scholarly journals Vermicompost Leachate, Seaweed Extract and Smoke-Water Alleviate Drought Stress in Cowpea By Influencing Phytochemicals, Compatible Solutes and Photosynthetic Pigments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mxolisi Peter Voko ◽  
Manoj G Kulkarni ◽  
Nelson Ngoroyemoto ◽  
Shubhpriya Gupta ◽  
Jeffrey F Finnie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Staple Crops ◽  
Smoke Water ◽  
Vermicompost Leachate

Abstract Drought is a major constraint for agricultural production worldwide and is likely to become aggravated by global warming. It can induce land degradation, exorbitant food prices and menace livelihoods. Approaches for retaining optimal yield, especially in rainfed staple crops such as cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) are paramount. Biostimulants; vermicompost leachate (VCL), seaweed extract [Kelpak® (KEL)] and smoke-water (SW) have exhibited effective amelioration for plants under abiotic stresses, however, research on cowpea remains scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of seed priming of cowpea with VCL, KEL and SW on the growth, photosynthesis and biochemical levels in cowpea cultivated under three watering regimes. SW treatment amplified growth variables (i.e., foliage, shoot height, root length and number of flowers) of water-stressed cowpeas. KEL- and VCL-treated seeds significantly augmented shoot and nodules production by 2 and 4-fold respectively, compared to the control. Leaf carbohydrates and photosynthetic pigments in KEL- and SW-treated plants increased considerably under severe water deficits, while leaf proteins decreased by more than 3-fold. The biostimulants also lowered phenolic and flavonoid concentrations. Increasing and decreasing levels of soluble sugars, proteins, photosynthetic pigments, phenolics and flavonoids indicate stress alleviation and osmotic adjustment to water deficits. These biostimulants are a suitable alternative to improve soil fertility, growth, and yield of staple crops under water stress conditions.

Growth stimulation effects of smoke-water and vermicompost leachate on greenhouse grown-tissue-cultured ‘Williams’ bananas

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyemi O. Aremu ◽  
Manoj G. Kulkarni ◽  
Michael W. Bairu ◽  
Jeffrey F. Finnie ◽  
Johannes Van Staden
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Smoke Water ◽  
Vermicompost Leachate

scholarly journals The effect of foliar application of seaweed extract on potato

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
Paavo Kuisma
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Potato Growth ◽  
Commercial Seaweed Extract ◽  
Short Growing Season

The effect of foliar application of commercial seaweed extract on potato growth was studied in long-day conditions (60° 10' N 25°00' E) characterized by a cool and short growing season. The results showed that neither the doses, 0, 5, 10, 20 l/ha nor the spraying 24, 45, 58 days after the emergence had any remarkable influence on potato growth and yield if the other preconditions of production are in order. Only small, although insignificant benefit could be obtained with application done three weeks after emergence, clearly before tuber initiation.

scholarly journals Smoke-water and a Smoke-isolated Butenolide Improve Growth and Yield of Tomatoes under Greenhouse Conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj G. Kulkarni ◽  
Glendon D. Ascough ◽  
Johannes Van Staden
Keyword(s):  
Growth Yield ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Smoke Water

Smoke shows promising results in stimulating germination and vigor. The biologically active butenolide compound isolated from smoke has potential to become a valuable tool in horticulture. ‘Heinz-1370’ tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings showed a positive response to smoke and were therefore tested with smoke-water and butenolide for growth, yield, and nutritional composition. Smoke-water (1:500, by volume) treatment showed the maximum height, number of leaves, and stem thickness from 57 to 78 days after sowing. The percentage of plants with fruit from 85 to 95 days after sowing was much higher with the application of smoke-water and butenolide solution than in the control. The total number of marketable fruit was significantly greater (P ≤ 0.05) for smoke-water–treated (1:500, by volume) tomato plants (168) than for the control (124). Butenolide and the lower concentration of smoke-water (1:2000, by volume) yielded more fruit, but was not significantly (P ≥ 0.05) different from the control. In spite of achieving a greater number of fruit, smoke treatments did not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) change the size, weight, and nutritional composition (ascorbic acid, β-carotene, lycopene, and total soluble solids) of fruit. The harvest indices of smoke-water– and butenolide-treated plants significantly improved (P ≤ 0.05), suggesting the possible use of smoke technology for tomato cultivation.

scholarly journals Waterlogging effects on some antioxidant enzymes activities and yield of three wheat promising lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Fereshteh ALIZADEH-VASKASI ◽  
Hemmatollah PIRDASHTI ◽  
Ali CHERATI ARAEI ◽  
Sara SAADATMAND
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
N 93 ◽  
Peroxidase Enzymes

<p>Waterlogging is one of the most important environmental stresses that have negative effects on wheat growth and yield. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of waterlogging (0, 7, 14 and 21 d) at tillering (ZG21) and stem elongation (ZG31) stages on the content of photosynthetic pigments, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes, grain yield and yield components of three wheat promising lines (N-93-19, N-93-9 and N-92-9). Increasing waterlogging stress reduce the photosynthetic pigments contents and the activity of catalase enzyme while increase the proline content, MDA, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzymes in three wheat genotypes in both tillering and stem elongation stages. Waterlogging also reduced yield and yield components in three wheat genotypes. The results showed that N-92-9 genotype had better response than other two genotypes in all studied traits under waterlogging conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Mitigation of Cadmium Induced Oxidative Stress by Using Organic Amendments to Improve the Growth and Yield of Mash Beans [Vigna mungo (L.)]

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2152
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umer Chattha ◽  
Warda Arif ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Walid Soufan ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Chattha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Press Mud ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Cadmium (Cd) stress is a serious environmental hazard that has devastating impacts on plant growth and productivity. Moreover, the entrance of Cd into the human food chain by eating Cd-contaminated food also poses serious health issues. Organic amendments (OA) possess an excellent potential to reduce the adverse impacts of Cd stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the potential of different OA in improving the mash beans growth and yield grown under Cd-contaminated soil. The soil was spiked with different concentrations of Cd (0, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and subjected to different OA, i.e., control, cow manure (5%), sugarcane press mud (5%) and a combination of cow manure (2.5%) and sugarcane press mud (2.5%). Results indicated that Cd stress induced a significant reduction in growth and yield traits, leaf water status, photosynthetic pigments, protein accumulation and anti-oxidant activities. However, the application of OA appreciably reduced the Cd-induced toxic effects and caused a significant increase in growth and yield. The application of 5% sugarcane press mud remained the top performer and it increased the mash bean growth and yield through improved photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status (56%) and reduced Cd uptake (18%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production (38.52%), electrolyte leakage (EL) (42.13%) malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation (55.88%) and increased accumulation of soluble protein (60.15%) and free amino acids (54%) through improved activities of anti-oxidant enzymes. Therefore, these findings suggested that the application of sugarcane press mud enhanced the growth and yield through reduced Cd accumulation, enhanced photosynthetic pigments, leaf water status, protein and amino accumulation and reduced H2O2, EL and MDA accumulation through a stronger anti-oxidant defense system.

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