di temukan DPRs kategori interaksi obat. Kata Kunci     : DRPs, Peresepan, ISPA, Pediatrik   ABSTRACT Drug Related Problem (DRP) is a part of pharmaceutical care that describes a situation in which the health professional (pharmacist) assesses a treatment discrepancy in achieving actual therapy. The purpose of this research was identification patient of ISPA (Acute Respiratory Infection) at Pharmacy Installation of Kendari Hospital with Polifarmacy category, drug interaction and dose interval. This research uses descriptive method with Cross Sectional approach, the sample in this research is recipe of pediatric patient suffering from ARI. Sampling using simple random method. Data is processed descriptively and described in the form of narration. The results of this study indicate that based on the identification of DRPs (Drug Related Problems) it can be concluded that from 30 patients with respiratory infection found 11 patients (36.66%) experienced DRPs polifarmation category, and 4 patients (13.33%) experienced DRPs category interval Dose and not found DPRs drug interaction category. Keywords : DRPs, Prescribing, ISPA, Child

scholarly journals Analisis Hubungan Polifarmasi Dan Interaksi Obat Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan Yang Mendapat Obat Hipertensi Di Rsp. Dr. Ario Wirawan Periode Januari-Maret 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamtiar Parulian Parulian ◽  
Ening Listyanti ◽  
Anita Kumala Hati ◽  
Istianatus Sunnah
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Antihypertensive Drug Therapy ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Drug Related Problem ◽  
Spearman Test

Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang umum di negara berkembang. Riskesdas tahun 2013 menyatakan bahwa prevalensi hipertensi secara  umum diindonesia sebesar 26,5% dengan proporsi  serbesar berada di Jawa Tengah yaitu 57,89%. Polifarmasi secara signifikan bisa meningkatkan resiko interaksi obat dimana interaksi obat merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam drug related problem yang dapat mempengaruhi outcome terapi pasien. Interaksi obat merupakan satu dari delapan kategori masalah terkait obat (drug-related problem) yang dapat mempengaruhi outcome klinis pasien, dengan meningkatnya kompleksitas obat-obat yang digunakan dalam pengobatan saat ini dan kecenderungan terjadinya praktik polifarmasi, maka kemungkinan terjadinya interaksi obat semakin besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan interaksi obat dalam resep polifarmasi pada pasien yang mendapat terapi obat antihipertensi di instalasi farmasi RSP dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara retrospektif dengan menggunakan  resep pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Paru Ario Wirawan Salatiga periode Januari-Maret 2019  sebanyak 72 sampel yang termasuk ke dalam kriteria inklusi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan Drug Interaction Facts dan di analisis dengan Spearman test. Diperoleh data bahwa jumlah interaksi obat-obat yang terjadi (51,39%). Pola mekanisme yang terbanyak adalah farmakokinetik (53,97%) dengan tingkat keparahan yang terbanyak adalah minor (42,86%). Hasil menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara jumlah obat dengan kejadian interaksi (r=0,986, p=000) adanya hubungan yang sangat signifikan.Kata kunci : Interaksi Obat, polifarmasi, terapi obat hipertensi.Hypertension is a common problem in developing countries. Based on the basic health research  in 2013, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia was 26.5% with a large proportion in Central Java at 57.89%. Polypharmacy can significantly increase the risk of drug interactions where drug interactions are an important factor in drug related problems that can affect the outcome of patient therapy. Drug interaction is one of eight categories of drug-related problems that can affect a patient's clinical outcome. Increasing complexity of the drugs used in current treatment will raise the tendency for polypharmacy to occur, resulting higher chance for the drug interaction possibility.This study is aimed to find relationship of drug interactions with polypharmacy prescriptions by patients receiving antihypertensive drug therapy in Dr. Ario Wirawan Hospital. This study was conducted retrospectively using the outpatient prescription that entered the inclusion criteria at Dr. Ario Wirawan Hospital Salatiga. A total of 72 samples that included in the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed descriptively using Drug Interaction Facts and analyzed by Spearman test. Result showed that the number of drug interactions that occurred (51,39%). The most mechanism pattern of the drug interaction was pharmacokinetics (53,97%) with the highest severity level being minor (42,86%). This study showed that there is a a very significant correlation between the number of drugs and interactions (r = 0.986, p = 000).Keywords : Drug interactions, polypharmacy, hypertension drug therapy  

scholarly journals Magnitude and determinants of drug-related problems among patients admitted to medical wards of southwestern Ethiopian hospitals: A multicenter prospective observational study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248575
Author(s):  
Firomsa Bekele ◽  
Tesfaye Tsegaye ◽  
Efrem Negash ◽  
Ginenus Fekadu
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Drug Related Problem ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Study Participants

