scholarly journals 230 Evaluation of Two Commercial Formulations of Mycorrhizal Fungi for Honeydew Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Seedlings Production

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 430E-431
Author(s):  
César Guzmán-Loza ◽  
J. Farías-Larios ◽  
J.G. López-Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Honeydew Melon ◽  
Early Growth Phase ◽  
Melon Seeds

Use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (MA) on horticultural plant production has great potential as a biotechnological alternative; however, information on its effects on the early growth phase of honeydew melon is lacking. Nevertheless, it would seem that inoculation at the time of sowing would decrease the stress of transplant, improve root vigor, make plants grow faster, improve drought resistance, and lessen the effect of roots diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of inoculating honeydew melon seedlings with two commercial formulations of MA fungi at different study times in an effort to select for higher resistance and infective capacity. `Moonshine' hybrid melon seeds were sown in trials with 200 cavities containing specific doses of inoculate: 0, 100, 200, 250, 500, and 1000 cc/trial of BuRIZE, Mycorrhiza NES. A factorial design was used (formulations and study times) with a randomized distribution and four replications. Four destructive samples were taken at 10, 15, 20, and 25 days after inoculations. Number of leaves, shoot fresh weight, dry weight, root fresh weight, foliar area, and mycorrhizal colonization were recorded. Results obtained showed a highly significant effect between commercial formulations and study times and an interaction of both factors to studied variables. Mycorrhizal colonization percentages were too low (0.3% to 1.7%). At 20 days after inoculations, it was possible to see all the components of functional arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on melon plants roots. Using commercial formulations of mycorrhizal fungi decreased applications of fertilizers in melon plants.

scholarly journals Monosporic Inoculation of Economically Important Horticultural Species with Native Endomycorrhizae under Greenhouse Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Flor Hernandez ◽  
Rosalinda Villarreal ◽  
Valentin Torres ◽  
Adrien Gallou
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

Research into the symbiotic relationship between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is key for sustainable agricultural intensification. The objective of the present study is to evaluate native AMF at the monosporic level in greenhouse-grown, economically important crops. Agricultural soil samples from three locations (Saltillo, Zaragoza, and Parras) were obtained by combining portions resulting from a zigzag sampling pattern. From these samples, 15 morphotypes were extracted according to a modified Gerdemann’s technique and monosporically inoculated on melon, cucumber, tomato, and onion, 30 days after their sowing. Under a completely random experimental design, 16 treatments with three repetitions were defined. Plant height, root length, stem diameter, total fresh weight, fresh root weight, dry root weight, bulb weight, fresh leaf weight, total dry weight, flower number, leaf number, fruit number, spore number, and percentage of colonization were all evaluated. The results were subjected to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey comparison test (p ≤ 0.05), which showed that the monosporic inoculation favors significantly the AMF and the host, while the T6 (Saltillo spore + Steiner modified with 20% of the normal phosphorus concentration) showed a greater response uniformity on onion and melon, which indicates its great potential as an inoculum.

scholarly journals Effects of Bifenthrin on Mycorrhizal Colonization and Growth of Corn

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Corkidi ◽  
Jeff Bohn ◽  
Mike Evans
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Inoculum Potential ◽  
Red Imported Fire Ant ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculum Potential ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Total Percentage

The insecticide bifenthrin is a synthetic pyrethroid required by regulation for the production of nursery crops to suppress the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) in Orange and Riverside counties in California. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to analyze the effects of different rates of bifenthrin on the growth and mycorrhizal colonization of ‘Silver Queen’ corn (Zea mays) inoculated with VAM 80®, a mycorrhizal inoculum with spores, hyphae, and root pieces colonized by Glomus spp., used to inoculate California native plants in containers. Corn was used because it is the standard indicator plant used for mycorrhizal inoculum potential assays and it is a good host for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi propagation. The application of bifenthrin had no detrimental effects on mycorrhizal colonization of corn. There were no significant differences in the root length colonized by arbuscules, vesicles, or in the total percentage of mycorrhizal colonization obtained in the plants grown with the different bifenthrin rates 6 weeks after transplanting. However, there were significant interactions on the effects of bifenthrin and mycorrhizal colonization on plant growth. The addition of 12, 15, and 25 ppm of bifenthrin reduced corn biomass of nonmycorrhizal plants, but had no effect on the growth of mycorrhizal plants. There were no significant differences between the mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants grown with 0, 10, and 12 ppm of bifenthrin. In contrast, inoculation with VAM 80® increased the shoot dry weight of plants grown with 15 and 25 ppm of bifenthrin. This study showed that mycorrhizal colonization can be helpful to overcome some of the negative effects of bifenthrin on the growth of corn.

