EVALUATION OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF THE AMERICAN CHESTNUT

The genetic diversity within and between geographic populations of the American chestnut tree was evaluated with allozyme and RAPD markers. Winter dormant or mature shoot buds from American chestnut trees collected in Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, and Connecticut were used for isozyme assays. Genetic diversity statistics calculated for 20 isozyme loci indicated that the highest level of heterozygosity was detected in the Alabama and Connecticut populations, the lowest level in the Great Smoky Mountain populations. RAPD analyses were conducted on American chestnut plant material. The best results were obtained with seed tissue. Seed from New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania populations and buds from Alabama and Georgia populations were evaluated for RAPD markers scattered throughout the chestnut genome.

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Allozyme and RAPD Analysis of the Geographic Variation and Genetic Diversity in Natural Populations of the American Chestnut

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.591f ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 591f-591 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hongwen Huang ◽

Fenny Dane ◽

Tom Kubisiak

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

New York ◽

Rapd Analysis ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Natural Populations ◽

American Chestnut ◽

The North ◽

Natural Range ◽

Carolina Population ◽

Isozyme Loci

The population structure and genetic diversity of American chestnut trees collected in nine states along the natural range of the species was evaluated using 20 isozyme loci. Genetic heterozygosity (Ht:Nei, 1978) ranged from 0.089 in the Georgia and 0.094 in the North Carolina population to 0.172 in the northernmost (Connecticut) and 0.181 in the southernmost (Alabama) population. Four populations (Pennsylvania, New York, Virginia, and Alabama) were selected for RAPD analysis using 22 loci randomly distributed across the chestnut genome. The highest level of heterozygosity was in the Alabama population. UPGMA phenograms generated for the isozyme and RAPD markers using Nei's genetic identity showed similar genetic relationships among American chestnut populations.

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065 Genetic Diversity of the Allegheny Chinkapin (Castanea pumila var. pumila)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.3.452c ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 452C-452

Author(s):

Fenny Dane

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Rapd Marker ◽

Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽

American Chestnut ◽

Disease Spread ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Chestnut Blight ◽

Geographic Populations ◽

Natural Range ◽

Conservation Plan

American species in the genus Castanea are susceptible to chestnut blight, caused by the Asian fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. This disease spread throughout the natural range of the American chestnut and reduced the species from a timber and nut producing tree to an understory shrub. The lesser known member of the genus, the chinkapin, has also been affected by this disease and a conservation plan is needed. Genetic diversity within and between geographic populations of the Allegheny chinkapin was evaluated to provide baseline genetic information pertinent to conservation of the species. Nuts of Allegheny chinkapin trees from populations in Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Virginia, and Ohio were collected and evaluated for isozyme and RAPD marker polymorphism. The genetic diversity of these populations will be compared with that of Ozark chinkapin and American chestnut populations. Conservation strategies will be discussed.

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Genetic Diversity of Castanea pulia var. ozarkensis

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.526e ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 526e-527

Author(s):

Fenny Dane ◽

Shona Harrison ◽

Hongwen Huang

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽

American Chestnut ◽

Chestnut Blight ◽

Ozark Highlands ◽

The Past ◽

Geographic Populations ◽

Natural Range ◽

Rapd Polymorphism ◽

Taxonomic Studies

The genus Castanea includes several species, some of which, like the American chestnut (C. dentata) and chinkapin (C. pumila), are susceptible to chestnut blight, caused by the Asian fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. Blight spread throughout the natural range of the American chestnut, destroying several billion trees within the past 50 years. Although the plight of the American chestnut is well-known, the chinkapin has been neglected. Taxonomic studies indicated two varieties, the Ozark chinkapin, var. ozarkensis, limited to the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, and the Allegheny chinkapin, var. pumila, found from New Jersey to Florida and Texas. The genetic diversity within and between 11 geographic populations of the Ozark chinkapin was evaluated to provide baseline genetic information pertinent to the conservation and restoration of this species. Nuts or dormant buds of chinkapin trees were evaluated for isozyme and RAPD polymorphism. The genetic variability of the Ozark chinkapin populations was relatively high when compared to the American chestnut, and most of the diversity resides within the populations. Conservation considerations for restoration of the Ozark chinkapin will be discussed.

