scholarly journals Reaction of Select Tepary Bean to Bean Golden Mosaic Virus

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip N. Miklas ◽  
Jose Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Tepary Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Acutifolius ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Golden Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
The Tropics

Cultivated tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray var. latifolius Freeman) has potential for production during the hot, dry seasons in the tropics. Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV), however, seriously limits production of Phaseolus spp. in such environments. Twelve select tepary beans were evaluated for reaction to BGMV across four field nurseries near Isabela, Puerto Rico. Disease reaction was principally determined by measurement of seed yield (kg·ha–1) and weight (g 100/seeds). All tepary beans possessed some tolerance to BGMV, as they produced comparatively moderate seed yield despite expression of severe foliar yellow mosaic symptoms. On average, tepary bean yielded 133% of the BGMV-resistant dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) control `Dorado'. Four teparies, Neb-T-6-s, GN-610-s, Neb-T-8a-s, and PI 321637-s, expressed superior tolerance to BGMV as they yielded above the trial mean in at least three of four trials. Harvested seed quality was uniformly poor across all lines, averaging 18% less weight than in the non-BGMV trials. The combination of the observed tolerance with escape mechanisms and cultural disease control practices may enable production of tepary bean in regions and seasons that experience moderate to severe BGMV epidemics.

scholarly journals A Codominant Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Marker Useful for Indirect Selection of Bean Golden Mosaic Virus Resistance in Common Bean

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1035-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Urrea ◽  
Phillip N. Miklas ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Ronald H. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Codominant Marker ◽  
Bean Golden Mosaic Virus

Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) is a devastating disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in tropical America. The disease is effectively controlled by combinations of genetic resistances. The most widely deployed source of resistance to BGMV is a recessive gene (bgm-1) derived from the dry bean landrace cultivar Garrapato (Mexico) that conditions a nonmosaic partial resistance response to the pathogen. To expedite introgression of partial resistance into snap bean for southern Florida and other susceptible dry bean market classes for the Caribbean and Central American regions, a RAPD marker tightly linked to bgm-1 has been identified. Two contrasting DNA bulks, one consisting of five BGMV-resistant and the other five susceptible F6 recombinant inbred lines, were used to screen for polymorphic fragments amplified by 300 decamer primers in the polymerase chain reaction. RAPDs generated between the bulks were analyzed across F2 populations segregating for the marker and the gene. One codominant RAPD marker (R2570/530) tightly linked to the recessive resistance gene bgm-1 was found. The 530-base pair (bp) fragment was linked in repulsion with bgm-1 and the other 570-bp fragment was linked in coupling. No recombinants between R2570/530 and bgm-1 were observed among 91 F2 progeny from one dry bean population, and there were two recombinants (4.2 cM) observed among 48 F2 progeny combined across four snap bean populations. Assays of R2570/530 across susceptible germplasm and lines likely to have the `Garrapato'-derived partial resistance to BGMV have revealed that the codominant marker is gene-pool nonspecific and maintains its original linkage orientation with the recessive bgm-1 gene through numerous meioses. The codominant marker is useful for rapidly introgressing partial resistance to BGMV into susceptible germplasm.

scholarly journals A greenhouse screening technique for bean golden mosaic virus

1969 ◽  
Vol 80 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Cristóbal Adames-Mora ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
O. Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Golden Mosaic Virus ◽  
Inoculation Method ◽  
Snap Beans ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Southern Florida

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield in the Caribbean and snap bean production in southern Florida are threatened by bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV). Effective screening techniques are needed in order to transfer BGMV resistance into red kidney, red mottied and snap beans. A greenhouse inoculation method for BGMV using viruiiferous whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) has been developed. The use of this inoculation method insures that bean plants are inoculated at the same stage of development with a uniform amount of inoculum. In the greenhouse, the reaction of bean plants to BGMV could be determined within 30 days after planting, whereas field evaluations require up to 65 days. In addition, the BGMV reaction of bean genotypes inoculated in different experiments was found to be repeatable. In susceptible genotypes, such as PC50, typical BGMV symptoms began to appear between five to eight days after inoculation (DAI). In the resistant line DOR364, symptoms did not begin to appear until 10 to 12 DAI and the severity of the symptoms was less than in susceptible genotypes. Pompadour G and lines derived from crosses with DOR303 showed a dwarfing response when inoculated with BGMV.The BGMV resistant lines derived from crosses with A429 did not develop symptoms when inoculated with the viruliferous whiteflies.This greenhouse inoculation technique may facilitate the effort to combine different forms of BGMV resistance.