Background Drug-related problem (DRP) is an event involving drugs that can impact the patient’s desired goal of therapy. In hospitalized patients, DRPs happen during the whole process of drug use such as during prescription, dispensing, administration, and follow-up of their treatment. Unrecognized and unresolved DRPs lead to significant drug-related morbidity and mortality. Several studies conducted in different hospitals and countries showed a high incidence of DRPs among hospitalized patients. Despite the available gaps, there were scanties of studies conducted on DRPs among patients admitted to medical wards in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study assessed the magnitude of drug-related problems and associated factors among patients admitted to the medical wards of selected Southwestern Ethiopian hospitals. Patients and methods A multicenter prospective observational study was conducted at medical wards of Mettu Karl Hospital, Bedele General Hospital and Darimu General Hospital. Adult patients greater than 18 years who were admitted to the non-intensive care unit (ICU) of medical wards and with more than 48 h of length of stay were included. Identified DRPs were recorded and classified using the pharmaceutical care network Europe foundation classification system and adverse drug reaction was assessed using the Naranjo algorithm of adverse drug reaction probability scale. Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale was used to measure medication adherence. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between the dependent variable and independent variables. Result Of the 313 study participants, 178 (56.9%) were males. The prevalence of actual or potential DRPs among study participants taking at least a single drug was 212 (67.7%). About 125 (36.63%) patients had one or more co-morbid disease and the average duration of hospital stay of 7.14 ± 4.731 days. A total of 331 DRPs were identified with an average 1.06 DRP per patient. The three-leading categories of DRPs were unnecessary prescription of drugs 92 (27.79%), non-adherence (17.22%) and dose too high (16.92%). The most common drugs associated with DRPs were ceftriaxone (28.37%), cimetidine (14.88%), and diclofenac (14.42%). The area of residence (AOR = 2.550, 95CI%: 1.238–5.253, p = 0.011), hospital stay more than 7 days (AOR = 9.785, 95CI%: 4.668–20.511, p≤0.001), poly pharmacy (AOR = 3.229, 95CI%: 1.433–7.278, p = 0.005) were predictors of drug-related problem in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Conclusion The magnitude of drug therapy problems among patients admitted to the medical wards of study settings was found to be high. Therefore, the clinical pharmacy services should be established in hospitals to tackle the DTPs in this area. Additionally, healthcare providers of hospitals also should create awareness for patients seeking care from health facilities of the importance of rational drug usage.

scholarly journals Assessment of Drug Related Problems among Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Follow up at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haymen Abdulmalik ◽  
Yohannes Tadiwos ◽  
Nanati Legesse
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Drug Related Problem

Abstract Objectives: To assess drug related problem among patients with type 2 diabetes at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital Results: In this study, a total of 148 patient medication records were included. More than half, 83(57.4%) were males and the rest 65(42.6%) were females. The mean age of the study participant’s was 51.26 ± 7.08. Around one third (74.3%) of the participants had urban residency. A total of 127 drug related problems were identified, of which dosage too low was the most common type of DRP encountered, 47(37%), followed by unnecessary drug therapy, 25(19.7%) and ineffective drug therapy, 25(19.7%). 95(64.2%) of the patients had at least one drug related problem. Among patients with DRP, more than half of them, 59 (62.1%) had a single DRP. Out of the total participants, 85(57.4%) of them were taking one anti-diabetic medication and 63(42.6%) of them dual anti-diabetic medications. Only half of the patients have attained the desired FBG level. There was no patient who had experienced more than two types of drug related problems at a time. Less than 10% of patients were taking five or more drugs at a time. Key Words: Diabetes mellitus, Drug therapy problem, Hiwot fana specialized university hospital.

