An Ocean Observing System for Large-Scale Monitoring and Mapping of Noise Throughout the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Clark ◽  
William T. Ellison ◽  
Leila T. Hatch ◽  
Richard L. Merrick ◽  
Sofie M. Van Parijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ocean Observing

Shifting ocean circulation warms the Subpolar North Atlantic since 2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Desbruyères ◽  
Léon Chafik ◽  
Guillaume Maze
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Ocean Heat Uptake ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Meridional Overturning ◽  
Ocean Observing

<p>The Subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA) is known for rapid reversals of decadal temperature trends, with ramifications encompassing the large-scale meridional overturning and gyre circulations, Arctic heat and mass balances, or extreme continental weather. Here, we combine datasets derived from sustained ocean observing systems (satellite and in situ), and idealized observation-based modelling (advection-diffusion of a passive tracer) and machine learning technique (ocean profile clustering) to document and explain the most-recent and ongoing cooling-to-warming transition of the SPNA. Following a gradual cooling of the region that was persisting since 2006, a surface-intensified and large-scale warming sharply emerged in 2016 following an ocean circulation shift that enhanced the northeastward penetration of warm and saline waters from the western subtropics. Driving mechanisms and ramification for deep ocean heat uptake will be discussed.</p>

An Ocean Observing System for Large-Scale Monitoring and Mapping of Noise Throughout the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Clark ◽  
William T. Ellison ◽  
Leila T. Hatch ◽  
Richard L. Merrick ◽  
Sofie M. Van Parijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ocean Observing

An Ocean Observing System for Large-Scale Monitoring and Mapping of Noise Throughout the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Clark ◽  
William T. Ellison ◽  
Leila T. Hatch ◽  
Richard L. Merrick ◽  
Sofie M. Van Parijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ocean Observing

An Ocean Observing System for Large-Scale Monitoring and Mapping of Noise Throughout the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Clark ◽  
William T. Ellison ◽  
Leila T. Hatch ◽  
Richard L. Merrick ◽  
Sofie M. Van Parijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ocean Observing

scholarly journals Bio-GO-SHIP: The Time Is Right to Establish Global Repeat Sections of Ocean Biology

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Clayton ◽  
Harriet Alexander ◽  
Jason R. Graff ◽  
Nicole J. Poulton ◽  
Luke R. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
And Function ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Ocean Observing

In this article, we present Bio-GO-SHIP, a new ocean observing program that will incorporate sustained and consistent global biological ocean observations into the Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP). The goal of Bio-GO-SHIP is to produce systematic and consistent biological observations during global ocean repeat hydrographic surveys, with a particular focus on the planktonic ecosystem. Ocean plankton are an essential component of the earth climate system, form the base of the oceanic food web and thereby play an important role in influencing food security and contributing to the Blue Economy. Despite its importance, ocean biology is largely under-sampled in time and space compared to physical and chemical properties. This lack of information hampers our ability to understand the role of plankton in regulating biogeochemical processes and fueling higher trophic levels, now and in future ocean conditions. Traditionally, many of the methods used to quantify biological and ecosystem essential ocean variables (EOVs), measures that provide valuable information on the ecosystem, have been expensive and labor- and time-intensive, limiting their large-scale deployment. In the last two decades, new technologies have been developed and matured, making it possible to greatly expand our biological ocean observing capacity. These technologies, including cell imaging, bio-optical sensors and 'omic tools, can be combined to provide overlapping measurements of key biological and ecosystem EOVs. New developments in data management and open sharing can facilitate meaningful synthesis and integration with concurrent physical and chemical data. Here we outline how Bio-GO-SHIP leverages these technological advances to greatly expand our knowledge and understanding of the constituents and function of the global ocean plankton ecosystem.

scholarly journals Technological Trends and Significance of the Essential Ocean Variables by the Indian Moored Observatories: Relevance to UN Decade of Ocean Sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Ramasamy Venkatesan ◽  
Manickavasagam Arul Muthiah ◽  
Narayanaswamy Vedachalam ◽  
Gopal Vengatesan ◽  
Krishnamoorthy Ramesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Ocean Observing

Abstract The ocean plays a key role in regulating the climate as well as supporting diverse ecosystems. Technology is the key for the sustained and precise in-situ spatio-temporal measurements of the physical, biological, biogeochemical, and near-atmospheric meteorological parameters essential for carrying out effective assessments of the status, variability, and change in the ocean ecosystems and for creating policies at the right time. The United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development 2021‐2030 provides a timeframe to build a comprehensive, sustainable, and data-based informed decision-making global ocean observing system. This demands global-scale investigations, trans-disciplinary science, and mechanisms to integrate and distribute data that otherwise would appear to be disparate. The essential ocean variables (EOVs) conceptualized by the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) of UNESCO's Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission guide observation of the ocean. In order to achieve the goal of UN Decade envisaged and to have an Earth System approach under the World Meteorological Organization reforms, it is imperative to address globally and nationally relevant indicators and assessments, which require increased sharing of data and analytical methods, sustained long-term and large-scale observations, and resources dedicated to these tasks. Technology for observing the ocean is important, which is not addressed in detail in the recent past. In this paper we provide a comprehensive overview of Sensor versus Essential Ocean Variable from our experience in sustained 25 years of moored ocean observation network and collaborating with institutions and experts in the United States and GOOS. An attempt has been made to furnish an overview for any group or nation to start or sustain an observation network using EOVs with guiding principles of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable data that is targeted to deliver essential information needed for sustainable development and protecting ocean health.

