scholarly journals A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of Autologous Adipose-derived Stem Cell Transplantation to Promote Mechanical Stretch-induced Skin Regeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poh-Ching Tan ◽  
Pei-Chuan Chao ◽  
Chen Cheng ◽  
Chu-Hsin Chen ◽  
Ru-Lin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mechanical Stretch ◽  
Skin Regeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Skin Texture ◽  
Mechanical Stretching

Abstract Background: The regeneration response of skin to mechanical stretching in vivo has been explored in reconstructive surgery for repairing large-scale deformities. The ability of skin to regenerate limits the reconstructive outcome. Here, we propose an approach in which autologous adipose-derived stem cells and mechanical stretching are combined to overcome this limitation and promote skin regeneration.Methods: This randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial screened 22 participants undergoing tissue expansion with a presence of exhausted regeneration. Twenty eligible participants received intradermal injections with stromal vascular fraction (SVF) or placebo treatments. Follow-ups were conducted at 4, 8, and 12-weeks to assess efficacy and for 2-years to assess safety. The primary endpoint was the expanded skin thickness at 12 weeks. The secondary endpoints included the skin thickness at 4 and 8 weeks, the expansion index (EI) and the skin texture score at all visits. Results: The skin thickness of the SVF group was significantly higher than that of the control group at both 8 weeks (mean difference 0.78 [95% CI -1.43 to -0.11]; p = 0.018) and 12 weeks(0.65 [95% CI -1.30 to -0.01]; p = 0.046). In the SVF group, the increment of skin thickness was significant at 4 weeks (0.49 [95% CI -0.80 to -0.06]; p = 0.010) to 8 weeks (0.45 [95% CI -0.92 to 0.02]; p = 0.026) and maintained after 12 weeks, whereas that in the control group was reduced after 8 weeks (0.42 [95% CI -0.07 to 0.91]; p = 0.037). The SVF group showed higher EI increments than the control group (0.50 [95% CI -0.00 to 0.99]; p = 0.047). The skin texture scores in the SVF group were higher than those in the control group at 12 weeks. Histologically, the SVF-treated expanded skin showed more proliferating cells and blood vessels, and the volume of extracellular matrix increased. No severe adverse events occurred.Conclusions: Transplantation of autologous adipose-derived stem cells can expedite the potency of mechanical stretch-induced skin regeneration and provide clinical reconstruction with plentiful tissue. Trial registration: This trial was registered with Chinese Clinical Trial, ChiCTR2000039317 (registered 23 Oct 2020 - retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=62738).

scholarly journals A randomized, controlled clinical trial of autologous stromal vascular fraction cells transplantation to promote mechanical stretch-induced skin regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poh-Ching Tan ◽  
Pei-Chuan Chao ◽  
Chen Cheng ◽  
Chu-Hsin Chen ◽  
Ru-Lin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Mechanical Stretch ◽  
Skin Regeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Skin Texture ◽  
Mechanical Stretching

