scholarly journals 997 USE OF MOLECULAR MARKERS IN BREEDING FOR RESISTANCE TO FUNGAL PATHOGENS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 572c-572
Author(s):  
James D. Kell
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Disease Resistance Breeding ◽  
Selection For

The use of RAPD markers in disease resistance breeding has been successfully demonstrated in horticultural crops. The identification of RAPD markers and their potential role in disease resistance breeding was first demonstrated in tomato; the procedure of bulk segregant analysis for detecting linkages between RAPD markers and genes conditioning resistance to downy mildew was described in lettuce; the use of linked RAPD markers to facilitate the efficient pyramiding of epistatic rust resistance genes to prolong their durability has been illustrated in common bean; the development of allele specific or sequence characterized primers linked to resistance genes has been achieved in pea, bean, tomato, and lettuce Indirect selection for disease resistance based on molecular markers is not a replacement for classical breeding procedures. Used as tools, markers offer breeders unique opportunities to combine resistance to an array of different pathogens and efficiently pyramid epistatic resistance genes for highly variable fungal pathogens. This would not always be possible in the absence of linked markers.

scholarly journals PRELIMNARY RESULTS ON MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE IN COMMON WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM)

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Botez ◽  
Monica Iuoraş ◽  
P. Raica ◽  
N. N. Saulescu
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Selection For

Our attempts to find RAPD markers linked with resistance genes to Septoria and Tilletia relying on co-segregation and to test the SSR markers, identified in literature, in order to select bread wheat resistant to Septoria and Tilletia are presented. Several candidate RAPD markers possibly linked with Septoria resistance genes and fewer linked with Tilletia resistance genes were identified. Some RAPD and SSR markers were specific for some resistant lines. These markers, probably, marked different resistance genes in different lines. It seems that some Septoria resistance genes came from rye genome because these genes were marked with some primers specific for rye genome. We found segregation for these markers in several lines, indicating that the analyzed lines were not completely stabilized. The ISSR markers used could not discriminate the resistant from susceptible genotypes to Septoria and Tilletia.

scholarly journals Tracking disease resistance deployment in potato breeding by enrichment sequencing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles R Armstrong ◽  
Jack Vossen ◽  
Tze Yin Lim ◽  
Ronald C B Hutten ◽  
Jianfei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Complete Sequence ◽  
Gene Enrichment ◽  
Disease Resistance Breeding ◽  
Late Blight Pathogen

SummaryFollowing the molecular characterisation of functional disease resistance genes in recent years, methods to track and verify the integrity of multiple genes in varieties are needed for crop improvement through resistance stacking. Diagnostic resistance gene enrichment sequencing (dRenSeq) enables the high-confidence identification and complete sequence validation of known functional resistance genes in crops. As demonstrated for tetraploid potato varieties, the methodology is more robust and cost-effective in monitoring resistances than whole-genome sequencing and can be used to appraise (trans)gene integrity efficiently. All currently known NB-LRRs effective against viruses, nematodes and the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans can be tracked with dRenSeq in potato and hitherto unknown polymorphisms have been identified. The methodology provides a means to improve the speed and efficiency of future disease resistance breeding in crops by directing parental and progeny selection towards effective combinations of resistance genes.

Comparative Mapping of Three Bacterial, Three Fungal, and One Virus Disease-resistance Genes in Common Bean

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 547a-547
Author(s):  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
James Nienhuis ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
H.M. Ariyarathne
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Disease Resistance Genes ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Viral Pathogen

Common bacterial blight (CBB), bacterial brown spot (BBS), and halo blight (HB), incited by the bacterial pathogens Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye, Pseodomonas syringae pv. syringa, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, respectively are important diseases of common bean. In addition three fungal pathogens, web blight (WB) Thanatephorus cucumeris, rust Uromyces appendiculatus, and white mold (WM) Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, are also destructive diseases attacking common bean. Bean common mosaic virus is also one of most major virus disease. Resistance genes (QTLs and major genes) to three bacterial (CBB, BBS, and HB), three fungal (WB, rust, and WM), and one viral pathogen (BCMV) were previously mapped in two common bean populations (BAC 6 × HT 7719 and Belneb RR-1 × A55). The objective of this research was to use an integrated RAPD map of the two populations to compare the positions and effect of resistance QTL in common bean. Results indicate that two chromosomal regions associated with QTL for CBB resistance mapped in both populations. The same chromosomal regions associated with QTL for disease resistance to different pathogens or same pathogens were detected in the integrated population.

In vitro Selection: A Candidate Approach for Disease Resistance Breeding in Fruit Crops

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandra ◽  
Madhu Kamle ◽  
Anju Bajpai ◽  
M. Muthukumar ◽  
Shahina Kalim
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Disease Resistance Breeding

scholarly journals The determination of the resistance inheritance against common bunt in wheat and half-diallel hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 254-260
Author(s):  
Gülçin Akgören Palabiyik ◽  
İsmail Poyraz ◽  
Ahmet Umay
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Complete Dominance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Dominant Genes

This study was conducted to determine the inheritance of common bunt resistance in twelve bread wheat varieties and their half-diallel hybrids in Turkey. The disease ratings were performed on the F2 generations of the hybrids in field conditions. The obtained data were analysed by the χ2 test to determine the effective gene numbers and inheritance type in the disease resistance. In addition, the data were evaluated according to the Jinks-Hayman diallel analyses. In conclusion, it was found that of the twelve wheat parents, four contained three resistance genes and four of them contain two resistance genes. The dominant genes were prominent in the population and complete dominance was present. Therefore, the selection for disease resistance should be delayed until the following generations.

scholarly journals Advances in Wheat and Pathogen Genomics: Implications for Disease Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beat Keller ◽  
Thomas Wicker ◽  
Simon G. Krattinger
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Disease Resistance Breeding ◽  
Near Future ◽  
New Cultivars ◽  
Made In

The gene pool of wheat and its wild and domesticated relatives contains a plethora of resistance genes that can be exploited to make wheat more resilient to pathogens. Only a few of these genes have been isolated and studied at the molecular level. In recent years, we have seen a shift from classical breeding to genomics-assisted breeding, which makes use of the enormous advancements in DNA sequencing and high-throughput molecular marker technologies for wheat improvement. These genomic advancements have the potential to transform wheat breeding in the near future and to significantly increase the speed and precision at which new cultivars can be bred. This review highlights the genomic improvements that have been made in wheat and its pathogens over the past years and discusses their implications for disease-resistance breeding.

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