scholarly journals Diagnostics of genus Pinus representatives resistance to periodical temperature increases during winter-spring period

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.В. Пахарькова ◽  
Н.А. Кузьмина ◽  
Г.В. Кузнецова ◽  
C.Р. Кузьмин
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Spring Period

Работа посвящена изучению внутривидовых различий представителей рода Pinus (Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sibirica иPinuskoraiensis) по устойчивости к повышению температуры в зимневесенний период. В качестве объектов исследования были взяты искусственные насаждения деревьев этих видов различного происхождения. Для изучения перехода деревьев в состояние покоя и выхода из него был использован метод регистрации кривых термоиндуцированных изменений нулевого уровня флуоресценции, определено содержание хлорофиллов и абсцизовой кислоты в хвое. При рассмотрении внутривидовых отличий выявлено, что в географических культурах Красноярского края нарастание фотосинтетической активности в период выхода из состояния зимнего покоя у северных климатипов (по сравнению с южными) происходит быстрее. Выявлены достоверные различия между богучанским и балгазинским климатипами сосны обыкновенной (р0,001) ермаковским и шегарским сосны сибирской (р 0,01) облученским и чугуевским сосны корейской (р0,01). В хвое северных климатипов, эволюционно сформировавшихся в более холодных районах, в ранневесенний период содержание фотосинтетических пигментов выше, чем у растений южных климатипов, что в совокупности с меньшей глубиной покоя свидетельствует о более высокой потенциальной готовности северных растений к возобновлению фотосинтетической активности. Количество абсцизовой кислоты, как индикатора покоя в предзимний период, в хвое растений южных климатипов заметно преобладает над ее содержанием в северных климатипах у всех исследованных видов. Таким образом, можно констатировать, что представители южных климатипов всех трех видов рода Pinus имеют большую глубину зимнего покоя и большую устойчивость к периодическим повышениям температуры в зимневесенний период по сравнению с северными климатипами, и для целей лесоразведения в период существенного изменения климата в будущем целесообразно использовать посевной и посадочный материал южных климатипов, что позволит минимизировать потери посадочного материала в зимний период от физиологического иссушения. The research addresses intraspecific differences between some species of genus Pinus (Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sibirica and Рinus koraiensis) in resistance to temperature increase during winterspring period. The objects of the research are artificial plantations of these species of different origin. For the study of trees dormant period activation and breaking the method of curves registration of thermal induced changes of zero fluorescence level was used, also chlorophylls and abscisic acid percentage in needles was determined. After analysis of intraspecific differences, it was revealed that in the provenance trial of Krasnoyarsk krai northern climatypes (in comparison with southern) have higher speed of photosynthetic activity increase during winter dormancy breaking. Significant differences were revealed between Scots pine climatypes: boguchany and balgazyn (p0.001) Siberian stone pine climatypes: ermakovskoe and shegarsky (p0.01) and Korean stone pine climatypes: obluchye and chuguevka (p 0.01). In the needles of northern climatypes, which were evolutionary formed in colder regions, in early spring period the percentage of photosynthetic pigments is higher than in plants of southern climatypes. Along with smaller dormancy depth, it indicates high potential readiness of northern plants to renewal of photosynthetic activity. The amount of abscisic acid, as dormancy indicator in close to winter period, is clear higher in the needles of southern climatypes than in northern ones for all studied species. As a result it could be concluded, that representatives of southern climatypes of all three species of genus Pinus have bigger winter dormancy depth and higher resistance to periodical temperature increases. In future for forest cultivation in period of essential climate change, it could be advisable to use seed and plant material from southern climatypes for minimization of plant material losses during winter period from physiological dehydration.

scholarly journals Preliminary evaluation for quality of dimension lumber in four common softwoods in Mongolia

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murzabyek Sarkhad ◽  
Futoshi Ishiguri ◽  
Ikumi Nezu ◽  
Bayasaa Tumenjargal ◽  
Yusuke Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Picea Obovata ◽  
Dimension Lumber ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Characteristic Values