scholarly journals Sodium Chloride Stress Induced Changes in Leaf Osmotic Adjustment of Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata) Seedlings Inoculated with Mycorrhizal Fungi

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Ning ZOU ◽  
Qiang-Sheng WU
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizas ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
K Concentration

Citrus plants are sensitive to salinity, and thus employing new approaches to alleviate salt damage are necessary. The present study evaluated the effect of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Glomus mosseae and G. versiforme, on leaf osmotic adjustment of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedings exposed to 100 mM NaCl. Salinity significantly inhibited mycorrhizal colonization, plant biomass and leaf relative water content, whereas the reduce of plant biomass was notably alleviated by the mycorrhizal colonization. Mycorrhizal seedlings exhibited significantly lower Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations, whilst also recorded higher K+ concentration and K+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+ and Mg2+/Na+ ratios at both salinity levels. Under salinity stress, mycorrhizal symbiosis markedly decreased sucrose concentrations of leaves and also increased glucose, fructose and proline concentrations of leaves. The results suggest that arbuscular mycorrhizas improved leaf osmotic adjustment responses of the seedlings to salt stress, thus enhancing salt tolerance of mycorrhizal plants.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jenis Pupuk dan Tingkat Arbuskular Mikoriza terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jahe (Zingiber officinale)

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Dhimas Taufika Putra ◽  
Samanhudi Samanhudi ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<p>Ginger (<em>Zingiber officinale</em>) is one kind of plants to be processed as traditional medicine, drinks, and spices. the smallest type of ginger that has many benefits as medical plant. Demand for ginger plants growing in the community is increasing. Additions of manure and arbuscular mychorrhizal fungi (AMF) can increase the quality and quantity of ginger. This was conducted to obtain the kinds of manure and levels of AMF to ginger to produce optimum growth and yield. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of two treatment factors, namely planting medium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Results were analyzed by analysis of variance and if there is a real difference continued DMRT 5% level. The results showed that the differences in the kinds of manure and the levels of AMF increase growth and yield of ginger. Chicken manure application showed the highest results in the fresh weight of stover plant, dry weight of plant stover, fresh weight of plant rhizomes, and dry weight of the rhizomes. Whereas the additions of AMF 15 grams per plant in zeolite showed the highest results in the number of plant tillers, dry weight of plant stover, fresh weight of plant rhizomes, and dry weight of the rhizomes.</p>

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal colonization and diversity and corn genotype yield in soils of the Cerrado region, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4107
Author(s):  
Sueli Da Silva Aquino ◽  
Márcia Helena Scabora ◽  
João Antonio Da Costa Andrade ◽  
Sandra Maria Gomes da Costa ◽  
Kátia Luciene Maltoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Technological Condition ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

The degree of interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and host plants appears to depend on plant genotype, which differentially promotes symbiosis and leads to different degree of mycotrophism. The aim of the present study was to assess root colonization, spore density, and diversity of AMF, as well as yield of corn (Zea mays) genotypes in soil from the Cerrado region of Brazil. Number of spores (NS), mycorrhizal colonization (COL), plant and ear height, dry weight (DW), and grain yield (GY) were assessed in inbred lines and their hybrids. Randomized blocks were used for the experimental design, with 30 treatments (genotypes) and three repetitions. The experiment was conducted on the farm of the UNESP-São Paulo State University, Campus of Ilha Solteira, and the plots were composed of two 2-m-long rows, with 0.85 m between rows, and 0.20 m between plants. Qualitative and quantitative changes were observed in fungal compositions, as well as preferential associations between symbiotic partners. Analysis of AMF diversity revealed the presence of 12 species, with Scutellospora calospora and Entrophospora colombiana being the most abundant in all treatments. The species Acaulospora longula, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus macrocarpum, and Gigaspora margarita exhibited preferential associations with certain genotypes. COL and GY differed among inbred lines and single-cross hybrids and the significant correlations between COL and the DW and GY showed positive interactions between the plants and AMF. There was no correlation between heterosis for GY and heterosis for colonization. These single-cross hybrids HS83 × E3 and D3 × F5 exhibited high GY, evidencing a productivity potential for the low technological condition used.