scholarly journals Dry beans and varying cultural practices at two locations on the coastal plain of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-530
Author(s):  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Obed Román-Hernández ◽  
Luis E. Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Row Width ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Experiments were conducted over a 3-year period (1983-1985) at Fortuna and Isabela, Puerto Rico, to compare the response of three bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes that differ in growth habit and lodging susceptibility to varying cultural practices. The experimental design was a split plot arrangement of a randomized complete block with three replications. Whole-plot treatments consisted of 0.5- and 1.0-m row widths. Subplots consisted of a factorial arrangement of three seeding rate treatments (6.6, 13.2, and 19.8 seeds/m) and three dry bean genotypes. All of the bean lines produced the greatest seed yield in the 0.5-m row width with a seeding rate of 19.8 seed/m. The increased yield was the result of an increased number of pods/ha. Indeterminate genotype 2W-33-2 produced the greatest overall seed yield in spite of the fact that it lodged more than the other genotypes. At the Fortuna Substation the seed yield of all genotypes averaged more than 2000 kg/ha when grown in 0.5-m row widths. At the Fortuna Substation there was no significant effect of row spacing or seeding rate on harvest index, whereas at the Isabela Substation harvest index decreased as the seeding rate increased. Plant height and 100-seed weight were largely unaffected by variation in row spacing and seeding rate. At Fortuna there was more lodging as the seeding rate increased from 6.6 to 19.8 seeds/m.

Development of Five Tropically Adapted Disease Resistant Dry Bean Varieties

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 499d-499
Author(s):  
E.A. Santana ◽  
G. Godoy-Lutz ◽  
J.C. Nin ◽  
F. Saladin ◽  
J.S. Beaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Web Blight ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Diseases are a primary constraint affecting yield and seed quality of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the Dominican Republic. A collaborative dry bean breeding program to develop resistance to one or more diseases in different dry bean types was conducted in the Dominican Republic (DR) under a US-AID Title XII Bean/Cowpea CRSP involving breeders and pathologists in the Ministry of Agriculture, DR, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, and the Univ. of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez. The origin and some characteristics of the five new dry bean varieties released in 1988 are described here. The black seeded `Arroyo Loro Negro' (MUS-N-4-H) (Type II a growth habit) was derived from the cross H-270 (MSU/UPR) X XAN-223 and has resistance to web blight and rust. The pedigree of the white seeded `Anacaona' (L-8020) (Type II a growth habit) is (2b-5-1/2 × NEP-2/Black Turtle Soup) X BON 355 (MSU). `Anacaona' is moderately resistant to web blight. The three red-mottled determinate Pompadour varieties were developed from the following crosses; `Saladin-97' (PC-21-SME) and `CIAS-95' (PC-21-SMA) from `PC-50'(DR) X BAT 1274 (CIAT) and `JB-178' (PR-JB-178) from `Jose Beta' (DR) X C1308 in Puerto Rico. These new high yielding Pompadour varieties have a higher level of field resistance to Andean pathotypes of rust in the DR than does `PC-50' the predominate variety.

Breeding for Seed Yield and Seed Quality in Smooth Bromegrass, Bromus inermis Leyss . 1

Crop Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Knowles ◽  
D. A. Cooke ◽  
E. Buglass
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass

scholarly journals Evaluation of Genotype, Environment, and Management Interactions on Fava Beans under Mediterranean Field Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1088
Author(s):  
Mohamed Houssemeddine Sellami ◽  
Antonella Lavini ◽  
Davide Calandrelli ◽  
Giuseppe De Mastro ◽  
Cataldo Pulvento
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Fava Beans ◽  
Total Seed

Faba beans (Vicia faba L.), also known as fava beans, like other crops, are influenced by several factors: their genotype, environment, and management, as well as the interaction between these, have an important impact on seed yielding and seed quality traits. This study was conducted at three locations in South Italy between 2017 and 2019 to evaluate the sowing date effect on yield and yield components of three Vicia faba L., originating from cool climates. The results showed that seed yield (SY) and yield components declined with sowing delay. The crop’s environment (year × site) and management (sowing date) were found to explain 34.01% and 42.95% of the total seed yield variation, respectively. The data showed that the tested genotypes were positively influenced by the environment with sandy loam soil and early winter sowing date, resulting in either a greater number of SY and THS than in the other environment. The three faba bean genotypes showed tolerance to winter frost conditions in the two growing seasons.

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