Operation of the World Master in the World Modeling System

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Barnett
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
pp. 191-212
Author(s):  
M. A. Dubova ◽  
N. A. Larina

The question of ways of creating a spatial continuum in the early stories of I. A. Bunin “On the wrong side”, “On the farm” and “On the Donets”, united by a single principle of nomination and included in the first book of the writer’s prose “To the end of the world” (1897) is considered in the article. The semantics of the title actualizes the spatial component of the author’s linguistic picture of the world, which determined the path of linguistic and stylistic analysis of the linguistic material of stories. The authors pay special attention to the means of lexical representation of space as one of the basic linguo-cognitive categories. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the language material has been identified, systematized and described, which makes it possible to determine the individual author's characteristics in the creation of the spatial continuum of I. A. Bunin’s early stories. The relevance of the study is due to the appeal to the problems of cognitive linguistics. On the basis of statistical, descriptive and linguo-cognitive methods of analysis, the authors identify and describe the means of lexical representation of the spatial model created in the stories of I. A. Bunin, which is characterized by a clear structuredness and individuality of the author’s approach. In the course of the study, the authors come to conclusions that make it possible to characterize the features of the construction of space in the early stories of the writer, taking into account the individual characteristics of the author's world modeling, and also to analyze the linguistic parameters of the idiostyle of I. A. Bunin.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Shchurina ◽  
◽  
M.V. Vyrupaeva ◽  

The article presents the results of a linguistic associative chain experiment to identify the associative field of the basic concept of Russian culture – “Native Land”. Residents of the Trans-Baikal Territory participated in the experiment. The study is of interest because of the border location of the region, its polyenticity, and polyconfessional nature. In addition to general cognitive meanings and their proportions, the results of the experiment allow us to identify language representatives and reactions to them, certain regional peculiarities of the world modeling.


Author(s):  
Хуа Ван

Введение. Рассматривается лексическая и миромоделирующая активность единиц лексико-семантической группы «Части тела» ‒ соматизмов, находящая отражение в текстах русских народных пословиц. Особенности семантики и прагматики соматизмов, обусловливающие специфику их функционирования в фольклорном тексте, позволяют определять соматическую лексику в качестве маркеров национальной идентичности. Целью исследования является изучение соматизмов, функционирующих в текстах русских народных пословиц, в аспекте реализации ими своего лексического и миромоделирующего потенциала. Материал и методы. В качестве материала исследования привлекаются тексты русских народных пословиц, содержащих лексемы-соматизмы. Принцип отбора эмпирического материала ‒ на основании сплошной выборки наиболее частотно встречающихся соматических единиц из текстов. Методологию исследования составляют методы наблюдения, количественного анализа, лексико-семантического анализа с привлечением элементов дискурсивного и концептуального анализа. Результаты и обсуждение. Соматизмы, значение которых строится на основе смыслов антропоморфности, играют значительную роль в формировании представления о человеке в языковой и концептуальной картине мира. Концептуальный смысл соматизмов проявляется неодинаково в разных лингвокультурах. При наличии универсальных, константных характеристик, свойственных всем этносам, наблюдается присутствие трактовок, обусловленных спецификой той или иной культуры. Это становится очевидным при сопоставлении случаев функционирования соматизмов в текстах русских и китайских пословиц: названные лингвокультуры чрезвычайно различаются в культурном и языковом планах. Выявлено, что наибольшим лексическим и миромоделирующим потенциалом, судя по текстам пословиц, в русской языковой картине мира обладают соматизмы голова, рука, глаза. За каждой соматической лексемой закреплен конкретный концептуальный смысл, важной составляющей частью которого является аксиологический компонент «ценность». Так, соматизм голова интерпретируется как «ценность интеллекта», рука ‒ «ценность жизненной активности», глаза ‒ «ценность личного участия». В меньшем количестве в пословицах присутствуют соматизмы волосы, ноги, рот, язык, нос. В этом перечне в первую очередь очевидны такие интерпретации, как ноги, символизирующие «ценность мобильности», и волосы ‒ маркер антиценности «внешнего» в противовес ценности «внутреннего». Заключение. Изучение соматизмов в аспекте рассмотрения их лексической и миромоделирующей активности, проявляющейся в фольклорных текстах (в данном случае в пословицах), позволяет формировать представление о фрагментах языковой и концептуальной картины мира этноса. Introduction. The article is devoted to the consideration of the lexical and world-modeling activity of units of the lexical-semantic group «Parts of the body» - somatisms, which is reflected in the texts of Russian folk proverbs. The peculiarities of the semantics and pragmatics of somatisms, which determine the specifics of their functioning in a folklore text, make it possible to define somatic vocabulary as markers of national identity. Aim and objectives. The aim of the research is to study the somatisms that function in the texts of Russian folk proverbs, in the aspect of their realization of their lexical and world-modeling potential. Material and methods. As the research material, the texts of Russian folk proverbs containing somatism lexemes are used. The principle of selection of empirical material is based on a continuous sample of the most frequently encountered somatic units from texts. The research methodology consists of methods of observation, quantitative analysis, lexical and semantic analysis, with the involvement of elements of discourse and conceptual analysis. Results and discussion. Somatisms, the meaning of which is based on the meanings of anthropomorphism, play a significant role in the formation of the idea of a person in the linguistic and conceptual picture of the world. The conceptual meaning of somatisms is manifested differently in different linguocultures. In the presence of undoubted universal, constant characteristics inherent in all ethnic groups, there is a presence of interpretations due to the specificity of a particular culture. This becomes obvious when comparing the cases of the functioning of somatisms in the texts of Russian and Chinese proverbs: the named linguocultures are extremely different in cultural and linguistic terms. It was revealed that the greatest lexical and world-modeling potential, judging by the texts of proverbs, in the Russian linguistic picture of the world is possessed by the somatisms head, hand, and eyes. Each somatic lexeme has a specific conceptual meaning, an important component of which is the axiological component “value”. So, somatism, the head is interpreted as «the value of the intellect», the hand is the «value of vital activity», the eyes are the «value of personal participation.» In fewer proverbs, there are somatisms hair, legs, mouth, tongue, nose. In this list, interpretations such as legs, symbolizing the «value of mobility,» and hair, a marker of the anti-value of «external» as opposed to the value of «internal», are primarily evident. Conclusion. The study of somatisms in the aspect of considering their lexical and world-modeling activity, manifested in folklore texts (in this case, in proverbs), makes it possible to form an idea of fragments of the linguistic and conceptual picture of the world of an ethnic group.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 300-306
Author(s):  
Alfia I. Smirnova ◽  

