scholarly journals THE NEED FOR STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN FLORICULTURE

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 589d-589
Author(s):  
William H. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Business Plan ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Factors ◽  
University Personnel ◽  
Strategic Business Plan ◽  
Greenhouse Growers ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Total Sales

There are over 11,000 greenhouse growers in the United States. Of this number, 8,000 produce less than $500,000 per year in total sales. Less than 1% of the 11,000 have a strategic business plan. Many may have a yearly budget, but they have not developed a formal written analysis of their business in relation to internal and external factors. A sample of 10 growers indicated that their profitability increased significantly when they understood a formal strategic business plan. The information developed from this sample indicates the entire greenhouse industry could benefit greatly from increased use of strategic planning. The marketing component of the business plan and how university personnel can facilitate this effort will be discussed.

scholarly journals Specific aspects of indian foreign policy: stagnation and changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Rano Tuychiyeva Almamatovna
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Indian Foreign Policy ◽  
Positive Results

This article focuses on how India organized its foreign policy from the time of independence until the beginning of the 21st century and on the basis of which strategies it pursued. The paper also examines in detail the internal and external factors that have helped the country to achieve effective, positive results in foreign policy and, conversely, have had a significant negative impact. In addition, the article pays special attention to India's relations with the United States, China and Russia, which are currently striving for global hegemony, and the competition between these countries in India. At the same time, the successes, shortcomings and conflicts in India’s relations with its neighbors - Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal and Bhutan - are highlighted, as well as their specific reasons. Chronological approach, comparison and synthesis-analysis methods were used in writing the article. It consists of an abstract, keywords, introduction, main part, conclusion and bibliography.

The Resilience of Populism in Iranian Politics: A Closer Look at the Nexus between Internal and External Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-221
Author(s):  
Mahmood Monshipouri ◽  
Manochehr Dorraj
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Internal Variables ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Iranian Politics ◽  
Internal And External Factors

This article seeks to demonstrate that the resiliency of populism in Iran cannot be fully explained by internal variables alone. In contrast to many existing approaches, we argue that a combination of internal and external factors have contributed to the longevity and the resilience of Islamic populism in the country. The United States' hostile policies toward Iran — especially under Presidents George W. Bush and Donald Trump — have contributed to the rise of a nationalist- populist backlash intended to safeguard the survival of the Islamic Republic.

scholarly journals Member influence in cooperatives: Contributions of Scandinavian studies to the research conducted in the United States

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-129
Author(s):  
Petri Ollila
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Factors ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Interest Organizations

This literature review summarizes research on member influence in cooperatives conducted in Scandinavia and some of the research conducted in West Germany. The review divides the contents of member influence into three components; individual factors, the cooperative organization’s internal factors and the organization’s external factors. As individual factors, participation, representation and representativeness are considered. Conflicts in cooperative organizations, the effect of the growth of the organization and the rules of decision making are discussed as organizations internal factors. The major interest groups in addition to members (the market, personnel and the society) are presented as external factors. The external factors are increasingly challenging the nature of cooperatives as member interest organizations.

International Trade and United States Economic Development Revisited

1961 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Macesich
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
International Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Initial Disturbance ◽  
Disturbing Factor ◽  
Flow Of Funds ◽  
American Economy

Mr. Williamson's comments on my article leave the issue between us ambiguous. I welcome this opportunity further to develop my own views regarding the turbulent period of the 1830's and early 1840's.First of all, I believe that Williamson has overstated his case in attributing to me disregard of the importance of internal events in the United States. I advanced the hypothesis that the primary disturbing factor in the period 1834–1845 was an increase, and then a decrease, in the flow of funds into the United States, and the problem I wished to examine was the response in the American economy to this initial disturbance. As indicated in my article, the emphasis placed on external factors does not mean that internal events in the United States were negligible.

Difference in SWOT Analysis Factors: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Suprajitno Suprajitno ◽  
Imam Zaenuri ◽  
Muliyadi Muliyadi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Special Services ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Specific Health

Introduction: SWOT analysis can be used to assess the position of an organization that has considered internal and external conditions. The objective of this systematic review is to find out the differences in SWOT analysis carried out by health service facilities outside Indonesia and the other country. Method: A systematic review used the PRISMA method. The search keywords used were strategic management, hospitals, health facilities, health services, and SWOT analysis obtained from Google Scholar, Science Direct, ProQuest, and PubMed. The articles analyzed were fully accessible and published in 2010-2020. Result: The main difference of analysis was that in Indonesia illustrates that the SWOT analysis was aimed at hospital organizations and few were oriented towards special services which has similar indicators on internal and external factors. Meanwhile, outside Indonesia, SWOT analysis was directed at specific health services so that it has different internal and external factors of indicator. Discussion: The difference analysis illustrates that the needs of an organization are different in strategic management development.

Early Globalization and the Economic Development of the United States and Brazil. By John DeWitt. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2002. Pp. 178.

