scholarly journals RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD™) MARKERS FOR ESTIMATING GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS IN MANGIFERA INDICA L.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 574c-574
Author(s):  
Raymond J. Schnell ◽  
Robert J. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Linkage Mapping ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Mapping Analysis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Genetic relationships between commercial mango cultivars are often speculative and only the maternal parent is generally known. RAPD™ primers were used with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to provide markers useful in determining individual identity, family relationships, and linkage mapping analysis. In mango, 53 RAPD primers were screened for markers and 27 proved useful. Genomic DNA was isolated from 70 clones of mango maintained in the USDA germplasm collection. DNA from these clones was amplified with each of the 27 primers. Data were scored as the presence or absence of bands. Groupings of the clones using UPGMA based on Nei's genetic distance gave distinct clusters. RAPD clusters vs. clusters based on isozyme analysis are compared.

scholarly journals Population Structure of Cercospora kikuchii, the Causal Agent of Cercospora Leaf Blight and Purple Seed Stain in Soybean

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 823-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cai ◽  
R. W. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cercospora Kikuchii ◽  
Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽  
Intergenic Spacer Region ◽  
Group I ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Purple Seed Stain

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite-primed polymerase chain reaction (MP-PCR) were used to characterize 164 isolates of Cercospora kikuchii, most of which were collected from Louisiana. Plant tissue (seeds versus leaves), but not host cultivar, had a significant impact on pathogen population differentiation. Cluster analysis showed that the Louisiana population was dominated by a primary lineage (group I) with only a few Louisiana isolates belonging to the minor lineage that also included the non-Louisiana isolates (group II). A previous study showed that isolates could be differentiated according to vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). However, RAPD and MP-PCR data demonstrated that isolates of C. kikuchii were not generally clustered according to these VCGs. Furthermore, genetic relationships within and between VCGs were examined using sequences of the intergenic spacer region of rDNA. These analyses showed that VCG is not an indicator of evolutionary lineage in this fungus. Our results suggest the likely existence of a cryptically functioning sexual stage in some portion of the C. kikuchii population.

Genetic characterization ofToxoplasma gondiistrains by random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction

Parasitology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. G. Guo ◽  
A. M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Initial Separation ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Genomic Dnas ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SUMMARYThe technique of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR has been used to detect DNA polymorphisms amongToxoplasma gondiistrains. Seven arbitrary oligonucleotides (10-mer) were used as primers to amplify total genomic DNAs and significant genetic heterogeneity was detected among 11T gondiistrains with different virulence for mice. The polymorphisms observed allowed relationship dendrograms ofT. gondiistrains to be constructed by PHYLIP and PAUP analyses. The genetic relationships of theT. gondiistrains generated by 2 analyses using completely different assumptions were similar. Both analyses revealed 2 groups ofT. gondiistrains, one formed by the 6 virulent strains and the other formed by the 5 avirulent strains. This suggests that the genus Toxoplasma may actually contain 2 groups, correlated with their virulence, which have probably evolved independently following their initial separation. Significant polymorphisms were also detected between 2 different laboratory stocks of theT. gondiiRH strain.

scholarly journals Characterization of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli isolates

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Mário de Carvalho Nunes ◽  
Maria Júlia Corazza ◽  
Silvana Aparecida Crestes Dias de Souza ◽  
Siu Mui Tsai ◽  
Eiko Eurya Kuramae
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Bacterial Plant Pathogen

A simple, quick and easy protocol was standardized for extraction of total DNA of the bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. The DNA obtained by this method had high quality and the quantity was enough for the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) reactions with random primers, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with primers of the hypersensitivity and pathogenicity gene (hrp). The DNA obtained was free of contamination by proteins or carbohydrates. The ratio 260nm/380nm of the DNA extracted ranged from 1.7 to 1.8. The hrp gene cluster is required by bacterial plant pathogen to produce symptoms on susceptible hosts and hypersensitive reaction on resistant hosts. This gene has been found in different bacteria as well as in Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (9). The primers RST21 and RST22 (9) were used to amplify the hrp gene of nine different isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli from Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, and one isolate, "Davis". PCR amplified products were obtained in all isolates pathogenic to beans.

scholarly journals Genetic variation between susceptible and non-susceptible snails to Schistosoma infection using random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPDs)

1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Hamid Zaki ABDEL-HAMID ◽  
Jeanne Blanco de MOLFETTA ◽  
Vania FERNANDEZ ◽  
Vanderlei RODRIGUES
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genome Comparison ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
High Molecular Weight Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Host Parasite

Susceptibility of snails to infection by certain trematodes and their suitability as hosts for continued development has been a bewildering problem in host-parasite relationships. The present work emphasizes our interest in snail genetics to determine what genes or gene products are specifically responsible for susceptibility of snails to infection. High molecular weight DNA was extracted from both susceptible and non-susceptible snails within the same species Biomphalaria tenagophila. RAPD was undertaken to distinguish between the two types of snails. Random primers (10 mers) were used to amplify the extracted DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver staining. The results suggest that RAPD represents an efficient means of genome comparison, since many molecular markers were detected as genetic variations between susceptible and non-susceptible snails.

Inheritance of random amplified polymorphic DNA markers in an interspecific cross in the genus Stylosanthes

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Kazan ◽  
John M. Manners ◽  
Don F. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Parental Origin ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Stylosanthes Hamata ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The inheritance of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers generated via the polymerase chain reaction amplification of genomic DNA sequences in an F2 family of an interspecific cross between Stylosanthes hamata and S. scabra was investigated. An initial comparison between the parental species, S. hamata cv. Verano and S. scabra cv. Fitzroy, demonstrated that 34% of detected RAPD bands were polymorphic. Of 90 primers tested, 35 showed relatively simple and reliably scorable polymorphisms and were used for segregation analysis. Sixty F2 individuals were scored for the segregation of 73 RAPD markers and 55 of these markers fit a 3:1 ratio. Segregation of eight other RAPD markers deviated significantly from a 3:1 ratio. There was no bias in the inheritance of RAPD markers regarding parental origin of the segregating RAPD markers. Linkage analysis revealed 10 linkage groups containing a total of 44 RAPD loci. Another 10 RAPD markers (7 of maternal origin) that were polymorphic between the parents did not segregate in the F2 population. One of the maternally inherited RAPD bands hybridized to chloroplast DNA. Analysis of RAPD loci by DNA hybridization indicated that mainly repeated sequences were amplified. These data indicate that RAPDs are useful genetic markers in Stylosanthes spp. and they may be suitable for genetic mapping.Key words: genetic mapping, molecular markers, polymerase chain reaction, Stylosanthes hamata, Stylosanthes scabra.

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