scholarly journals In Vitro Rooting and Subsequent Survival of Two Clones of a Cold-tolerant Eucalyptus grandis × E. nitens Hybrid

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Oscar Mokotedi ◽  
M. Paula Watt ◽  
Norman W. Pammenter ◽  
Felicity C. Blakeway
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Cold Tolerant

Multiple shoots of two Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maid. × E. nitens (Deane & Maid.) Maid. clones (GN121 and GN107) generated from axillary buds were used for in vitro rooting studies. The highest rooting rates in clones GN121 (75%) and GN107 (65%) were achieved on modified 1/4-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) (1962) medium (Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels as for 3/4-strength MS), 0.5 μm IBA, 0.4 μm biotin, 0.2 μm calcium pantothenate, 0.04 m sucrose and 0.4% (w/v) Gelrite®. The optimal culture conditions were an initial 72-h dark incubation period followed by a 16-hour photoperiod at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 37 μmol·m-2·s-1 and 23 °C day/21 °C night for 7 days, after which the PPFD and temperature were increased to 66 μmol·m-2·s-1 and 27 °C day/21 °C night for 18 days. Plantlets were acclimatized with survival rates of 78% for GN121 and 58% for GN107 after 28 days. Chemical name used: indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals The effects of linght emitting diode lighting on growth and development of A. annanesis and A. roxburghii in vitro cultured shoots

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Phan Xuan Binh Minh ◽  
Bui Thi Thanh Phuong ◽  
Pham Huong Son ◽  
Tran Minh Hoi ◽  
Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Suitable Habitats

A. annamensis and A. roxburghii belong to Orchidaceae family that has medicinal and ornamental plant value. They are in extinct endangered plants in wild due to the over- collected and loss of the suitable habitats. Using the LED lighting source for culture these species in in vitro condition to optimize the culture conditions, reduction of the production cost, especially electric bill for air-corditionning, lighting. In recent years, the trial applied LED which has the feature of energy saving, small size and a longer operating life, for plant production has started. In this study, LED illumination sources are in four different wavelengths of λ= 430- 470 nm; λ= 470-510 nm; λ= 510-560 nm; λ= 560-600 nm and white fluorescent lamp as control with light intensity photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 40 µmol/m2/s photon used to study their effects on the growth and development of A. annamensis and A. roxburghii species. After 8 weeks of implementing, the results showed that the LEDs of λ= 470-510 nm were suitable for the growth and development for A. roxburghii shoots while for A. annamensis, λ = 430- 470 nm were most suitable for budding and λ= 470-510 nm for shoot growth. Citation: Phan Xuan Binh Minh, Bui Thi Thanh Phuong, Pham Huong Son, Tran Minh Hoi, Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan, Vu Thi Thao, 2018. The effects of linght emitting diode lighting on growth and development of A. annanesis and A. roxburghii in vitro cultured shoots. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 40(1): x-xx. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v40n1.10636. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received 23 August 2017, accepted 2 December 2017

scholarly journals Biofertlizer Lumbrical improves the growth and ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Nataliya Dimitrova ◽  
Lilyana Nacheva ◽  
Małgorzata Berova ◽  
Danuta Kulpa
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In vitro micropropagation of plants is highly useful for obtaining large quantities of planting material with valuable economic qualities. However, plantlets grow in vitro in a specific environment and the adaptation after the transfer to ex vitro conditions is difficult. Therefore, the acclimatization is a key step, which mostly determines the success of micropropagation. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of the biofertlizer Lumbrical on ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear rootstock OHF 333 (Pyrus communis L.). Micropropagated and rooted plantlets were potted in peat and perlite (2:1) mixture with or without Lumbrical. They were grown in a growth chamber at a temperature of 22±2 °C and photoperiod of 16/8 hours supplied by cool-white fluorescent lamps (150 µmol m-2 s-1 Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density, PPFD). The plants were covered with transparent foil to maintain the high humidity, and ten days later, the humidity was gradually decreased. Biometric parameters, anatomic-morphological analyses, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll a fluorescence (JIP test) were measured 21 days after transplanting the plants to ex vitro conditions. The obtained results showed that the plants, acclimatized ex vitro in the substrate with Lumbrical, presented better growth (stem length, number of leaves, leaf area and fresh mass) and photosynthetic characteristics as compared to the control plants. This biostimulator could also be used to improve acclimatization in other woody species

scholarly journals Increased CO2 and Light Promote in Vitro Shoot Growth and Development of Theobroma cacao

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Figueira ◽  
Anna Whipkey ◽  
Jules Janick
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes

Axillary shoots of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), induced in vitro with cytokinins (BA or TDZ), elongated and produced leaves only in the presence of cotyledons and/or roots. Detached axillary shoots, which do not grow in `vitro under conventional tissue culture protocols, rooted with auxin and developed normally in vivo. Detached axillary shoots from cotyledonary nodes and single-node cuttings from mature plants were induced to elongate and produce normal leaves in the presence of 20,000 ppm CO2 and a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 150 to 200 μmol·s-1·m-2. Subculture nodal cuttings continued to elongate and produce leaves under elevated CO2 and light levels, and some formed roots. Subculture of microcuttings under CO2 enrichment could be the basis for a rapid system of micropropagation for cacao. Chemical names used: N -(phenylmethyl) -1 H -purin-6-amine (BA); 1 H -indole-3-butyric `acid (IBA); α -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); thidiazuron (TDZ).

