Extending Crop Nutrient Information: Involving the Whole Industry

Replicated fertility trials with four vegetable crops on the limestone soils of Dade County, Fla., have been conducted for 3 years (1993–94 through 1995–96). The purpose was 1) to determine crop nutrient requirements, 2) to calibrate a soil testing model, and 3) to develop additional information for plant sap quick tests. The crops included snap beans, Irish potatoes, sweet corn, and malanga (a.k.a. yautia or tannia, Xanthosoma sagittifolium Schott). Another two field demonstrations using reduced rates of phosphorus on tomatoes were conducted in 1995–96. The involvement of the local fertilizer industry in these trials and grower outreach efforts will be discussed.

Download Full-text

Grower Contributions to the Early Stages of Crop Nutrient Trials with Vegetables

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.885b ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 885B-885

Author(s):

Mary Lamberts ◽

Stephen K. O'Hair ◽

Juan Carranza ◽

George Hochmuth ◽

Edward Hanlon

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Dade County ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Snap Beans ◽

Xanthosoma Sagittifolium ◽

Experimental Process ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Crop Nutrients ◽

Commercial Field

Trials to determine crop nutrients for four vegetable crops grown on the limestone soils of Dade County, Fla., have been conducted in growers' fields to duplicate commercial growing conditions. This has increased grower participation in the experimental process. The four vegetable crops are snap beans, Irish potatoes, sweet corn, and malanga (a.k.a. yautia or tannia, Xanthosoma sagittifolium Schott). The discussion will focus on grower participation in various critical decision-making activities: a) location of plots in a commercial field, b) placement of fertilizers, c) possible problems with Restricted Entry Intervals, d) harvest determinations, and e) grading criteria and quality assessment.

Download Full-text

Findings from a Three-year Crop Nutrient Study with Four Vegetable Crops in Dade Country, Florida

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.535a ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 535a-535

Author(s):

Mary Lamberts ◽

Stephen K. O'Hair ◽

Edward Hanlon ◽

George Hochmuth

Keyword(s):

Sweet Corn ◽

Calcareous Soils ◽

Testing Procedure ◽

Soil Testing ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Nutrient Requirements ◽

Test Medium ◽

Bush Bean ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium

A 3-year replicated fertility trial with four vegetable crops was begun in the 1993–94 season to: a) determine crop nutrient requirements for four vegetable crops (bush bean, malanga (Xanthosoma caracu), potato, and sweet corn, and b) to develop and calibrate a soil testing procedure for the local calcareous soils. Soils were found to test medium to high for both phosphorus and potassium. Responses to nitrogen varied by crop. Specific results and follow up trials with growers will be discussed.

Download Full-text

Crop Nutrient Survey Results for Five Vegetable Crops in Dade County, Florida

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.524b ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 524B-524

Author(s):

Mary Lamberts ◽

Teresa Olczyk ◽

Stephen K. O'Hair ◽

Juan Carranza ◽

Herbert H. Bryan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Management Practices ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Baseline Survey ◽

Dade County ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Fertilizer Management ◽

Fertilizer Recommendations ◽

Survey Results ◽

Fertilizer Rates

A baseline survey was conducted to determine grower fertilizer management practices for five vegetable crops: beans, malanga, potatoes, sweet corn, and squash. This was done in conjunction with a 3-year replicated fertility trial with four vegetable crops (1993–94 through 1995–96) in the Homestead area. Questions included: fertilizer rates and timing, source(s) of fertilizer recommendations, soil and tissue testing, irrigation, changes in practices, summer cover crops, rock plowing, spacing, and type of fertilizer used. Survey results will be presented.

Download Full-text

Effect of Spring Tillage Sequence on Summer Annual Weeds in Vegetable Row Crop Rotations

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-04-111r2.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 204-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

B. Edward Peachey ◽

Ray D. William ◽

Carol Mallory-Smith

Keyword(s):

Crop Rotation ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Weed Density ◽