Drug-Related Admissions to a Veterans' Administration Psychiatric Unit

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald B. Salem ◽  
Terence M. Keane ◽  
James G. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Related Problem ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Veterans Administration ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Unit ◽  
Drug Related Problem ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

Forty-one consecutive admissions to an inpatient psychiatric service were monitored prospectively for drug-related problems. During the four-month study, 22 (54 percent) of the admissions were determined to be drug-related; in 12 (29 percent) admissions, a drug-related problem was identified as the primary cause of hospitalization. Significant differences were found in the length of hospitalization, age, and race when the group with drug-related problems was compared with a group with non-drug-related problems.

scholarly journals Drug-related problems in Ethiopian public healthcare settings: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110097
Author(s):  
Yohanes Ayele ◽  
Zelalem Tilahun Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Drug Related Problem ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Identification and prevention of drug-related problems have become the central role of patient-centered pharmacy practitioners. After the initiation of patient-oriented pharmacy service, many studies evaluating magnitude of drug-related problems at facility level in Ethiopia have been conducted, though the extent of the problem at a national level remains unknown. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis is undertaken with the aim of quantifying the prevalence of drug-related problems in Ethiopian public healthcare settings using Cipolle/Strand classification system. Electronic databases were searched including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE and HINARI, Google Scholar and ResearchGate for both published and unpublished works. Data on study characteristics and outcomes were extracted using the format developed on Microsoft Excel. The primary measure was the pooled prevalence of drug-related problems. The meta-analysis was conducted using OpenMeta[Analyst].A total of 17 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of drug-related problems of patients who experienced at least one drug-related problem during their therapy was found to be 69.4% (95% confidence interval: 61.5–77.4). The most frequently reported types of drug-related problems were “need for additional drug and “noncompliance,” together accounting for more than half of the drug-related problems. The most frequently reported factors associated with drug-related problems were patients’ age, polypharmacy, comorbidities and the number days of hospital stay.The prevalence of drug-related problems in Ethiopian public healthcare settings was found to be high. Inconsistent reporting of drug-related problems was observed across the studies. It is imperative to design and implement interventions aimed at reducing drug-related problems. Responsible stakeholders should adopt uniform drug-related problem classification approach to ensure uniform reporting of drug-related problems in Ethiopian healthcare settings

scholarly journals Assessment of Drug Related Problems among Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Follow up at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haymen Abdulmalik ◽  
Yohannes Tadiwos ◽  
Nanati Legesse
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Drug Related Problem

Abstract Objectives: To assess drug related problem among patients with type 2 diabetes at Hiwot Fana Specialized University HospitalResults: In this study, a total of 148 patient medication records were included. More than half, 83(57.4%) were males and the rest 65(42.6%) were females. The mean age of the study participant’s was 51.26 ± 7.08. Around one third (74.3%) of the participants had urban residency. A total of 127 drug related problems were identified, of which dosage too low was the most common type of DRP encountered, 47(37%), followed by unnecessary drug therapy, 25(19.7%) and ineffective drug therapy, 25(19.7%). 95(64.2%) of the patients had at least one drug related problem. Among patients with DRP, more than half of them, 59 (62.1%) had a single DRP. Out of the total participants, 85(57.4%) of them were taking one anti-diabetic medication and 63(42.6%) of them dual anti-diabetic medications. Only half of the patients have attained the desired FBG level. There was no patient who had experienced more than two types of drug related problems at a time. Less than 10% of patients were taking five or more drugs at a time. Key Words: Diabetes mellitus, Drug therapy problem, Hiwot fana specialized university hospital.

scholarly journals Assessment of Drug-Related Problems among Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Follow up at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haymen Abdulmalik ◽  
Yohannes Tadiwos ◽  
Nanati Legesse
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Key Words Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Drug Related Problem

Abstract Objectives: To assess the drug-related problem among patients with type 2 diabetes at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital Results: In this study, a total of 148 patient medication records were included. More than half, 83(57.4%) were men and the rest 65(42.6%) were women. The mean age of the study participants was 51.26 ± 7.08. Around one third (74.3%) of the participants had urban residency. A total of 127 drug-related problems were identified, of which dosage too low was the most common type of DRP encountered, 46(36.2%), followed by unnecessary drug therapy, 25(19.7%) and ineffective drug therapy, 25(19.7%). 95(64.2%) of the patients had at least one drug-related problem. Among patients with DRP, more than half of them, 59 (62.1%) had a single DRP. Out of the total participants, 85(57.4%) of them were taking one anti-diabetic medication and 63(42.6%) of them dual anti-diabetic medications. Only half of the patients have attained the desired FBG level. There was no patient who had experienced more than two types of drug-related problems at a time. Less than 10% of patients were taking five or more drugs at a time. Key Words: Diabetes mellitus, Drug therapy problem, Hiwot Fana specialized university hospital.

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