Abstract The quality of dimension lumber (2 by 4 lumber) was preliminarily investigated in four common Mongolian softwoods: Pinus sylvestris L., Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Picea obovata Ledeb., and Larix sibirica Ledeb. to produce high quality dimension lumber for structural use. In total 61, 39, 67, and 37 pieces of lumber were prepared for Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata, and L. sibirica, respectively. The lumber was visually graded and then tested in static bending to obtain the 5% lower tolerance limits at 75% confidence level (f0.05) of the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and the modulus of rupture (MOR). In addition, the effects of sawing patterns on bending properties were also analyzed. The f0.05 of the MOE and MOR were 4.75 GPa and 15.6 MPa, 3.39 GPa and 11.0 MPa, 3.78 GPa and 11.7 MPa, and 6.07 GPa and 22.3 MPa for Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata, and L. sibirica, respectively. These results suggested that with a few exceptions, characteristic values of MOR in the four common Mongolian softwoods resembled those in similar commercial species already used. In visual grading, over 80% of total lumber was assigned to select structural and No. 1 grades in Pinus sylvestris and Pinus sibirica, whereas approximately 40% of total lumber in L. sibirica was No. 3 and out of grades. Sawing patterns affected bending properties in Pinus sylvestris and L. sibirica, but did not affect Pinus sibirica and Picea obovata. Dynamic Young's modulus was significantly correlated with bending properties of dimension lumber for the four species. Based on the results, it was concluded that dimension lumber for structural use can be produced from the four common Mongolian softwoods.

scholarly journals Analysis of climate of Rivnenskyi Nature Reserve from 2000 to 2015

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Horbach
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Unstable Temperature

The analysis of monthly climatic terms of Rivnenskyi Nature Reserve was conducted. It is marked that weather terms have substantial differences due to an unstable temperature condition since creation of reserve. A spring period was the shortest in 2013 – 64 days and had the greatest average daily temperature 11.9 °С. Protracted a spring period was in 2002 – 123 days. The most of precipitations in a spring period was fixed in 2008 – 196.2 mm, and the least in 2011 – 42.1 mm. A summer period in 2015 became the most protracted – 131 day. Moreover, the least protracted summer was in 2006 – 90 days. The warmest summer season was in 2010 with an average daily temperature 19.8 °С. The most raining summer was in 2007 when a 471.3 mm of precipitations is fixed, and the least raining summer was in 2002 (144.6 mm of precipitations). The most protracted autumn period was in 2006 – 107 days and the shortest one was in 2001 – 57 days. The warmest autumn was in 2004 when an average daily temperature reached 9.2°С. The most of precipitations in the autumn period is fixed in 2009 – 178 mm, and the least in 2001 – 39 mm. The winter periods were protracted in 2004/05 and 2005/06. Their duration was 114 days. Winter period in 2009/10 with an average daily temperature -7.9°С was the coldest one. The most precipitations are fixed in winter 2005/06 – 208.4 mm, and the least in a winter period 2012/13 are a 52.2 mm. The most of precipitations for a year fell out 777.8 mm in 2012, and the least one in 2011 – 427 mm. The average long-term dates of the beginning of the year seasons are defined. The average long-term date of the beginning of the spring season is on February 27; the summer season is on May 26; the autumn season is on September 14; the winter season is on December 5. Key words: Rivnenskyi Nature Reserve, seasons of the year, precipitation, climatic terms, temperature, long-term date.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of Siberian Stone Pine (Pinus Sibirica du Tour) in Southeastern West Siberian Plain

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaeva Svetlana A. ◽  
◽  
Velisevich Svetlana N. ◽  
Savchuk Dmitry A. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Siberian Plain ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone ◽  
Pinus Sibirica Du Tour

scholarly journals 30-year cone production dynamics in Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica) in the southern boreal zone: a causal interpretation

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
Sergey Goroshkevich ◽  
Svetlana Velisevich ◽  
Aleksandr Popov ◽  
Oleg Khutornoy ◽  
Galina Vasilyeva
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone Pine ◽  
Siberian Stone ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Pine Cone ◽  
Effective Temperatures

Background and aims – Siberian stone pine is a keystone species for Siberia, and numerous studies have analyzed Siberian stone pine seeding dynamics in connection with the dynamics of weather conditions. However, all studies were based on observations before 1990. The aim of the study was to expand our knowledge about the balance of weather and climatic factors in the regulation of cone production to enable conclusions about the current reproductive function in Siberian stone pine.Material and methods – We monitored Siberian stone pine cone production in the southeastern region of the Western Siberian Plain, in association with climatic factors, over a period of 30 years. To analyze the relationship with weather conditions, we used the trait mature cone number per tree and weather data obtained from the weather station in Tomsk.Key results – During this period, cone production decreased by about one-third, mainly caused by the complete absence of high yields. The main factor negatively affecting cone production was late spring frost: severe frost occurring with a large accumulated sum of effective temperatures resulted in full cone loss, and light frost substantially reduced cone number. A less important but significant climatic factor was September temperature: as the temperature increased, the cone number decreased in the following year. Over the last 30 years, the sum of the effective temperatures at which the last spring frost occurs, as well as the average September temperature, increased considerably, resulting in reduced cone production.Conclusion – If the current climatic trend is maintained, and especially if it is strengthened, Siberian stone pine cone production in the southern boreal forest zone on the Western Siberian Plane is unlikely to provide for the effective renewal of the species.