scholarly journals Effect of Iron Source and Medium pH on Growth and Development of Sorbus commixta In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Jie Xiao ◽  
Yoo Gyeong Park ◽  
Ge Guo ◽  
Byoung Ryong Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Iron Sulfate ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

Sorbus commixta is a valuable hardwood plant with a high economical value for its medicinal and ornamental qualities. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of the iron (Fe) source and medium pH on the growth and development of S. commixta in vitro. The Fe sources used, including non-chelated iron sulfate (FeSO4), iron ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Fe-EDTA), and iron diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Fe-DTPA), were supplemented to the Multipurpose medium with a final Fe concentration of 2.78 mg·L−1. The medium without any supplementary Fe was used as the control. The pH of the agar-solidified medium was adjusted to either 4.70, 5.70, or 6.70. The experiment was conducted in a culture room for six weeks with 25 °C day and night temperatures, and a 16-h photoperiod with a light intensity of 50 mmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Both the Fe source and pH affected the growth and development of the micropropagated plants in vitro. The leaves were greener in the pH 4.70 and 5.70 treatments. The tissue Fe content decreased with the increase of the medium pH. The leaf chlorophyll content was similar between plants treated with FeSO4 and those with Fe-EDTA. The numbers of the shoots and roots of plantlets treated with FeSO4 were 2.5 and 2 times greater than those of the control, respectively. The fresh and dry weights of the shoot and the root were the greatest for plants treated with Fe-EDTA combined with pH 5.70. The calcium, magnesium, and manganese contents in the plantlets increased in the pH 5.70 treatments regardless of the Fe source. Supplementary Fe decreased the activity of ferric chelate reductase. Overall, although the plantlets absorbed more Fe at pH 4.70, Fe-EDTA combined with pH 5.70 was found to be the best for the growth and development of S. commixta in vitro.

scholarly journals CO2 assimilation and transpiration balance in species of genus Vitis cultivated in vivo and in vitro. Estimation of stomatal and cuticular transpiration in vitro

OENO One ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Francesco Iacono ◽  
Lucia Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Cuticular Transpiration ◽  
Vitis Riparia

<p style="text-align: justify;">The influence of genotype on leaf gas exchange was investigated for <em>Vitis riparia</em> and <em>Vitis rupestris</em> plants cultured <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>. Gas exchange was measured at constant temperature and photosynthetic photon flux density and at varying relative humidity from 75 p. cent to 65 p. cent.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Differences of transpiration and CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation rates between genotypes were observed that did not depend upon conditions. Water use efficiency was strongly controlled by the genotype.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Linear correlations between assimilation, transpiration and relative humidity were used to estimate extra stomatal (cuticular) and stomatal transpiration of <em>in vitro</em> plants. Cuticular transpiration of in vitro plants was also measured directly during the darkness. Our results confirmed the indirect estimates of cuticular transpiration elaborated with a linear regression model. Results also show that cuticular transpiration of <em>in vitro</em> grown plants may be relevant and is strongly influenced by the genotype. Similarly, the sensitivity of plantlets to transplantation from <em>in vitro</em> to <em>in vivo</em> conditions may be strongly related by the genotype.</p>

scholarly journals Microtuberization of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) under Saline Stress

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 873B-873
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
D. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Nodal Cuttings ◽  
Microtuber Induction ◽  
Night Period

In vitro bioassays for screening and selection of salinity (NaCl)-tolerant potato have primarily focused on nodal cuttings. However, the relative tolerance of the microtuberization stage to salinized medium may be more relevant. A two-step microtuberization protocol was used in which in vitro layering was followed by microtuber induction in salinized media. `Norland', `Russet Burbank', and `Superior' shoots were layered in liquid Murashige and Skoog (1962) basal salt medium with 20 g sucrose/liter and incubated for 4 weeks at 25C with 50 μmol–m–2·s–1 photosynthetic photon flux density and 16-h day/8-h night period. Medium was replaced with liquid medium containing 80 g sucrose/liter and NaCl at 0, 80, or 160 mM. Cultures were incubated for 4 weeks at 15C with 50 μmol–m–2–s–1 photosynthetic photon flux density and 8-h day/16-h night period. Relative salinity tolerance of cultivars differed during the microtuberization stage. Low salinity (80 mM) stimulated, but high salinity (160 mM) depressed, microtuber yields compared with controls.

Temperature and photoperiod responses of soybean embryos cultured in vitro

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2411-2413 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. David Raper Jr. ◽  
Robert P. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Temperature Water ◽  
Excised Embryos

Temperature and photoperiod each have direct effects on growth rate of excised embryos of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). To determine if the effects of photoperiod are altered by temperature, embryos of 'Ransom II' were cultured in vitro at 18, 24, and 30 °C under photoperiod durations of 12 and 18 h at an irradiance of 9 W m−2 (700 to 850 nm) and a photosynthetic photon flux density of 58 μmol m−2 s−1 (400 to 700 nm). Accumulation rates of fresh and dry weight were greater under 18-h than 12-h photoperiods over the entire range of temperature. Water content of the cultured embryos was not affected by photoperiod but was greater at 18 and 30 than 24 °C. The accumulation rate of dry weight increased from 18 to 26 but declined at 30 °C.

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