Abstract Background The regeneration response of the skin to mechanical stretching in vivo has been explored in reconstructive surgery to repair large-scale deformities. The ability of the skin to regenerate limits the reconstructive outcome. Here, we propose an approach in which autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells and mechanical stretching are combined to overcome this limitation and promote skin regeneration. Methods This randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial screened 22 participants undergoing tissue expansion with exhausted regeneration. Twenty eligible participants received intradermal injections of the SVF or placebo treatments. Follow-ups were conducted at 4, 8, and 12 weeks to assess efficacy and at 2 years to assess safety. The primary endpoint was the expanded skin thickness at 12 weeks. The secondary endpoints included skin thickness at 4 and 8 weeks, the expansion index (EI), and the skin texture score at 12 weeks. Results The skin thickness of the SVF group was significantly higher than that of the control group at both 8 weeks (mean difference 0.78 [95% CI − 1.43 to − 0.11]; p = 0.018) and 12 weeks (0.65 [95% CI − 1.30 to − 0.01]; p = 0.046). In the SVF group, the increase in skin thickness was significant at 4 weeks (0.49 [95% CI − 0.80 to − 0.06]; p = 0.010) to 8 weeks (0.45 [95% CI − 0.92 to 0.02]; p = 0.026) and maintained after 12 weeks, whereas that in the control group was reduced after 8 weeks (0.42 [95% CI − 0.07 to 0.91]; p = 0.037). The SVF group showed greater EI increases than the control group (0.50 [95% CI − 0.00 to 0.99]; p = 0.047). The skin texture scores in the SVF group were greater than those in the control group at 12 weeks. Histologically, SVF-treated expanded skin showed more proliferating cells and blood vessels, and the extracellular matrix volume increased. No severe adverse events occurred. Conclusions Transplantation of SVF cells can expedite the potency of mechanical stretch-induced skin regeneration and provide clinical reconstruction with plentiful tissue. Trial registration This trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000039317 (registered 23 October 2020—retrospectively registered).

scholarly journals The control of pain due to dentin hypersensitivity in individuals with molar–incisor hypomineralisation: a protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e044653
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Taboada Sobral ◽  
Elaine Marcilio Santos ◽  
Ana Cecilia Aranha ◽  
Paulo Vinícius Soares ◽  
Caroline Moraes Moriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation ◽  
Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Sensitive Teeth ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Incisor Hypomineralisation

IntroductionDentin hypersensitivity (DH) is defined as high sensitivity of the vital dentin when exposed to thermal, chemical or tactile stimuli. Two mechanisms are required for the occurrence of DH: (1) the dentin must be exposed and (2) the dentinal tubules must be open and connected to the pulp. Molar–incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a qualitative abnormality of a genetic origin that affects tooth enamel and, in most cases, is accompanied by DH. The control of tooth sensitivity is fundamental to the successful treatment of MIH. The aim of the proposed randomised, controlled, clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of different protocols for the control of DH in patients with teeth affected by MIH.Methods and analysisOne hundred and forty patients who meet the inclusion criteria will be allocated to four groups. Group 1 will be the control group (placebo). In Group 2, sensitive teeth will be sealed with PermaSeal (Ultradent). In Group 3, sensitive teeth will receive low-level laser (LLL, AsGaAl) at a wavelength of 780 nm (Laser XT Therapy, DMC, São Carlos, Brazil). In Group 4, sensitive teeth will be treated with both LLL and PermaSeal (Ultradent). DH will be evaluated 15 min after the application of the treatments and the patients will be reevaluated 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the treatments. The primary outcome of this study is change in pain/sensitivity, when evaluated through a Visual Analogue Scale, to determine the effectiveness of the proposed treatments, as well as differences among the evaluation times for each proposed treatment.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been ethically approved by the local medical ethical committee (protocol number: 4.020.261). Results will be submitted to international peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04407702.

scholarly journals The effect of oat bran consumption on gestational diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Barati ◽  
Mina Iravani ◽  
Majid Karandish ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Haghighizadeh ◽  
Sara Masihi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Oat Bran ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes is the most common medical complication in pregnancy, and it has many side effects for the mother and the fetus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oat bran consumption on gestational diabetes. Methods This study is a randomized clinical trial that was performed on 112 women with gestational diabetes treated with diet. Participants were randomly divided into two groups of 56. Participants in both groups were given a diet for gestational diabetes. In addition to the diet, the intervention group received 30 g of oat bran daily for 4 weeks at lunch and dinner. Tests of fasting blood glucose and two-hour postprandial (2hpp) glucose were taken from both groups: before the intervention, and 2 and 4 weeks after the start of the intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 22) using independent t-test, as well as Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean blood glucose before the intervention, while 2 and 4 weeks after the intervention, mean fasting blood glucose and two-hour postprandial (2hpp) glucose decreased significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion Based on the results of this study, the addition of oat bran to the standard diet for pregnant women with gestational diabetes reduced fasting blood glucose and two-hour postprandial (2hpp) glucose. More detailed studies with higher sample sizes are recommended to prove the effectiveness of this valuable dietary supplement. Trial registration IRCT registration number:IRCT20191220045828N1. Registration date: 2020-04-18. Registered while recruiting.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of oral hydroxyurea in transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia: a protocol for randomised double-blind controlled clinical trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e041958
Author(s):  
Nirmani Yasara ◽  
Nethmi Wickramarathne ◽  
Chamila Mettananda ◽  
Aresha Manamperi ◽  
Anuja Premawardhena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Fetal Haemoglobin

