Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity Castanea pumila var. ozarkensis through Isozyme Analysis and DNA Amplification Fingerprinting

The genetic diversity within and between four geographic populations of the Ozark chinkapin was evaluated and partitioned in order to gain an understanding of the overall genetic diversity and structure of this species, which will be instrumental for its preservation and germplasm enhancement. Nuts of chinkapin trees along the natural range of the species in the Sylamore Ranger District of the Ozark National Forest in Arkansas were collected and evaluated with isozyme and RAPD markers scattered across the genome. Allozyme differences were detected among the geographic populations. Allele frequencies will be determined and subjected to genetic diversity statistics. A conservation plan will be recommended.

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065 Genetic Diversity of the Allegheny Chinkapin (Castanea pumila var. pumila)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.3.452c ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 452C-452

Author(s):

Fenny Dane

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Rapd Marker ◽

Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽

American Chestnut ◽

Disease Spread ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Chestnut Blight ◽

Geographic Populations ◽

Natural Range ◽

Conservation Plan

American species in the genus Castanea are susceptible to chestnut blight, caused by the Asian fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. This disease spread throughout the natural range of the American chestnut and reduced the species from a timber and nut producing tree to an understory shrub. The lesser known member of the genus, the chinkapin, has also been affected by this disease and a conservation plan is needed. Genetic diversity within and between geographic populations of the Allegheny chinkapin was evaluated to provide baseline genetic information pertinent to conservation of the species. Nuts of Allegheny chinkapin trees from populations in Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Virginia, and Ohio were collected and evaluated for isozyme and RAPD marker polymorphism. The genetic diversity of these populations will be compared with that of Ozark chinkapin and American chestnut populations. Conservation strategies will be discussed.

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EVALUATION OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF THE AMERICAN CHESTNUT

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.5.750d ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 750d-750

Author(s):

Hongwen Huang ◽

Fenny Dane ◽

J.D. Norton

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

New York ◽

North Carolina ◽

Plant Material ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

American Chestnut ◽

Shoot Buds ◽

Chestnut Tree ◽

Geographic Populations ◽

Isozyme Loci

The genetic diversity within and between geographic populations of the American chestnut tree was evaluated with allozyme and RAPD markers. Winter dormant or mature shoot buds from American chestnut trees collected in Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, and Connecticut were used for isozyme assays. Genetic diversity statistics calculated for 20 isozyme loci indicated that the highest level of heterozygosity was detected in the Alabama and Connecticut populations, the lowest level in the Great Smoky Mountain populations. RAPD analyses were conducted on American chestnut plant material. The best results were obtained with seed tissue. Seed from New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania populations and buds from Alabama and Georgia populations were evaluated for RAPD markers scattered throughout the chestnut genome.

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Genetic Diversity of Castanea pulia var. ozarkensis

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.526e ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 526e-527

Author(s):

Fenny Dane ◽

Shona Harrison ◽

Hongwen Huang

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽

American Chestnut ◽

Chestnut Blight ◽

Ozark Highlands ◽

The Past ◽

Geographic Populations ◽

Natural Range ◽

Rapd Polymorphism ◽

Taxonomic Studies

The genus Castanea includes several species, some of which, like the American chestnut (C. dentata) and chinkapin (C. pumila), are susceptible to chestnut blight, caused by the Asian fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Blight spread throughout the natural range of the American chestnut, destroying several billion trees within the past 50 years. Although the plight of the American chestnut is well-known, the chinkapin has been neglected. Taxonomic studies indicated two varieties, the Ozark chinkapin, var. ozarkensis, limited to the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, and the Allegheny chinkapin, var. pumila, found from New Jersey to Florida and Texas. The genetic diversity within and between 11 geographic populations of the Ozark chinkapin was evaluated to provide baseline genetic information pertinent to the conservation and restoration of this species. Nuts or dormant buds of chinkapin trees were evaluated for isozyme and RAPD polymorphism. The genetic variability of the Ozark chinkapin populations was relatively high when compared to the American chestnut, and most of the diversity resides within the populations. Conservation considerations for restoration of the Ozark chinkapin will be discussed.

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Study of the genetic diversity and structure of a natural population of Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez. using RAPD markers

Genetics and Molecular Research ◽

10.4238/2015.december.23.28 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 18407-18413 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L.S. Costa ◽

L.R.S. Reiniger ◽

B.M. Heinzmann ◽

L.P. Amaral ◽

C.M.L. Serrote

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Natural Population ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure

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Genetic Diversity and Structure of the Apiosporina morbosa Populations on Prunus spp.

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-95-0859 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 95 (8) ◽

pp. 859-866 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jinxiu Zhang ◽

W. G. Dilantha Fernando ◽

William. R. Remphrey

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Genetic Diversity ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Host Species ◽

Population Differentiation ◽

The United States ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Geographic Locations ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Geographic Populations