scholarly journals Penggunaan spora cendawan mikoriza arbuskula sebagai inokulum untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan serapan hara bibit kelapa sawit Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spore as inoculant to increase growth and nutrient uptake of oil palm seedling

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Happy WIDIASTUTI ◽  
Nampiah SUKARNO ◽  
Latifah Kosim DARUSMAN ◽  
Didiek Hadjar GOENADI ◽  
Sally SMITH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Spore Number

SummaryA green house experiment was conducted tostudy the effect of spore number and species ofAM fungi as inoculant of oil palm. Two species ofAM fungi was evaluated in this study namelyAcaulospora tuberculata and Gigaspora margaritaand three spore number were tested i. e 200, 350,and 500 spores. There two fungi have thepotential as AM fungi inoculant for oil palm. Thesoil used was acid soil from Cikopomayak, WestJava while the oil palm seedling was from OilPalm Research Institute, Medan. A polybag sized20 x 40 cm was used. Spores as type of inoculantaffect the oil palm growth in longer time. Thebest growth of the seedling in term of height,fresh, and dry weight was obtained byinoculation at 500 spores of A. tuberculata andG. margarita. However, at 500 spores perpolybag, growth and N, P, and K uptake ofseedlings inoculated with A. tuberculata andG. margarita were not significantly differentexcept for seedling and root fresh weight. Oilpalm seedling inoculated with A. tuberculata at500 spores per seedling resulted higher root andseedling fresh weight compared with thoseinoculated with G. margarita. The different effectof seedling on A. tuberculata and G. margaritainoculation at 200 and 350 spores per seedlingwere only observed in plant height, fresh and dryweight of seedlings. The plant height, fresh, anddry weight of seedlings inoculated withA. tuberculata at 200 and 350 spores per seedlingwere higher compared with those inoculatedwith G. margarita. In addition inoculation withA. tuberculata at 200 spores per seedling resultedhigher N and K uptake of seedling compared withthose inoculated with G. margarita.RingkasanSuatu penelitian rumah kaca telah dilakukanuntuk mempelajari pengaruh jumlah spora danspesies cendawan mikoriza arbuskula (CMA)sebagai inokulum pada bibit kelapa sawit. Duaspesies CMA yang diuji ialah Acaulosporatuberculata dan Gigaspora margarita sedangkanjumlah spora yang diuji ada tiga tingkat yaitu200, 350, dan 500 spora. Bibit kelapa sawitberumur dua bulan ditanam di polibag berukuran20 x 40 cm yang berisi tanah yang bereaksimasam berasal dari Cikopomayak. Hasil yangdiperoleh menunjukkan bahwa spora sebaganokulum bibit kelapa sawit dapat mempengaruhipertumbuhan kelapa sawit namun diperlukanwaktu yang lebih lama untuk mendapatkanrespons inokulasi. Pertumbuhan tertinggi padapeubah tinggi bibit, bobot basah, dan bobotkering diperoleh pada inokulasi sebanyak 500spora per polibag baik untuk A. tuberculatamaupun G. margarita. Namun, pada inokulasisebanyak 500 spora per polibag, pertumbuhandan serapan N, P, dan K bibit yang diinokulasiA. tuberculata dan G. margarita tidak berbedanyata kecuali pada peubah bobot basah akar danbobot basah bibit. Bobot basah akar dan bobotbasah bibit kelapa sawit yang diinokulasiA. tuberculata sebanyak 500 spora, lebih tinggidibandingkan dengan bibit yang diinokulasidengan G. margarita pada jumlah spora yangsama. Pengaruh spesies hanya dapat ditunjukkanpada inokulasi 200 dan 350 spora khususnya padapeubah tinggi bibit, bobot basah, dan bobotkering bibit. Tinggi bibit, bobot basah dan bobotkering bibit yang diinokulasi A. tuberculata padajumlah spora 200 dan 350 per polibag lebih tinggidibandingkan dengan yang diinokulasiG. margarita. Tampak bahwa inokulasiA. tuberculata dengan 200 spora per polibagmenghasilkan serapan N dan K lebih tinggidibandingkan dengan yang diinokulasiG. margarita pada jumlah spora yang sama.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal colonization and diversity and corn genotype yield in soils of the Cerrado region, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sueli Da Silva Aquino ◽  
Márcia Helena Scabora ◽  
João Antonio Da Costa Andrade ◽  
Sandra Maria Gomes da Costa ◽  
Kátia Luciene Maltoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Technological Condition ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