IntroductionDespite being one of the first diseases to be genetically characterised, β-thalassaemia remains a disorder without a cure in a majority of patients. Most patients with β-thalassaemia receive only supportive treatment and therefore have a poor quality of life and shorter life spans. Hydroxyurea, which has shown to induce fetal haemoglobin synthesis in human erythroid cells, is currently recommended for the treatment of sickle cell disease. However, its clinical usefulness in transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia is unclear. Here, we present a protocol for a randomised double-blind controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral hydroxyurea in transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia.Methods and analysisThis single-centre randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial is conducted at the Thalassaemia Centre of Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka. Adult and adolescent patients with haematologically and genetically confirmed transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia are enrolled and randomised into the intervention or control group. The intervention group receives oral hydroxyurea 10–20 mg/kg daily for 6 months, while the control group receives a placebo which is identical in size, shape and colour to hydroxyurea without its active ingredient. Transfused blood volume, pretransfusion haemoglobin level, fetal haemoglobin percentage and adverse effects of treatment are monitored during treatment and 6 months post-treatment. Cessation or reduction of blood transfusions during the treatment period will be the primary outcome measure. The statistical analysis will be based on intention to treat.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Ethics Committee of Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya (P/116/05/2018) and the trial is approved by the National Medicinal Regulatory Authority of Sri Lanka. Results of the trial will be disseminated in scientific publications in reputed journals.Trial registration numberSLCTR/2018/024; Pre-results.

scholarly journals A randomized controlled clinical trial of the effect of supportive counseling on mental health in Iranian mothers of premature infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Seiiedi-Biarag ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Khalil Esmaeilpour ◽  
Shirin Hasanpour
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Postpartum Bonding ◽  
Supportive Counseling

Abstract Background Premature birth can affect maternal mental health. Considering that the mental health disorder in mothers may play a vital role in the growth and development of their children, therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of supportive counseling on mental health (primary outcome), mother-child bonding and infant anthropometric indices (secondary outcomes) in mothers of premature infants. Methods This randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out on 66 mothers with hospitalized neonates in the NICU of Alzahra hospital in Tabriz- Iran. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups of intervention (n = 34) and control (n = 32) through a block randomization method. The intervention group received 6 sessions of supportive counseling (45–60 minutes each session) by the researcher, and the control group received routine care. Questionnaires of Goldberg General Health and the postpartum bonding were completed before the intervention (first 72 hours postpartum) and 8 weeks postpartum. Also, the anthropometric index of newborns were measured at the same time. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of socio-demographic characteristics. After the intervention, based on ANCOVA with adjusting the baseline score, mean score of mental health (AMD: -9.8; 95% Confident Interval (95% CI): -12.5 to -7.1; P < 0.001) and postpartum bonding (AMD: -10.0; 95% CI: -0.6 to 13.9; P < 0.001) in the counseling group was significantly lower than those of the control group; however, in terms of weight (P = 0.536), height (P = 0.429) and head circumference (P = 0.129), there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions Supportive counseling may improve mental health and postpartum bonding in mothers of premature infants. Thus, it may be recommendable for health care providers to offer it to mothers. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20120718010324N45. Date of registration: October 29, 2018.

