scholarly journals European standards of food safety and consumer protection

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
T.A. Kobzeva ◽  
A.O. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
European Market ◽  
Consumer Policy ◽  
General Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Haccp System ◽  
European Standards ◽  
High Level

In this work, the authors explored the concepts of «consumption» and «consumer» in the context of food safety and consumer protection. It also set out the main objectives of European consumer policy and the ways in which they can be implemented. Based on an analysis of European legislation aimed at ensuring the health, economic and legal interests of consumers, it was determined how the European Union provides a general level of legal protection in the field of consumer policy. The authors found that each member state of the European Union has an obligation to implement generally accepted norms and standards in national law, in order to ensure a high level of protection of the rights of its citizens in the consumer sphere. In addition, the article provides an explanation of the terms «food safety» and «safe food», as well as identifies the main factors for maintaining food safety for the human body. The authors analyzed the concepts, purpose and role of European standardization in the context of consolidation of the united European market; the concepts of «standard» and «European standard» are explored, as well as the main ways of their creation and use. This article also outlines the legal status of the European Committee for Standardization, its key areas of activity and its impact on the European market. In addition, the process of creating a series of international ISO standards was investigated and its purpose established. Much attention was paid to the EU-wide HACCP system, its features and benefits. The GFSI International Standards and Certification System and its individual representatives were characterized, including the Food Safety System Certification 22000 (FSSC 22000), the British Retail Consortium Global Standard for Food Safety (BRCGS) and the International Food Standard (IFS). Requirements for implementation of these standards, their purpose, features and advantages were also identified. The authors found that in order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, it is advisable to simultaneously implement several European standards, along with the HACCP system, the most appropriate of which were proposed in the article presented.

scholarly journals EUROPEAN STANDARDS OF FOOD SAFETY AND CONSUMER PROTECTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (20) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
T.A Kobzeva ◽  
A.O. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
European Market ◽  
Consumer Policy ◽  
General Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Haccp System ◽  
European Standards ◽  
High Level

In this work, the authors explored the concepts of «consumption» and «consumer» in the context of food safety and consumer protection. It also set out the main objectives of European consumer policy and the ways in which they can be implemented. Based on an analysis of European legislation aimed at ensuring the health, economic and legal interests of consumers, it was determined how the European Union provides a general level of legal protection in the field of consumer policy. The authors found that each member state of the European Union has an obligation to implement generally accepted norms and standards in national law, in order to ensure a high level of protection of the rights of its citizens in the consumer sphere. In addition, the article provides an explanation of the terms «food safety» and «safe food», as well as identifies the main factors for maintaining food safety for the human body. The authors analyzed the concepts, purpose, and role of European standardization in the context of consolidation of the united European market; the concepts of «standard» and European standard» are explored, as well as the main ways of their creation and use. This article also outlines the legal status of the European Committee for Standardization, its key areas of activity, and its impact on the European market. In addition, the process of creating a series of international ISO standards was investigated and its purpose established. Much attention was paid to the EU-wide HACCP system, its features, and benefits. The GFSI International Standards and Certification System and its individual representatives were characterized, including the Food Safety System Certification 22000 (FSSC 22000), the British Retail Consortium Global Standard for Food Safety (BRCGS), and the International Food Standard (IFS). Requirements for implementation of these standards, their purpose, features, and advantages were also identified. The authors found that in order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, it is advisable to simultaneously implement several European standards, along with the HACCP system, the most appropriate of which were proposed in the article presented. Keywords: standardization, European standards, food safety, consumer protection.

scholarly journals The Strategy of Output of Company Products to the European Union Market

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Value Added ◽  
European Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
High Level ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Given

The transition to a new technological structure, the intensification of economic processes and globalization have become the reason for the growth of competitive pressure. It requires mobility, modernity, and instant response to market challenges by improving existing products and creating a new one. The article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments in the framework of a scientific discussion on the development of a strategy for the output of the enterprise to the markets of the European Union in order to increase their competitiveness and ensure their entry into the global value added chains. The main objective of the study is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions on the sequence of actions in the output of the company to the markets of the European Union and the disclosure of key aspects of this process. Analyzing, systematizing and summarizing the work of many scholars on the subject of research in the article, the essence of marketing policy of the enterprise is disclosed. PE «Autostenterprise» was selected as the object of the study, for which a list of priority strategic measures for the company has been formed at the stage of entering the European markets. As a result of the study, the argumentation of needs was made and the peculiarities of the conditions of the exit of PE «Autostenterprise» to the European market were determined. The estimation of the strategic position of PE «Autostenterprise» in the market of charging devices for electric cars is shown, which testifies to the high level of its competitiveness; an estimation of activity of the main competitor of PE «Autostenterprise» on the European market – the Dutch company ABB – is carried out. The reasons and difficulties of the PE «Autostenterprise» on the European market are outlined. The main problems, which do not allow to fully realize export potential of the company, are generalized. A set of measures for the enterprise was developed at the exit to the external market in the conditions of European integration. Directions of further researches on the given problem are development of the marketing strategy of the enterprise in order to promote its products to foreign markets.