Assessment of the Upper-Ocean Observing System in the Equatorial Pacific: The Role of Argo in Resolving Intraseasonal to Interannual Variability

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1668-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Gasparin ◽  
Dean Roemmich ◽  
John Gilson ◽  
Bruce Cornuelle
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Optimal Interpolation ◽  
Upper Ocean ◽  
Spatial Covariance ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Independent Observations ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Ocean Observing

AbstractUsing more than 10 years of Argo temperature and salinity profiles (2004–14), a new optimal interpolation (OI) of the upper ocean in the equatorial Pacific is presented. Following Roemmich and Gilson’s procedures, which were formulated for describing monthly large-scale anomalies, here every 5 days anomaly fields are constructed with improvements in the OI spatial covariance function and by including the time domain. The comparison of Argo maps with independent observations, from the TAO/TRITON array, and with satellite sea surface height (SSH), demonstrates that Argo is able to represent around 70%–80% of the variance at intraseasonal time scales (periods of 20–100 days) and more than 90% of the variance for the seasonal-to-longer-term variability. The RMS difference between Argo and TAO/TRITON temperatures is lower than 1°C and is around 1.5 cm when the Argo steric height is compared to SSH. This study also assesses the efficacy of different observing system components and combinations, such as SSH, TAO/TRITON, and Argo, for estimating subsurface temperature. Salinity investigations demonstrate its critical importance for density near the surface in the western Pacific. Objective error estimates from the OI are used to evaluate different sampling strategies, such as the recent deployment of 41 Argo floats along the Pacific equator. Argo’s high spatial resolution compared with that of the moored array makes it better suited for studying spatial patterns of variability and propagation on intraseasonal and longer periods, but it is less well suited for studying variability on periods shorter than 20 days at point locations. This work is a step toward better utilization of existing datasets, including Argo, and toward redesigning the Tropical Pacific Observing System.

scholarly journals A shift in the ocean circulation has warmed the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean since 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Desbruyères ◽  
Léon Chafik ◽  
Guillaume Maze
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Global Impacts ◽  
Meridional Overturning ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Ocean Observing

AbstractThe Subpolar North Atlantic is known for rapid reversals of decadal temperature trends, with ramifications encompassing the large-scale meridional overturning and gyre circulations, Arctic heat and mass balances, or extreme continental weather. Here, we combine datasets derived from sustained ocean observing systems (satellite and in situ), idealized observation-based modelling (advection-diffusion of a passive tracer), and a machine learning technique (ocean profile clustering) to document and explain the most-recent and ongoing cooling-to-warming transition of the Subpolar North Atlantic. Following a gradual cooling of the region that was persisting since 2006, a surface-intensified and large-scale warming sharply emerged in 2016 following an ocean circulation shift that enhanced the northeastward penetration of warm and saline waters from the western subtropics. The long ocean memory of the Subpolar North Atlantic implies that this advection-driven warming is likely to persist in the near-future with possible implications for the Atlantic multidecadal variability and its global impacts.

Some comments about observations and image processing of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
D. Kubáček ◽  
A. Galád ◽  
A. Pravda
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Harvard College ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Short Period Comet ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Harvard College Observatory ◽  
Period Comet

AbstractUnusual short-period comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 inspired many observers to explain its unpredictable outbursts. In this paper large scale structures and features from the inner part of the coma in time periods around outbursts are studied. CCD images were taken at Whipple Observatory, Mt. Hopkins, in 1989 and at Astronomical Observatory, Modra, from 1995 to 1998. Photographic plates of the comet were taken at Harvard College Observatory, Oak Ridge, from 1974 to 1982. The latter were digitized at first to apply the same techniques of image processing for optimizing the visibility of features in the coma during outbursts. Outbursts and coma structures show various shapes.

Evolution of Large-Scale Coronal Structures

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronal Magnetic Field ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Characteristic Relationship ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractThe large-scale coronal structures observed during the sporadically visible solar eclipses were compared with the numerically extrapolated field-line structures of coronal magnetic field. A characteristic relationship between the observed structures of coronal plasma and the magnetic field line configurations was determined. The long-term evolution of large scale coronal structures inferred from photospheric magnetic observations in the course of 11- and 22-year solar cycles is described.Some known parameters, such as the source surface radius, or coronal rotation rate are discussed and actually interpreted. A relation between the large-scale photospheric magnetic field evolution and the coronal structure rearrangement is demonstrated.

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