scholarly journals Biofertlizer Lumbrical improves the growth and ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Nataliya Dimitrova ◽  
Lilyana Nacheva ◽  
Małgorzata Berova ◽  
Danuta Kulpa
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In vitro micropropagation of plants is highly useful for obtaining large quantities of planting material with valuable economic qualities. However, plantlets grow in vitro in a specific environment and the adaptation after the transfer to ex vitro conditions is difficult. Therefore, the acclimatization is a key step, which mostly determines the success of micropropagation. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of the biofertlizer Lumbrical on ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear rootstock OHF 333 (Pyrus communis L.). Micropropagated and rooted plantlets were potted in peat and perlite (2:1) mixture with or without Lumbrical. They were grown in a growth chamber at a temperature of 22±2 °C and photoperiod of 16/8 hours supplied by cool-white fluorescent lamps (150 µmol m-2 s-1 Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density, PPFD). The plants were covered with transparent foil to maintain the high humidity, and ten days later, the humidity was gradually decreased. Biometric parameters, anatomic-morphological analyses, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll a fluorescence (JIP test) were measured 21 days after transplanting the plants to ex vitro conditions. The obtained results showed that the plants, acclimatized ex vitro in the substrate with Lumbrical, presented better growth (stem length, number of leaves, leaf area and fresh mass) and photosynthetic characteristics as compared to the control plants. This biostimulator could also be used to improve acclimatization in other woody species

scholarly journals The effects of linght emitting diode lighting on growth and development of A. annanesis and A. roxburghii in vitro cultured shoots

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Phan Xuan Binh Minh ◽  
Bui Thi Thanh Phuong ◽  
Pham Huong Son ◽  
Tran Minh Hoi ◽  
Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Suitable Habitats

A. annamensis and A. roxburghii belong to Orchidaceae family that has medicinal and ornamental plant value. They are in extinct endangered plants in wild due to the over- collected and loss of the suitable habitats. Using the LED lighting source for culture these species in in vitro condition to optimize the culture conditions, reduction of the production cost, especially electric bill for air-corditionning, lighting. In recent years, the trial applied LED which has the feature of energy saving, small size and a longer operating life, for plant production has started. In this study, LED illumination sources are in four different wavelengths of λ= 430- 470 nm; λ= 470-510 nm; λ= 510-560 nm; λ= 560-600 nm and white fluorescent lamp as control with light intensity photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 40 µmol/m2/s photon used to study their effects on the growth and development of A. annamensis and A. roxburghii species. After 8 weeks of implementing, the results showed that the LEDs of λ= 470-510 nm were suitable for the growth and development for A. roxburghii shoots while for A. annamensis, λ = 430- 470 nm were most suitable for budding and λ= 470-510 nm for shoot growth. Citation: Phan Xuan Binh Minh, Bui Thi Thanh Phuong, Pham Huong Son, Tran Minh Hoi, Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan, Vu Thi Thao, 2018. The effects of linght emitting diode lighting on growth and development of A. annanesis and A. roxburghii in vitro cultured shoots. Tap chi Sinh hoc, 40(1): x-xx. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v40n1.10636. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received 23 August 2017, accepted 2 December 2017

scholarly journals Morphological and physiological responses of Cedrela Fissilis Vellozo (Meliaceae) seedlings to light

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Leonardo dos Santos ◽  
Miroslava Rakocevic ◽  
Massanori Takaki ◽  
Jorge Ribaski
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Light Radiation ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Shade Plants

Seeds of Cedrela fissilis Vellozo were planted and maintained under two distinct conditions: at east border of a forest with red: far-red ratio of 1.15 and under canopy with photosynthetic photon flux density of 0.22-7% of full sun radiation and red: far-red ratio of 0.21-0.36. Seedling growth (height and stem diameter) was faster under sun, the development of roots more continuous and the number of leaves almost twice of that of shade plants. The leaf area was 10 times greater in sun plants with 15-25 leaflets per leaf while under shade only 5 to 10 leaflets were found per leaf. In shade plants, a higher proportion of dry mass was found in aerial parts. Leaves of sun plants had the capacity of gas exchange to respond to high light radiation, but leaves adapted to shade presented a lower response to light changes. When shade plants were transferred and maintained under the sun for 15 days, only the young leaves were adapted to increased light radiation, reaching the same photosynthetic rate as sun plants, while old leaves were shed. Sun plants transferred to shade conditions did not lose leaves, but did not reach the same photosynthetic rate attained by shade plants.

scholarly journals Increased CO2 and Light Promote in Vitro Shoot Growth and Development of Theobroma cacao

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Figueira ◽  
Anna Whipkey ◽  
Jules Janick
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes

