(64) Effect of Plug Flats on Posttransplant Growth and Prevention of Stunting

Plug production is an integral part of today's floriculture industry. However, if seedlings are held in plug flats for too long, they may not return to a normal growth rate after transplanting. Stunting may render plants unsuitable for sale. Common bedding plant and cut flower species were grown in 288-plug flats to determine how long plugs could be held in the flats and still regain a normal growth rate and desirable growth form after transplanting. Species surveyed included: Antirrhinum, Begonia, Brassica, Callistephus, Celosia, Consolida, Dianthus, Eustoma, Gazania, Helianthus, Impatiens, Lycopersicon, Matthiola, Tagetes, and Viola. Ten randomly selected plugs were transplanted to 15- or 17-cm pots every 1 or 2 weeks for 10 weeks, when root balls were sufficiently developed to hold together after removal from the flat. Overall plant height was recorded for all species every 1 or 2 weeks. Plant diameter was recorded every 2 weeks for Begonia, Celosia, Eustoma, Helianthus, Impatiens, Lycopersicon, and Tagetes. A plug was considered to be stunted if it died after transplanting or did not resume a normal growth rate. Species that exhibited stunting included Brassica, Callistephus, Celosia, Consolida, Dianthus, and Tagetes. For example, Consolida seedlings held in the plug flat for 7 weeks after optimal transplanting time were six times smaller than those that were transplanted at the optimal time. Several factors were investigated to determine how they affected the degree of stunting, including: light quality, root obstruction, nitrogen enrichment prior to transplanting, gibberellic acid addition prior to transplanting, teasing of the root ball prior to transplanting, and length of drainage column.

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The promotion of winter growth in pastures through growth substances and photoperiod

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9670245 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 245 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

GW Arnold ◽

D Bennett ◽

CN Williams

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Subterranean Clover ◽

Normal Growth ◽

Floral Initiation ◽

Growth Substances ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Annual Grasses ◽

Grazing Systems

The effects of growth substances and extended photoperiod on the growth rate of phalaris-annual grasses-subterranean clover pastures were studied at Canberra in the winter of 1964. Responses to applications of 4 and 20 g gibberellic acid (GA) per acre differed for June and July applications. All available data on GA responses on this pasture type were collated. Responses to GA increased with decreased growth rate of normal pasture. Thus a sixfold increase in growth rate was obtained when the normal growth rate was 2 lb dry matter/acre/day. Responses were independent of dose rate (from 1 to 105 g GA per acre) or time of application. Responses to GA were obtained subsequent to the first harvest. The length of time during which cumulative growth on GA-treated pastures exceeded that on normal pastures was related to the growth rate of the normal pastures. The response in growth to 4 g GA could be increased to the level of that obtained with 20 g GA by the addition of either 4 g naphthylacetic acid or 4 g kinetin. Phalaris showed greater response to GA than did annual grasses or subterranean clover. Extending the photoperiod to 16 hr gave a 40% increase in growth rate in winter. This was associated with earlier floral initiation whereas increases in growth rate induced by growth substances were not. These results are discussed in relation to increasing plant and animal productivity in year-round grazing systems.

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Effects of exogenously applied growth regulators on shoot growth of inbred lines of Plantago major differing in relative growth rate: differential response to gibberellic acid and (2-chloroethyl)-trimethyl-ammonium chloride

Physiologia Plantarum ◽

10.1111/j.1399-3054.1989.tb05385.x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 512-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Paul Dijkstra ◽

Pieter J. C. Kuiper

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Relative Growth Rate ◽

Ammonium Chloride ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Plantago Major ◽

Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride ◽

Relative Growth

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Recovery of ectomycorrhizal fungi after exposure to subfreezing temperatures

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b79-231 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 57 (17) ◽

pp. 1845-1848 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

R. C. France ◽

M. L. Cline ◽

C. P. P. Reid

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Recovery Time ◽

Growth Form ◽

Rapid Recovery ◽

Active Growth ◽

Growth Recovery ◽

Recovery Times

Seventy-three isolates of eighteen ectomycorrhizal fungi were examined for their growth recovery after a 48-h exposure to −10 °C. Survival of all isolates was 97%. Recovery time to active growth varied between species and within species. Of surviving isolates, 72% initiated growth in less than 2 weeks after thawing. Growth rate was not affected for isolates exhibiting rapid recovery but was significantly lowered for isolates with recovery times of more than 5 weeks. Variation in growth form occurred with some species of Suillus and Xerocomus.