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-306
Author(s):  
Zephyr Frank
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
International System ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Weak State ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
Economic Divergence

The author of this ambitious volume tackles the question: why is the United States rich and Brazil poor? Given the importance of the question and the promising comparative approach, readers of this JOURNAL will be tempted to look into John DeWitt's book. Unfortunately, they are likely to be disappointed. The author claims that internal and external factors combined to generate growth in the United States and to breed underdevelopment in Brazil. The external factors hinge on the purported unfairness of the international system. Brazil, according to DeWitt, was “a weak state that could be treated like a palooka and pummeled with impunity” (p. 113). The internal factors of growth or backwardness adduced in the book are based on a series of case studies of regions or industries, such as coastal towns or whaling, along with generalizations about plantation economics. Although there are many useful insights sprinkled throughout the book, the methodology and bibliography are confused and outdated: there are no time series or statistical tests employed in the text; quantitative data are few and almost entirely descriptive; and no mention is made of recent publications emphasizing institutions and factor endowments as sources of economic divergence between the United States and Latin America. In particular, it is troubling that no mention is made in the text or bibliography to Stephen Haber's edited volume, How Latin America Fell Behind (Stanford, CT: Stanford University Press, 1997). This omission prevents DeWitt from addressing the standard text in the literature and severely detracts from the volume's credibility.

The Battle for Syria

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Phillips
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Factors ◽  
International Dimension ◽  
Regional Order ◽  
Regional Factors

This book provides an analysis of the crucial but underexplored roles the United States and other nations have played in shaping Syria's ongoing civil war. Most accounts of Syria's brutal, long-lasting civil war focus on a domestic contest that began in 2011 and only later drew foreign nations into the escalating violence. The book argues instead that the international dimension was never secondary but that Syria's war was, from the very start, profoundly influenced by regional factors, particularly the vacuum created by a perceived decline of U.S. power in the Middle East. This precipitated a new regional order in which six external protagonists — the United States, Russia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Qatar — have violently competed for influence, with Syria a key battleground. Drawing on a plethora of original interviews, the book constructs a new narrative of Syria's war. Without absolving the brutal Bashar al-Assad regime, the book untangles the key external factors which explain the acceleration and endurance of the conflict, including the West's strategy against ISIS. It concludes with some insights on Syria and the region's future.

Who Rides the High Speed Rail in the United States: The Acela Express Case Study

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Least Square ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Rail Network ◽  
Policy Suggestions ◽  
Internal And External Factors

In this study, we focus on the Acela Express, and try to find out how selected internal and external factors affect the Acela Express’s ridership. A two-stage least square regression model is introduced in order to eliminate the endogeneity problem caused by price and ridership. Also the Cochrane-Orcutt Procedure is adopted to solve autocorrelation. The result shows that ticket price and train on-time performances, which are used to being thought as important factors affect ridership become insignificant, while other factors like employment of business and professional in the Northeast Corridor areas have higher influence on high speed train ridership. The broader objective of this research is to provide policy suggestions for building of an efficient high-speed rail network that can both be profitable and solve practical problems that the contemporary transportation system faces.

scholarly journals Economic Contributions of the Green Industry in the United States in 2007–08

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 628-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan W. Hodges ◽  
Charles R. Hall ◽  
Marco A. Palma
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Green Industry ◽  
Total Sales ◽  
The U.S

Economic contributions of the green industry in each state of the United States were estimated for 2007–08 using regional economic multipliers, together with information on horticulture product sales, employment, and payroll reported by the U.S. Economic Census and a nursery industry survey. Total sales revenues for all sectors were $176.11 billion, direct output was $117.40 billion, and total output impacts, including indirect and induced regional economic multiplier effects of nonlocal output, were $175.26 billion. The total value added impact was $107.16 billion, including employee compensation, proprietor (business owner) income, other property income, and indirect business taxes paid to state/local and federal governments. The industry had direct employment of 1.20 million full-time and part-time jobs and total employment impacts of 1.95 million jobs in the broader economy. The largest individual industry sectors in terms of employment and value added impacts were Landscaping services (1,075,343 jobs, $50.3 billion), Nursery and greenhouse production (436,462 jobs, $27.1 billion), and Building materials and garden equipment and supplies stores (190,839 jobs, $9.7 billion). The top 10 individual states in terms of employment contributions were California (257,885 jobs), Florida (188,437 jobs), Texas (82,113 jobs), North Carolina (81,113 jobs), Ohio (79,707 jobs), Pennsylvania (75,604 jobs), New Jersey (67,993 jobs), Illinois (67,382 jobs), Georgia (66,042 jobs), and Virginia (58,677 jobs). The total value added of the U.S. green industry represented 0.76% of U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2007, and up to 1.60% of GDP in individual states. On the basis of a similar previous study for 2002 (Hall et al., 2006), total sales of horticultural products and services in 2007–08 increased by 3.5%, and total output impacts increased by 29.2%, or an average annual rate of 5.8% in inflation-adjusted terms.

scholarly journals A Proposed Framework of Corporate Entrepreneurship in Government-linked Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Harry Entebang
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
External Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Enterprises ◽  
Internal And External Factors

The growth of public enterprises or government-linked companies (GLCs) has been phenomenal over the years. However, the performance of GLCs remains a major concern. On the other hand, past studies have postulated that there is a strong relationship between corporate entrepreneurship (CE), entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance. Despite this, viewing GLCs’ performance in the context of CE or EO has received minimal attention among strategic management and entrepreneurship scholars. This paper highlights and discusses the performance of GLCs within the context of CE. Given the role of EO as a direct predictor while proposing CE internal and external factors as moderators of the EO-CE performance relationship in GLCs, a proposed framework of CE within the context of GLCs in Malaysia is proposed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document