Populations of Apiosporina morbosa collected from 15 geographic locations in Canada and the United States and three host species, Prunus virginiana, P. pensylvanica, and P. padus, were evaluated using the sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) technique to determine their genetic diversity and population differentiation. Extensive diversity was detected in the A. morbosa populations, including 134 isolates from Canada and the United States, regardless of the origin of the population. The number of polymorphic loci varied from 6.9 to 82.8% in the geographic populations, and from 41.4 to 79.3% in the populations from four host genotypes based on 58 polymorphic fragments. In all, 44 to 100% of isolates in the geographic populations and 43.6 to 76.2% in populations from four host genotypes represented unique genotypes. Values of heterozygosity (H) varied from 2.8 to 28.3% in the geographic populations and 10.2 to 26.1% in the populations from four host genotypes. In general, the A. morbosa populations sampled from wild chokecherry showed a higher genetic diversity than those populations collected from other host species, whereas the populations isolated from cultivated chokecherry, P. virginiana ‘Shubert Select’, showed a reduction of genetic diversity compared with populations from wild P. virginiana. Significant population differentiation was found among both the geographic populations (P < 0.05) and populations from different host genotypes (P < 0.02). In the geographic populations, most of populations from cultivated and wild P. virginiana were closely clustered, and no population differentiation was detected except for the populations from Morris, Morden, and Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Furthermore, the populations from P. virginiana in the same geographic locations had higher genetic identity and closer genetic distance to each other compared with those from different locations. Four populations from P. virginiana, P. pensylvanica, and P. padus, were significantly differentiated from each other (P < 0.02), except there was no differentiation between the Shubert Select and wild chokecherry populations (>P> = 0.334). Indirect estimation of gene flow showed that significant restricted gene flow existed between populations from different regions and host species. Gene flow rates (Nm) varied from <1 to 12.5, with higher gene flow rates among population pairs from the same host species (P = 1.000). The analysis of molecular variance revealed that a major genetic variance source came from the genetic variation among isolates within populations regardless of the origin and host genotype of the population. Although some locations had a limited number of isolates, the results of this study clearly showed that the genetic diversity and population differentiation of A. morbosa were closely associated with host genotypes and geographic locations, but mostly with the former.

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Genetic Diversity of Croton (Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph.ex A. Juss) and Its Offspring Based on RAPD Markers

Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) ◽

10.22146/ipas.40899 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Mufit Daryatun Asniawati ◽

Aziz Purwantoro

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Distance ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Rapd Analysis ◽

Female Parent ◽

Dna Amplification ◽

Male Parent ◽

Native Plant ◽

Codiaeum Variegatum ◽

Polymorphic Bands

Croton (Puring) is a native plant of Indonesia which has varied leaf shapes and colors. The diversity of croton increase through hybridization. The information on genetic diversity and relationship between parent and its offspring of crotons is very limited. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity of cultivar Mawar (MW) and Walet (W) as parent compare to their offspring i.e, Black Marlet (BM), Kingkit 1 (KA), Kingkit 2 (KB), and Kamaratih (KM) using RAPD markers. This study used DNA extraction from the fresh leaf of six cultivars. The next steps were DNA quantification, primary optimization, DNA amplification with PCR, and electrophoresis. Statistical analysis was carried out using Genalex software. A total of 40 primers were screened, out of which 10 were selected for the analysis of genetic diversity. A total of 106 polymorphic bands were generated, ranging from 130 to 1850 bp. The results of RAPD analysis showed that Mawar as female parent had the highest polymorphic bands percentage of 69.01%, while Walet as male parent and its offspring ranged from 31.15 % to 43.94%. The genetic distance of the offspring with Walet ranged from 0.176 to 0.234 and genetic distance of the offspring with Mawar ranged from 0.314 to 0.372. It was indicated that all of offspring were closer to the male parent.

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KERAGAMAN GENETIK AQUILARIA MALACCENSIS DARI BANGKA BARAT DAN IMPLIKASINYA UNTUK PENGELOLAAN TEGAKAN BENIH

Jurnal Pemuliaan Tanaman Hutan ◽

10.20886/jpth.2020.14.2.121-128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 121-128

Author(s):

I.L.G. Nurtjahjaningsih ◽

AYPBC Widyatmoko ◽

Liliek Haryjanto ◽

Yuliah Yuliah ◽

Yayan Hadiyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Native Species ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Restricted Gene Flow ◽

Neighbor Joining ◽

Conservation Units ◽

Aquilaria Malaccensis ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Dna Template ◽

Private Alleles

Aquilaria malaccensis (agarwood) is a native species to Indonesia, it produces fragrance. Aim in this study was to assess genetic diversity and structure of A. malaccensis in order to manage seed stand to produce high quality and quantity seeds/seedlings. Leaf samples for DNA template were collected from populations at western Bangka i.e. Air Gantang, Pelangas, and Simpang Gong. Amplifications of 14 RAPD markers were confirmed; 42 DNA samples of A. malaccensis were analysed using RAPD markers. Parameters of genetic diversity within population i.e. private alleles (PA) and expected heterozygosity (H) were calculated using GeneAlex software. Genetic structure among populations were determined as genetic distance (Da), Analysis Molecular of Variance (AMOVA), a neighbor-joining tree, were calculated using GeneAlex and PopTrew software. Eleven out of 14 RAPD markers were produced 104 stable and polymorphic alleles; PE were found at Air Gantang and Pelangas, 1 and 2 alleles, respectively. The H ranged between 0.133 (Simpang Gong) and 0.328 (Pelangas). The Da was moderate (0.099). AMOVA showed significant genetic diversity among populations (14%). A neighbor-joining tree showed the populations divided into two clusters with high boostrap value, and concordance with their geographical positions. Restricted gene flow might cause a high genetic relationship among populations. Low HEE in Simpang Gong caused this population was priored to being conserved; Air Gantang and Pelangas should be designed as different conservation units due to the population contained different private alleles.

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