Outcome of lymph node tuberculosis management with conventional treatment with and without prednisolone

2021 ◽  
pp. 004947552098474
Author(s):  
Arjuman Sharmin ◽  
Ali Hossain ◽  
Nazmul Islam ◽  
Zakir H Sarker ◽  
Sheikh S Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Lymph Node Tuberculosis ◽  
And Control

The outcome of lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) management with conventional anti-tubercular treatment alone is unsatisfactory. We conducted a randomised open-label controlled clinical trial in the Department of Respiratory Medicine in Government Institute of Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2017 to March 2019. Compared with controls, 54 patients of LNTB received category 1 anti-tubercular treatment with additional prednisolone after randomisation. Complete resolution in 21/54 (75%) and 7 (26.9%), symptomatic improvement in 26 (92.9%) and 22 (84.6%) and complications in 11 (39.28%) and 16 (61.53%) were observed in the treatment and control group, respectively. Thus, we recommend the use of steroids in this setting.

scholarly journals Supragingival plaque removal with and without dentifrice: a randomized controlled clinical trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio B. Zanatta ◽  
Raquel P. Antoniazzi ◽  
Tatiana M. P. Pinto ◽  
Cassiano K. Rösing
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Plaque Removal ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Removal Capacity

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of dental plaque removal by brushing with and without conventional dentifrice. Twenty-four students aged 17 to 28 years participated in this randomized controlled clinical trial. Quadrants 1-3 or 2-4 were randomly allocated to the test group (brushing without dentifrice) or control group (brushing with dentifrice). After 72 h of cessation of oral hygiene, Quigley & Hein (Turesky) plaque index was assessed before and after brushing by a calibrated and blind examiner. Overtime and intergroup comparisons were performed by Student's paired sample t-test at 5% significance level. The results showed that both groups after toothbrushing presented statistically significant reductions in plaque, with no differences between them (from 3.06 ± 0.54 to 1.27 ± 0.26 versus from 3.07 ± 0.52 to 1.31 ± 0.23). A separate analysis of the buccal and lingual aspects also showed no significant differences between groups. It may be concluded that the use of a conventional dentifrice during toothbrushing does not seem to enhance plaque removal capacity.

scholarly journals Curcumin nanomicelle versus curcumin improves lipid profile, stress oxidative factors and inflammatory markers in patients undergoing coronary elective angioplasty; A Randomized Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Helli ◽  
Hadis Gerami ◽  
Maria Kavianpour ◽  
Habib Heybar ◽  
Seyed Kianoosh Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Stress Oxidative

Abstract Background: Curcumin exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study, assess and compare curcumin and nano- curcumin effects on lipid profile, oxidative stress index and inflammatory factors of heart patients.Methods: This Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial conducted on 90 patients undergoing coronary elective angioplasty. Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups. The first group received a 500 mg capsule of curcumin daily. The second group received an 80 mg capsule of nano- curcumin daily. The placebo group also received capsules similar to curcumin for 8 weeks. Lipid profile, stress oxidative factors and inflammatory markers measured in baseline and end of the investigation.Results: At the end of study, statistically significant changes was seen in the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the intervention groups to the control group (p<0.05). These changes in the nano-curcumin group were greater than the curcumin group. Curcumin and nano-curcumin supplementation also caused a statistically significant improvement in plasma levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in comparison to the placebo (p<0.05).Conclusion: Complementary therapy of cardiovascular patients with curcumin and nano-curcumin supplements, could improve lipid profile, stress oxidative index and, inflammatory factors. The effects of curcumin on nano formula may be better for cardiac patients due to high bioavailability. However, further investigation is suggested in this regard.

scholarly journals Breakthroughs in Preclinical Development of Ataluren (PTC124) As Therapeutic Option for Patients Affected By Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome: Towards the First Clinical Trial