Snap Beans ◽

Row Crop ◽

Annual Weeds

The effects of spring tillage sequence on summer annual weed populations were evaluated over two cycles of a 3-yr crop rotation of snap beans, sweet corn, and winter wheat. Continuous no-till (N) planting of vegetable crops each spring (NNNN) reduced summer annual weed density 63 to 86% compared to that of continuous conventional tillage (CCCC), depending upon site and herbicide level. Hairy nightshade populations were reduced by 88 to 96% when spring tillage was eliminated from the crop rotation. The effects of the NNNN spring tillage sequence on weed density were similar at two sites even though the crop rotations at the two sites began with different crops. The rotational tillage sequence of NCNC at the East site, in a crop rotation that began with corn, reduced summer annual weed density by 46 to 51% compared to that of continuous conventional tillage and planting (CCCC) at low and medium herbicide rates, respectively. In contrast, the tillage sequence of CNCN in the same crop rotation and at the same site increased weed density by 80% compared to that of CCCC at a low herbicide rate. The effects of the NCNC and CNCN rotational tillage sequences on weed density were reversed at the West site, and was probably caused by pairing sweet corn with conventional tillage rather than no tillage. The reduction in summer annual weed density caused by reduced spring tillage frequency did not significantly increase crop yields.

Download Full-text

Effect of Pesticides on the Yield of Some Vegetable Crops in the Isabela Area of Puerto Rico

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v46i1.12287 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

R. Abrams ◽

D. Walker ◽

M. Rico Ballester

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Foliar Sprays ◽

Snap Beans ◽

Yield And Quality

The effects of different pesticides, namely, Parathion, DDT, Guthion, Di-Syston, and Dylox on the yield and quality of vegetable crops, were studied in the Isabela Area. The following major results were obtained: 1. Cucumbers: Sprays with Parathion or Guthion had no effect on the yield and number of fruits produced. 2. Snap beans: DDT application at the rate of 2 pounds per acre gave a significant increase in yield. Guthion, sprayed at the rate of 6 pounds per acre per spray, also produced a significant increase in the yield. 3. Sweet corn: DDT applications at the rate of 4 pounds per acre, sprayed on weekly, controlled foliage injury and, consequently, healthier and more vigorous plants were obtained. Foliar sprays of DDT, at the same rate as above, increased the number of ears produced. Spraying the silks with DDT at the rate of 4 pounds per acre per application, or dusting them with Dylox granular, 1 pound per acre, improved the quality of the ears produced. 4. Tomatoes: Foliar sprays with DDT and Parathion did not cause a significant increase in yield nor in the number of marketable fruits produced. Granular Di-Syston at the rate of 10 pounds per acre, had no effect on the yield or number of marketable fruits in this experiment.

Download Full-text

IFAS Standardized Nutrient Recommendations for Vegetable Crop Production in Florida

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-cv002-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Rao S. Mylavarapu ◽

George J. Hochmuth ◽

Guodong Liu

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Soil Testing ◽

Soil Test ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Basic Information ◽

Vegetable Crop ◽

Testing Laboratory ◽

Additional Information ◽

Agronomic Crops

This publication presents the fertilization recommendations for vegetable crops based on soil tests performed by the IFAS Extension Soil Testing Laboratory (ESTL). It contains the basic information from which ESTL soil-test reports and fertilization recommendations are generated. Additional information on nutrient recommendations is presented in the Vegetable Production Handbook of Florida, 2017-2018. Similarly, IFAS Standardized Nutrient Recommendations for Agronomic Crops can be found in SL129 (Mylavarapu, 2015).

Download Full-text

114 CALIBRATING PLANT SAP QUICK TESTS FOR NO, AND K+ ON WINTER SNAP BEANS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.444e ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 444e-444

Author(s):

Mary Lamberts ◽

Stephen K. O'Hair ◽

George Hochmuth ◽

Edward Hanlon

Keyword(s):

Leaf Tissue ◽

Dade County ◽

Soil Tests ◽

University Of Florida ◽

Snap Beans ◽

Yield Responses ◽

The University ◽

Different Levels ◽

Plant Sap

Seventy-five percent (75%) of U.S. produced winter snap beans are grown on limestone soils in southern Dade County, Florida Since this crop requires 60-70 days from planting to harvest, growers need information to make changes in fertilizer practices on an almost instantaneous basis. As part of a study to calibrate soil tests with yield responses to different levels of applied fertilizers, plant sap quick tests are being calibrated with laboratory analyses of whole leaf samples. Beans were grown at two locations -- in a grower's field and at the University of Florida Tropical Research & Education Center (TREC). Samples were taken simultaneously for both plant sap quick tests using petioles and for whole leaf tissue analyses. Results and how these have been extended to local growers will be presented.