<p>The degree of interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and host plants appears to depend on plant genotype, which differentially promotes symbiosis and leads to different degree of mycotrophism. The aim of the present study was to assess root colonization, spore density, and diversity of AMF, as well as yield of corn (<em>Zea mays) </em>genotypes in soil from the Cerrado region of Brazil. Number of spores (NS), mycorrhizal colonization (COL), plant and ear height, dry weight (DW), and grain yield (GY) were assessed in inbred lines and their hybrids. Randomized blocks were used for the experimental design, with 30 treatments (genotypes) and three repetitions. The experiment was conducted on the farm of the UNESP-São Paulo State University, Campus of Ilha Solteira, and the plots were composed of two 2-m-long rows, with 0.85 m between rows, and 0.20 m between plants. Qualitative and quantitative changes were observed in fungal compositions, as well as preferential associations between symbiotic partners. Analysis of AMF diversity revealed the presence of 12 species, with <em>Scutellospora calospora </em>and <em>Entrophospora colombiana </em>being the most abundant in all treatments. The species <em>Acaulospora longula</em>, <em>Glomus etunicatum</em>, <em>Glomus macrocarpum, </em>and <em>Gigaspora margarita </em>exhibited preferential associations with certain genotypes. COL and GY differed among inbred lines and single-cross hybrids and the significant correlations between COL and the DW and GY showed positive interactions between the plants and AMF. There was no correlation between heterosis for GY and heterosis for colonization. These single-cross hybrids HS83 × E3 and D3 × F5 exhibited high GY, evidencing a productivity potential for the low technological condition used.</p>

scholarly journals Rhizobium and Mycorrhizal Fungal Species Improved Soybean Yield Under Drought Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozede N. Igiehon ◽  
Olubukola O. Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pod Number

AbstractFood insecurity is a serious threat due to the increasing human population particularly in developing countries and may be minimized by the use of microbial inoculants. Also, the problems of excessive use of chemical fertilizers including the fact that most of the fertilizers are relatively non-affordable and that they also contaminate underground and surface water, which can increase the risk of blue baby syndrome in infants and stomach cancer in adults. There is therefore the need to harness a more cost-effective, eco-friendly and beneficial biological agents to improve crops productivity especially under drought conditions. Thus, in this study, the ability of rhizobia species and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to enhance soybean tolerance to drought stress under water regimens of 100, 70 and 40% field capacity (FC) was investigated. It was observed that co-inoculation of soybean with Rhizobium spp. (R1+R3) as well as with Rhizobium spp. and mycorrhizal consortium (R1+R3MY) had significant impacts (P < 0.05) on soybean leaf relative water content and electrolyte leakage, respectively. The levels of proline increased mainly in microbially amended soybean exposed to drought stress. Plants inoculated with R1+R3MY showed the highest number of spore and % mycorrhization in all the water regimes. At 40% FC, R1+R3MY treatment was found to promote soybean growth compared to the non-inoculated plants. Similarly, at 40% FC, R1+R3MY inoculum had the greatest impacts on soybean pod number, seed number, seed fresh weight, highest seed number per pod and seed dry weight while at 70% water stress, significant impacts of R1MY inoculation were observed on pod number, pod fresh weight and seed dry weight. These results revealed that co-inoculation of rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi can be harnessed biotechnologically to proffer solution to food insecurity.