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Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity Castanea pumila var. ozarkensis through Isozyme Analysis and DNA Amplification Fingerprinting

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.3.441a ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 441A-441

Author(s):

Fenny Dane ◽

Hongwen Huang

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Dna Amplification ◽

Allele Frequencies ◽

National Forest ◽

Germplasm Enhancement ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Geographic Populations ◽

Natural Range ◽

Conservation Plan

The genetic diversity within and between four geographic populations of the Ozark chinkapin was evaluated and partitioned in order to gain an understanding of the overall genetic diversity and structure of this species, which will be instrumental for its preservation and germplasm enhancement. Nuts of chinkapin trees along the natural range of the species in the Sylamore Ranger District of the Ozark National Forest in Arkansas were collected and evaluated with isozyme and RAPD markers scattered across the genome. Allozyme differences were detected among the geographic populations. Allele frequencies will be determined and subjected to genetic diversity statistics. A conservation plan will be recommended.

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Genetic Structure of Cactus Pear (Opuntia Ficus Indica) in Moroccan Collection

Atlas Journal of Plant Biology ◽

10.5147/ajpb.v1i2.110 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 24-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aissam El Finti ◽

Mohamed Belayadi ◽

Rachida El Boullani ◽

Fouad Msanda ◽

Mohammed Amine Serghini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Plant Material ◽

Genetic Improvement ◽

Wind Erosion ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Cactus Pear ◽

Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽

Rangeland Degradation ◽

Sand Movement

Recently, a large plantation has been established in Morocco, to reduce water and wind erosion, rangeland degradation, sand movement and to enhance the restoration of the vegetation cover. However, this plant material has unknown genetic characterization. In addition, several local classifications and morphological descriptions were used. The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity using RAPD markers in a collection of 13 provenances of Moroccan Opuntia ficus indica (L.). Based on 13 random primers, the result showed that the level of diversity (h) and polymorphism varied according to the provenance. A high genetic differentiation was found between the provenances (Gst = 0.29), thus some loci were characteristic of certain provenances. These results can be used to characterize genetic resources of Morocco cactus pear, and to initiate a program of genetic improvement and selection.

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Use of the AMA Guides in State Workers' Compensation Systems: 2009 Update

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2009.marapr02 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 13-16

Author(s):

Christopher R. Brigham ◽

Jenny Walker

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

North Carolina ◽

South Carolina ◽

South Dakota ◽

Rhode Island ◽

Workers Compensation ◽

Fourth Edition ◽

Sixth Edition ◽

Specific Guideline ◽

Compensation Systems

Abstract The AMAGuides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) is the most widely used basis for determining impairment and is used in state workers’ compensation systems, federal systems, automobile casualty, and personal injury, as well as by the majority of state workers’ compensation jurisdictions. Two tables summarize the edition of the AMA Guides used and provide information by state. The fifth edition (2000) is the most commonly used edition: California, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, New Hampshire, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Vermont, and Washington. Eleven states use the sixth edition (2007): Alaska, Arizona, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, and Wyoming. Eight states still commonly make use of the fourth edition (1993): Alabama, Arkansas, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, South Dakota, Texas, and West Virginia. Two states use the Third Edition, Revised (1990): Colorado and Oregon. Connecticut does not stipulate which edition of the AMA Guides to use. Six states use their own state specific guidelines (Florida, Illinois, Minnesota, New York, North Carolina, and Wisconsin), and six states do not specify a specific guideline (Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, South Carolina, and Virginia). Statutes may or may not specify which edition of the AMA Guides to use. Some states use their own guidelines for specific problems and use the Guides for other issues.

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