scholarly journals The Consumer Policy in the Eu Law / Spotrebiteľská Politika V Práve Eú

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarmila Lazíková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Internal Market ◽  
Consumer Policy ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Consumer protection is a dominant policy of the EU. Despite this fact, the article 169 of the Treaty on Functioning of the European Union does not enable to adopt the binding legal laws on consumer protection per se. The binding legal laws could be adopted only within the context of other politics and activities on the internal market of the EU. The paper addresses the consumer policy and its status in the EU law by the historical development and legal analysis of the article 169 of the Treaty, secondary law development of consumer protection, jurisprudence, and judicature of the Court of the Justice of the EU.

scholarly journals The travel consumer

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Maria Joao Mimoso ◽  
Maria Rosario Anjos ◽  
Andre Almeida ◽  
Patricia Daniela Castro
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Internal Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Good Balance ◽  
Travel Services ◽  
Package Travel ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Competitiveness Of Enterprises

Given the increase in intra-Community travel, in particular ‘package travel’, the European Union legislature felt it necessary to define a set of rules common to all States Members. In the attempt to combat the inequalities between those who hire this type of services and the companies that organise the trips. We propose to critically analyse this new legal instrument and discuss its scope of consumer protection. The European legislature intends by Directive 2015/2302 harmonise the rights and obligations arising from contracts for package travel and related travel services. It aims to create a true internal market for consumers, establishing a good balance between a high level of consumer protection and the competitiveness of enterprises. The rights of travellers will be better protected, in matters such as compensation, cancellation, assistance, among others. On the other hand, we see the standardisation of the concept of organised trips ending differences in doctrine and jurisprudence.Keywords: Consumer, traveller, directive, protection, organised trip.

scholarly journals Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed: the semicarbazide notifications

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 561-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hruska ◽  
M. Franek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Alert System ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotic ◽  
Rapid Alert System ◽  
The Eu

The recently instituted and easily accessible Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) has been tested on the semicarbazid (SEM), the residue of veterinary antibiotic nitrofurazone, using the RASFF Database Portal launched in July 2009 by the European Commission. The database holds weekly overviews, published by the EU for 30 years from 1979 and offers a number of other possibilities, such as searching for subjects of notification, the date of notification, notifying countries and product categories, countries of product origin and distribution. There is no doubt that the new database portal is an important contribution of the European Union to food safety and consumer protection.

FOOD SAFETY IN THE CONTEXT OF LEGISLATION

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (6) ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Irena Ozimek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Health Safety ◽  
Food Law ◽  
Food Market

The study aims to analyse selected legal regulations concerning the issue of food safety, regarding both health safety and protection of consumers' economic interests as well as to present institutional possibilities of consumer protection in the food market in this area. As a result of the analysis of selected legal regulations, it can be concluded that there are numerous legal acts covering the issue of food safety. Changes that occur in food law as well as creation of new organizations at the level of the European Union preventing food counterfeiting, will contribute to ensuring a higher level of consumer protection on the food market in the European Union, including Poland.

Melatonin in pediatric neurology

ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Raluca Ioana Teleanu ◽  
Magdalena Sandu ◽  
Eugenia Roza
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Onset Latency ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Light Darkness ◽  
Efficacy Studies ◽  
Endogenous Melatonin

Melatonin  is a hormone produced by the pineal gland during the night, as a response to the light-darkness variation. The endogenous melatonin levels have a cyclic evolution throughout the entire life. Various roles have been cited such as the in utero developement of the fetus through its action on the placenta, neurons and glial cells, a major role in the regulation of the cyrcadian rhythm, antioxidative, antiinflammatory roles, as well as celullar and umoral immunity modulation. In the European Union, exogenous melatonin has been evaluated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for reducing sleep onset latency and the conclusion was that it has efficacy studies in this regard.  

Nowe podejście do harmonizacji technicznej w Unii Europejskiej a swoboda przepływu towarów

2016 ◽  
pp. 70-86
Author(s):  
Iwona Miedzińska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Single Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Free Movement Of Goods

This article is about the new approach directives and their impact on ensuring the free movement of goods in the single market. The author analysed the relevant legislation of the European Union adopted in the field of technical harmonisation: regulations and directives. The primary method of research used in this article is the legal and institutional analysis. Neofunctionalism and rational choice theory were also helpful to explain the processes of integration in this area. The analysis shows that the new approach directives affect the streamlining of procedures for the movement of goods in the single market. However, despite the simplification of procedures for the movement of goods, an adequate level of safety and consumer protection is ensured. The member states and the European Commission have effective response mechanisms when a product endangers life, health or safety of consumers.

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