The prose of the Central Asian writer Suhbat Aflatuni is analyzed in the article in the context of the concept of transculturation, which is based on the principle of interference in the interaction of different national cultures, when “cultural diversity and universality” become the “heritage” of one person (M. Epstein). To determine the specifics of the image of the world in the novel “Clay Letters, Floating Apples” (2005), the article aims to reveal the mechanism of interaction between different languages and cultural codes and to trace the world-modeling function of Russian-foreign bilingualism. The text of the novel-parable is complexly organized, it intertwines the events of the present and the past, united by the themes of the Teacher and students, the awakening of genetic memory and the acquisition of the lost ancient alphabet, the return to national spiritual origins as the life-giving moisture of life (the motive of the connection of “clay letters” and water as the source of life in the symbolism of the image of “floating apples”). Thanks to the fairy tale form of the narration and the stylized language based on Russian-foreign bilingualism, the effect of interference carried out “at the borders”, in the zone of inter-lingualism, the author manages to create a universal, syncretic image of the world that demonstrates the attachment of the writer's personality to many cultures. The artistic style of the novel resembles a bright ornament of an oriental carpet with cultural codes encrypted in the drawing – as a continuation of ancient national traditions. At the same time, the form of the parable, the mythologized space, images and motives, the special author's optics, which is based on Russian-foreign bilingualism, allow us to talk about the connection between the novel and the traditions of magical realism.


Reified Life ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 194-226
Author(s):  
J. Paul Narkunas

This chapter further outlines the concept of speculative fictions with Margaret Atwood’s MaddAddam trilogy. Atwood depicts a post-apocalyptic and posthuman future, where the speculative promise of financial capital and biotechnology has destroyed the world as we know it. Atwood diagnoses the human as a bioengineered product, the effect of the synergy of science, evangelical positivism, utilitarianism, and messianic faith in human innovation and market-based solutions in the creation of transgenic beings. The chapter describes Atwood as a writer of speculative fictions in her “ustopian” world modeling that challenges speculative capital’s instrumentalization of life as risk management. Atwood opposes life becoming rendered into an algorithmic game, a complex calculation that generates automated reasoning. Atwood demonstrates the importance of critiques of anthropocentrism and speciesism; however, she shows how they seemingly lack a concept of power except as anthropocentrism. If the concept of nonhistorical, fixed essences is challenged by what molecular biologists call morphogenesis and philosopher’s ontogenesis, recent advances in tissue engineering, stem cell research, and biotechnology rethink life as a non-anthropocentric process. Thinking humans ontologically as dynamically networked life and process—in short as ahuman—may frustrate life’s instrumentalization by the biotechs within free market capital.


2013 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 685-689
Author(s):  
Jian Rong Wang ◽  
Ya Long Yang ◽  
Jian Guo Wei ◽  
Mei Yu

World Model is the robots view of the world and contains information for the robot to make decisions. World Modeling is the process that robots map the sensor data into the World Model. The complexity of the sensors increased, so does the data process components. In this paper, an architecture for world modeling is proposed. This architecture enhances the extensibility of the data process components by decoupling them with a middleware, and it improves the efficiency by computing in parallel. The combination of this architecture and the PDDL will also be presented.


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