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 451-451
Author(s):  
Valentino Bezzerri ◽  
Antonio Vella ◽  
Elisabetta D'Aversa ◽  
Martina Api ◽  
Marisole Allegri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Bone Marrow Failure ◽  
Severe Neutropenia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nonsense Mutations ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Shwachman Diamond Syndrome

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is one of the more common inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS). Almost 90% of patients with SDS present mutations in the Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome gene (SBDS) which encodes for the homonymous small protein involved in ribogenesis. SDS is a multiple-organ disease mostly characterized by exocrine pancreas insufficiency, bone malformations, and more importantly bone marrow failure. Most patients with SDS present severe neutropenia, whereas thrombocytopenia and anemia are less frequent. Furthermore, 15-20% of patients develop myelodysplastic syndrome with high risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). STAT3 pathway is upregulated both in primary SDS leukocytes and immortalized B cells. Being STAT3 a key regulator of interleukin-6 (IL-6), we postulated that STAT3 hyper-activation could lead to a dysregulation of the IL-6 signaling cascade. Increased levels of IL-6 have been found in pediatric patients with AML and it has been associated with poorer outcomes in these patients, highlighting IL-6 as a cytokine potentially involved in the development of AML. Thus, our hypothesis is that STAT3-IL6 axis may contribute to leukemogenesis in SDS. Almost 55% of patients with SDS carry a specific nonsense mutations, namely the c.183-184TA&gt;CT, which cause a premature termination codon (PTC). Ataluren (PTC124, PTC Therapeutics Inc, NJ) is a small PTC suppressor molecule already approved by the European Medicines Agency as a therapeutic option for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Interestingly, we recently reported that ataluren can restore SBDS expression in bone marrow progenitors and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from patients with SDS. Moreover, we have shown that ataluren can reduce mTOR hyper-phosphorylation and excessive apoptotic rate observed in SDS leukocytes. More importantly, we reported that ataluren can improve myeloid differentiation in a small cohort of patients (Bezzerri et al, Am J Hematol 2018). In this further analysis considering an enlarged cohort of 20 SDS patients carrying nonsense mutations we found the following: Ataluren can significantly improve both myeloid colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) and colony-forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, monocyte, megakaryocyte (CFU-GEMM) generation from bone marrow mononuclear stem cells obtained from an enlarged cohort of 20 patients with SDS carrying nonsense mutations. Ataluren indeed almost doubled the number of CFU-GM and CFU-GEMM after 7 and 14 days of treatment.Colony-forming unit erythroid (CFU-E) generation was not affected by the treatment.Ataluren induces neutrophil maturation in SDS bone marrow mononuclear stem cells (mean increase of 61% CD16+ CD11b+ cells over untreated controls) after 24-48 hours of treatment.Consistently with STAT3 hyper-activation observed in SDS cells, here we show that patients with SDS present a significantly increased level of IL-6 in plasma (4.3-fold higher expression than the healthy control group). Also lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) and primary bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) obtained from patients with SDS show increased IL-6 release in culture supernatants compared to healthy controls (2.5-fold and 6.8-fold higher levels, respectively).Of note, ataluren can reduce IL-6 expression in SDS cells restoring normal levels both in LCL and MSC. In conclusion, these new data support the enrollment of patients for the first clinical trial for this drug in SDS. Furthermore, this study could pave the way for the use of ataluren for other nonsense mutation-mediated IBMFS where STAT3-IL6 axis and similar pro-leukemic pathways are involved. Disclosures Bezzerri: Marco Cipolli, Valentino Bezzerri, Baroukh Maurice Assael: Patents & Royalties: WO2018/050706 A1 "Method of treatment of Shwachman-Diamond syndrome". Cipolli:Marco Cipolli, Valentino Bezzerri, Baroukh Maurice Assael: Patents & Royalties: WO2018/050706 A1 "Method of treatment of Shwachman-Diamond syndrome".

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document