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EFFECT OF SOLID AND LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF ROSSELLE (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) IN THE NIGERIAN SAVANNAH

FUDMA Journal of Sciences ◽

10.33003/fjs-2021-0502-632 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 428-439

Author(s):

K. M. Ladan ◽

M. G. Abubakar ◽

J. Suleiman

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Plant Height ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Assimilation Rate ◽

Area Index ◽

Net Assimilation ◽

100 Seed Weight

The Study was conducted to evaluate the effect of solid and liquid organic fertilizer on growth and yield of rosselle in 2016 cropping season at Institute of Agricultural Reserve Zaria, Samaru (11011’N 07038E and 686m) and Institute of Horticultural Research Farm Bagauda (12000’N 8031”Em 488m) in Northern Guinea Savannah and Sudan Savannah Ecological Zones of above sea level Nigeria. Treatments consisted of four levels of solid poultry manure (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0) tons/ha and five levels of liquid organic manure from Grand Total Organic Fertilizer Limited (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.9) litres/ha, which were factorially combined in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Data on growth parameter were collected on plant height (cm), plant dry weight (g), leaf Area index crop growth rate (CGR) Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net assimilation rate (NAR) while data on yield parameters like number of calyx per pant, 100 seed weight (g) and calyx yield per hectare kg/ha were collected. Results showed that plant height, plant dry weight(g), 100 seed weight(g) and calyx dry yield kg/ha had a significant increase with application of 2.0 litres/ha of liquid fertilizer than other rates. While application of solid poultry manure at 3.0ton/ha significantly increases plant height, net assimilation rate, leaf area index and calyx dry weight when compared with other rates. From the results obtained, the combination of 2.0 litres/ha liquid organic fertilizer and 3.0 ton/ha solid poultry manure produce the highest calyx yield at both location.

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Endogenous hormonal content during grain development in hexaploid and tetraploid wheat

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1608 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 493-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sridhar Gutam ◽

Virendra Nath ◽

GC Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Abscisic Acid ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Grain Growth ◽

Indole Acetic Acid ◽

Tetraploid Wheat ◽

Weight Basis ◽

Ploidy Levels ◽

Hormonal Content

A pot experiment was conducted in the rabi (post rainy) seasons of 2001 and 2002 to study the genotypic differences in grain growth rate and endogenous hormonal content in the developing grains of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat. The endogenous hormonal contents of grains in both the ploidy levels had changed in sequence. At 5 days after anthesis (DAA), gibberellic acid (GA3); at 15 DAA (rapid growth phase), indole-acetic acid (IAA); at 25 DAA (dough stage), abscisic acid (ABA) were maximum. At 35 DAA, all the endogenous hormonal level decreased and among the hormones, ABA was highest followed by IAA and GA3. Hexaploids recorded higher concentrations of endogenous hormones (13.38% IAA, 17.89% GA3, and 14.7% ABA) on fresh weight basis and resulted in higher seed weight (56.99 mg/grain) and grain growth rate (0.009 g/g/day) compared to tetraploids (49.08 mg/grain; 0.008 g/g/day) on dry weight basis by better mobilization of photosynthates during grain filling. Key Words: Grain growth rate, hormones, indole-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, abscisic acid. doi:10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1608 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 493-502, September 2008

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Effect of Gibberellic Acid on the Growth Rate and Physiological Age of Tubers Cultivated from True Potato Seed

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation ◽

10.1007/s00344-016-9616-z ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Alexios A. Alexopoulos ◽

Ioannis C. Karapanos ◽

Konstantinos A. Akoumianakis ◽

Harold C. Passam

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Physiological Age ◽

Potato Seed ◽

True Potato Seed

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High Throughput Field Phenotyping of Wheat Plant Height and Growth Rate in Field Plot Trials Using UAV Based Remote Sensing

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs8121031 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1031 ◽

Cited By ~ 139

Author(s):

Fenner Holman ◽

Andrew Riche ◽

Adam Michalski ◽

March Castle ◽

Martin Wooster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Plant Height ◽

High Throughput ◽

Wheat Plant ◽

Field Plot ◽

Field Phenotyping

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Effects of Photosynthetic Activity Radiation (PAR) on Green Mustard Plant Growth (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis L.)

BULETIN FISIKA ◽

10.24843/bf.2019.v20.i01.p04 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Ni Nyoman Ratini ◽

I Wayan Supardi ◽

Yuli Nurfadhillah

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Plant Height ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Vegetative Phase ◽

Active Radiation ◽

Blue Filter ◽

Mustard Plant ◽

Number Of Leaves

A research on the effect of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) on the growth of green mustard plants has been conducted. The radiation source used is sunlight. Samples have been grouped as a sample which treated by red filter (P1), by orange filter (P2), by purple filter (P3), by green filter (P4), by blue filter (P5) and a sample without filter as a control (P0). Each sample consisted of four plants. The planting was carried out using polybags with compost media. Observations were made from the nursery phase to the slow vegetative phase (day 3rd, when all plants had grown shoots until day 63rd of the harvest). Parameters measured include light intensity, plant height and number of leaves. Measurement is done every three days. Also it measured plant biomass on the last day of observation (63rd day). The results showed that the intensity of each sample had an impact on the harvest. The best growth rate is obtained in P2, both in the nursery phase and fast vegetative phase i.e. 0.119 cm/day and 0.194 cm/day, respectively. While the highest growth rate was obtained in the P3 sample, namely the slow vegetative phase (0.035 cm/day). Overall the best planting results were obtained in P2 samples with plant height of 23.18 cm, number of leaves of 12 strands and plant biomass of 33.56 g.

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