Download Full-text

Economic optimisation of soil testing on commercial farms: space, time and variables

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13810 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Taro Takahashi

Keyword(s):

Concave Function ◽

Information Value ◽

Spatial Sampling ◽

Soil Testing ◽

Biological Interactions ◽

Additional Information ◽

The North ◽

Incremental Value ◽

Commercial Farms ◽

The Uk

<p>A holistic evaluation of agricultural systems requires mechanistic understanding of physical, chemical and biological interactions both aboveground and belowground, yet obtaining this information on commercial farms is a challenging task. In order to support practical decision making by commercial producers, it is therefore necessary to identify system-wide performance indicators that are observable presently and cost-effectively. Data acquired through commercial soil testing satisfy these conditions; however, the relationship between the density of information &#8212; thus the cost of testing &#8212; and the value of information as a guideline for on-farm managerial changes is not well-understood.</p><p>Using high-resolution soil data from the North Wyke Farm Platform in the UK as a case exemplar, this solicited talk discusses theoretical and computational frameworks to quantify the value of an information package defined by soil testing strategies. A bootstrapping experiment revealed that the information value is often a concave function of the spatial sampling frequency, indicating that &#8220;half-hearted&#8221; soil data are unlikely to be able to inform optimal farm management. On the other hand, a high degree of serial correlation as well as atemporal inter-variable correlation resulted in some measurements identified as being redundant, as the incremental value of additional information was often found to be small and occasionally negative. Given the time and budgetary constraints, therefore, it is suggested that more effort should be spent on snapshot spatial sampling of a small number of variables, rather than continuous spot sampling of a large number of variables.</p>

Download Full-text

The me system : The biological basis

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600015695 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 1986 ◽

pp. 60-60

Author(s):

D.J. Thomson ◽

M.J. Haines ◽

S.B. Cammell ◽

M.S. Dhanoa

Keyword(s):

Research Council ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Energy Requirements ◽

Nutrient Requirements ◽

Animal Performance ◽

Biological Basis ◽

Additional Information ◽

Agricultural Research Council ◽

New System

The Starch Equivalent (SE) system devised by Kellner for expressing the energy requirements of ruminants and the energy value of feeds was used in Britain from 1912. Metabolizable energy (ME) was proposed (Agricultural Research Council, 1965) and adopted (MAFF, DAFS and DANI, Technical Bulletin 33, 197S), as a basis for a new system relating diet to the energy requirements of animals. Additional information was incorporated in the extensive Technical Review (The Nutrient Requirements of Ruminant Livestock, 1980). Metabolizable energy was retained, and animal performance it was claimed, was predicted more precisely with ME than SE. Results presented in this paper are for the comparison, and interpretation, of observed and predicted (Technical Bulletin 33) rates of gain, and other components of the ME system, for growing lambs and cattle fed forage and mixed forage and concentrate diets.

Download Full-text

Control of Corn Lepidoptera with Foliar Applications, 1997

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/23.1.100 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 100-101

Author(s):

A. M. Shelton ◽

W. T. Wilsey

Keyword(s):

Sweet Corn ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Plant Spacing ◽

Foliar Sprays ◽

Ear Injury ◽

Over The Top

Abstract Two separate trials were conducted. Corn for the first trial was planted on 28 May and for the second trial on 12 Jun, both at the Vegetable Crops Research Farm near Geneva, NY. The plants were arranged in a RCB design with four replicates of nine treatments and one check. Plots consisted of seven 25-ft rows of sweet corn on 30-inch centers with 9-inch plant spacing. Blocks were separated by 25 ft. Treatments involved three applications of each insecticide for controlling naturally intesting Lepidoptera. Foliar sprays were applied with a 5-row CO2-pressurized high-boy tractor-mounted boom, having 3 nozzles per row (one over the top and one drop nozzle on each side) with flat fan 110015 tips, and delivering 30 gpa at 47 psi and 2.5 mph. Silwet L-77 spray adjuvant was applied at 0.1% v/v with all treatments. In the first trial, insecticides were applied on 8, 15, and 23 Aug. Treatments for the second trial were applied on 15, 23 Aug, and 2 Sep. Trials were evalu-ated on 2 and 8 Sep for the respective plots by selecting 25 ears from the five treated rows of each plot and evaluating them for ear injury.

Download Full-text