Mycorrhizal fungi affect root stele tissue in grasses

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1778-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Miller ◽  
B. A. D. Hetrick ◽  
G. W. T. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Root Anatomy ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
C4 Grasses ◽  
C3 Grasses ◽  
C3 And C4 Grasses

Although arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis was initially believed to have little or no impact on root morphology, we now recognize that subtle changes do occur and that these changes may be of considerable consequence to host growth and nutrition, as well as functional growth strategy. In examining the stele and root diameters of C3 and C4 grasses, C4 grasses were demonstrated to have a significantly larger proportion of their fibrous roots occupied by stele tissue than do C3 grasses. In fact, functional growth strategy (C3 versus C4) was observed to be a relatively good predictor of stele area. Mycorrhizal fungi also influenced the amount of stele tissue, but the effect was not the same for both C3 and C4 grasses. The stele area of all C4 grasses except for Sorghastrum nutans was greater in the presence of mycorrhizal colonization. Among the C3 grasses, only Bromus inermis showed a significant increase, although Elymus cinereus and Lolium perenne displayed significant decreases in response to arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization. Changes in the stele area of the plant species were closely related to their responsiveness to mycorrhizal symbiosis and might in part explain both beneficial and detrimental responses of plants to mycorrhizae. An increase in stele circumference induced by mycorrhizae would allow for greater uptake and passage of water and nutrients to the vascular cylinder, and growth depressions could be a direct outcome of reduced stele circumference. Thus, differences in stele circumference represent a possible mechanism for mycorrhizal impacts on host plants. These findings indicate that structural differences among grasses are related to different functional capabilities and further emphasize the need for better integration of comparative anatomy and morphology procedures in the study of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Key words: stele, root anatomy, mycorrhizal dependency, functional growth strategy, mycorrhiza, C3 and C4 grasses.

scholarly journals Citric acid and AMF Inoculation Combination Assisted phytoextraction of vanadium (V) by Medicago Sativa in V Mining Contaminated Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lang Qiu ◽  
Wenlong Gao ◽  
Zhigang Wang ◽  
Baoqin Li ◽  
Weimin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Amf Inoculation

Abstract The use of citric acid (CA) chelator to facilitate metal bioavailability is a promising approach for phytoextraction of heavy metal contaminants. However, the role of CA chelator associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on phytoextraction of vanadium (V) has not been studied. Therefore, in this study, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of CA chelator and AMF inoculation on plant growth and V phytoextraction in the V mining contaminated soil by Medicago sativa Linn. (M. sativa). The experiment was performed via CA (at 0, 5 and 10 mM kg− 1 soil levels) application alone or in combination with AMF inoculation. Plant biomass, root mycorrhizal colonization, P and V accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activity in plant, and soil chemical speciation of V were evaluated. Results depicted (1) a marked decline in plant biomass and root mycorrhizal colonization in 5- and 10-mM CA treatments which were accompanied by a significant increased V accumulation in M. sativa tissues. The effects could be attributed to the enhancement of bioavailable V by mainly transferring from the reducible to acid-soluble V fraction. (2) The presence of CA significantly enhanced P acquisition while the ratio of P/V concentration in plant shoots and roots decreased, owing to the increased V translocation from soil to plant. (3) In both CA treated soil, AMF symbiosis significantly improved dry weight (31.4–73.3%) and P content (37.3-122.5%) in shoot and root of M. sativa, and showed markedly contribution in reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) content (12.8–16.2%) and higher antioxidants (SOD, POD and CAT) activities in the leaves, suggesting their combination could promote growth performance and stimulate antioxidant response alleviating V stress induced by CA chelator. (4) Taken together, 10 mM kg− 1 CA application and AMF inoculation combination exhibited higher amount of extracted V both in the shoot and root. Thus, citric acid-AMF-plant symbiosis provides a novel remediation strategy for in situ V phytoextraction by M. sativa in the contaminated soil.

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