Phenolic compounds and photosynthetic activity in Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae) in response to application of abscisic acid exogenous

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Gisele C. Moreira ◽  
Gilvanda L. dos Anjos ◽  
Candice N. Carneiro ◽  
Rogerio F. Ribas ◽  
Fábio de S. Dias
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Physalis Angulata

Seasonal studies of vegetative buds of Helianthus tuberosus: concentration of nuclei in phase G1 during winter dormancy

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1918-1927 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Tepfer ◽  
Arlette Nougarède ◽  
Pierre Rondet
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Helianthus Tuberosus ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
Feulgen Staining ◽  
Vegetative Buds ◽  
Terminal Buds

The following vegetative buds were studied at several developmental stages during the course of the year: from November through February dormant terminal buds of subterranean tubers; in March, newly reactivated buds of young shoots; in June, terminal buds of horizontal underground stolons that will form tubers; and in July, the terminal buds of erect aerial shoots. Microdensitometric studies of DNA levels after Feulgen staining showed that during the winter period of dormancy, from November through February, the temporary arrest of growth and morphogenesis is accompanied by a concentration of nuclei in phase G1 (2C level) of a diploid cycle for all nuclei in the terminal meristems of the tubers. In March, reactivation occurs uniformly throughout the meristem without any zonal differences. The G1 phase remains predominant in the cycle and mitotic activity increases uniformly. In the meristems of young underground stolons, beginning in the month of June, signs of concentration at the 2C level again are perceptible. The nuclei of the apical meristems of erect shoots are also diploid at 2C and 4C. In the very large nuclei in the central zone of the tunica where the mitotic index is very low, the distribution of DNA levels shows that nuclei are present at all phases of the cycle. These results are discussed and compared with other species in temporary dormancy and in regard to the concept of nonpolysomatic species.

Seasonal shift in the climate responses of Pinus sibirica, Pinus sylvestris, and Larix sibirica trees from semi-arid, north-central Mongolia

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1242-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis De Grandpré ◽  
Jacques C. Tardif ◽  
Amy Hessl ◽  
Neil Pederson ◽  
France Conciatori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Larix Sibirica ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Mongolia ◽  
False Rings ◽  
Seasonal Shift ◽  
Semi Arid

In light of a significant increase in the warming trend observed in recent decades in semi-arid Mongolia, tree-ring attributes and anomalies were analysed to detect potential changes in the growth–climate relationship. In a moisture-limited environment, an increase in temperature could cause a shift in the seasonal response of trees to climate. Chronologies were developed for the dominant tree species (Larix sibirica Ledeb., Pinus sibirica Du Tour, and Pinus sylvestris L.) from north-central Mongolia. In addition to annual ring width, both earlywood and latewood width were measured, and tree-ring anomalies such as false rings and light rings were systematically identified. Earlywood width was mainly associated with precipitation in the year prior to ring formation and early growing season conditions. Temperature was associated with current year growth and mainly influenced latewood development. False rings were good indicators of early summer droughts, whereas light rings were mainly associated with a cold end of summer. A seasonal shift in the significance of monthly climate variables was observed in recent decades. This displacement presumably resulted from changes in the timing and duration of the growing season. Tree growth starts earlier in spring and is now affected by late summer to early autumn climate conditions.

Population phenology of whitefringed weevil, Graphognathus leucoloma (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in pasture in a Mediterranean-climate region of Australia

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Matthiessen
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Larval Recruitment ◽  
Climate Region ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

AbstractIn undisturbed annual pasture in a Mediterranean-climate region of Australia adults of the whitefringed weevil, Graphognathus leucoloma (Boheman), were present from summer to early winter (December–June), with upsurge in numbers of first instar larvae only occurring after the rains began in April. The G. leucoloma population was predominantly first instar larvae in high abundance throughout the winter period (May–August). Larval growth, with high mortality, occurred in the spring period (September–January). The survival of eggs during the dry summer when adults were most abundant, although only at times of unseasonal rainfall, indicated that low larval recruitment at that time resulted primarily from the absence of high-quality legume food essential for oogenesis. It was inferred that most larvae arose from heavy oviposition by the few adults present in autumn when rainfall germinated annual legumes. A steady year-round abundance of late-instar larvae indicated that not all individuals completed their development in the one year.

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