Axillary shoots of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), induced in vitro with cytokinins (BA or TDZ), elongated and produced leaves only in the presence of cotyledons and/or roots. Detached axillary shoots, which do not grow in `vitro under conventional tissue culture protocols, rooted with auxin and developed normally in vivo. Detached axillary shoots from cotyledonary nodes and single-node cuttings from mature plants were induced to elongate and produce normal leaves in the presence of 20,000 ppm CO2 and a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 150 to 200 μmol·s-1·m-2. Subculture nodal cuttings continued to elongate and produce leaves under elevated CO2 and light levels, and some formed roots. Subculture of microcuttings under CO2 enrichment could be the basis for a rapid system of micropropagation for cacao. Chemical names used: N -(phenylmethyl) -1 H -purin-6-amine (BA); 1 H -indole-3-butyric `acid (IBA); α -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); thidiazuron (TDZ).

scholarly journals Effect of Colour of Light on Rooting Cuttings and Subsequent Growth of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum Ramat./Kitam.)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Anita Schroeter-Zakrzewska ◽  
Faisal Anggi Pradita
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Flower Head ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Leaf Greenness

A closed system for plant production with artificial light is an innovative method of plant cultivation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of light colour on rooting cuttings and subsequent growth of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum Ramat./Kitam.) During the experiments, the following conditions were maintained: photoperiod 16 h or 10 h, temperature 22 °C, relative humidity of 65–70%. LED lamps emitted the following light colours: white, blue, white + blue (50:50), and red + blue (75:25). For all light spectra, the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was 50 μmol m−2 s−1. The effectiveness of exposure to different light colours was measured with parameters: cutting weight (g), cutting length (cm), length of roots, and index of leaf greenness (SPAD). The measurements referred to plant features determining plant quality, i.e., the number of flower buds and flower head, the diameter of the flower head, height of plants, index of leaf greenness (SPAD), the number of leaves, and the fresh and dry weights of aboveground parts of plants. The rooting of cuttings and subsequent growth are integral processes in the cultivation of potted chrysanthemums. Both were differently affected by the colour of light from LED lamps. The exposure to red + blue light resulted in the highest leaf greenness index (SPAD) value and the shortest cuttings with the longest roots. White + blue light significantly influenced most of the growth parameters, except the height of the plants and the number of leaves.

scholarly journals Effect of Iron Source and Medium pH on Growth and Development of Sorbus commixta In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Jie Xiao ◽  
Yoo Gyeong Park ◽  
Ge Guo ◽  
Byoung Ryong Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Iron Sulfate ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

Sorbus commixta is a valuable hardwood plant with a high economical value for its medicinal and ornamental qualities. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of the iron (Fe) source and medium pH on the growth and development of S. commixta in vitro. The Fe sources used, including non-chelated iron sulfate (FeSO4), iron ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Fe-EDTA), and iron diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Fe-DTPA), were supplemented to the Multipurpose medium with a final Fe concentration of 2.78 mg·L−1. The medium without any supplementary Fe was used as the control. The pH of the agar-solidified medium was adjusted to either 4.70, 5.70, or 6.70. The experiment was conducted in a culture room for six weeks with 25 °C day and night temperatures, and a 16-h photoperiod with a light intensity of 50 mmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Both the Fe source and pH affected the growth and development of the micropropagated plants in vitro. The leaves were greener in the pH 4.70 and 5.70 treatments. The tissue Fe content decreased with the increase of the medium pH. The leaf chlorophyll content was similar between plants treated with FeSO4 and those with Fe-EDTA. The numbers of the shoots and roots of plantlets treated with FeSO4 were 2.5 and 2 times greater than those of the control, respectively. The fresh and dry weights of the shoot and the root were the greatest for plants treated with Fe-EDTA combined with pH 5.70. The calcium, magnesium, and manganese contents in the plantlets increased in the pH 5.70 treatments regardless of the Fe source. Supplementary Fe decreased the activity of ferric chelate reductase. Overall, although the plantlets absorbed more Fe at pH 4.70, Fe-EDTA combined with pH 5.70 was found to be the best for the growth and development of S. commixta in vitro.

scholarly journals Effects of changes in the photosynthetic photon flux density on net gas exchange of Citrus limon and Nicotiana tabacum

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Pimentel ◽  
Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro ◽  
Mauro Guida dos Santos ◽  
Ricardo Ferraz de Oliveira ◽  
Eduardo Caruso Machado
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of changes in the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) on net gas exchange of Citrus limon, a woody species, and Nicotiana tabacum, an herbaceous species. When PPFD was increased from 50 to 350 mumol.m-2.s-1 and returned to 50 mumol.m-2.s-1 after 60 min, the CO2 assimilation rate (A) increased and stabilized after 15 min in both species. Stomatal conductance (g s), however, continued to increase. After returning to low PPFD, A immediately diminished to a low value for both lemon and tobacco. Stomatal conductance of lemon diminished slowly over 60 min, whereas g s for tobacco took only 15 min to decrease. This difference in behavior is probably due to over-sensitivity of stomata of woody species, such as Citrus, when exposed to high light, retarding stomatal closure on return to low PPFD. Furthermore, when lemon, growing at a PPFD of 300 mumol.m-2.s-1, was submitted to a step increase of 600 mumol.m-2.s-1, there was an oscillatory behavior of A and g s requiring 150 min to stabilize. The causes of this behavior are discussed with respect to improved intrinsic water use efficiency by stomatal closure.

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