scholarly journals Interaction Between Water and Nitrogen Application on Yields and Water-use Efficiency of Tomato and Pepper in Sandy Soil

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 981C-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincoln Zotarelli ◽  
Johannes Scholberg ◽  
Michael Dukes ◽  
Hannah Snyder ◽  
Rafael Munoz-Carpena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Several practices have been adopted to minimize water use and potential N leaching of vegetable production systems, including use of drip irrigation, plastic mulch, and fertigation. However, these practices may not be adequate on sandy soils with poor water and nutrient retention capacities. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the interactive effects of irrigation practices and fertilizer rates on yield, fertilizer requirements, and N-leaching of pepper and tomato production systems. Bell pepper and tomato were planted on plastic mulched to evaluate the effects of three nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates (154, 192, 288 kg·ha -1 N for pepper vs. 166, 208, and 312 kg·ha-1 N for tomato) and three irrigation scheduling methods were evaluated. Depending on sensor readings, soil moisture sensor (SMS) irrigation treatments allowed up to five watering events per day where as for the fixed duration treatment irrigation was applied once a day. For tomato, the effect of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) was also evaluated. Compared to TIME, use of SMS control system reduced water use by 29& to 44% and 37% to 66% for tomato and pepper, respectively. Tomato yield was significantly higher on SMS and SDI treatments compared to TIME treatments. For pepper yield and biomass accumulation were not affected by irrigation treatments. The average yields were 24.6 and 27.8 Mg·ha-1 of fresh marketable fruits for pepper and tomato, respectively. Nitrogen rate did not affect yield and optimal yield N rate did not affect yield for either crop. On average, SMS treatments increased irrigation water use efficiency 2–3 times compared to TIME treatments for both tomato and pepper.

scholarly journals Nitrate Leaching, Yields, and Water-use Efficiency of Zucchini Squash (Cucubita pepo) under Different Irrigation and Nitrogen Rates and Methods in a Sandy Soil

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 988B-988
Author(s):  
Lincoln Zotarelli ◽  
Johannes Scholberg ◽  
Michael Dukes ◽  
Hannah Snyder ◽  
Eric Simonne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Use Efficiency

On sandy soils, potential N contamination of groundwater resources associated with intensively managed vegetables may hamper the sustainability of these systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between irrigation system design/scheduling and N fertilization rates on zucchini production and potential N leaching. Zucchini was planted during Fall 2005 using three N fertilizer rates (73, 145, 217 kg/ha) and four different irrigation approaches. Irrigation scheduling included surface-applied drip irrigation and fertigation: SUR1 (141 mm applied) and SUR2 (266 mm) using irrigation control system (QIC) that allowed time-based irrigation (up to five events per day) and a threshold setting of 13% and 15% volumetric water content (VWC), respectively; Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) using a QIC setting of 10% VWC (116 mm) combined with surface applied fertigation; and a control treatment with irrigation applied once daily (424 mm). Leacheate volumes were measured by drainage lysimeters. Nitrate leaching increased with irrigation rate and N rate and measured values ranged from 4 to 42 kg N/ha. Use of SDI greatly reduced nitrate leaching compared to other treatments. SDI and SUR1 treatments had no effect on yields (29 Mg/ha). However, SDI had a 15% and 479% higher water use efficiency (WUE) compared to SUR1 and the fixed irrigation duration treatment. Application of N in excess of intermediate N-rate (standard recommendation) did not increase yield but yield was reduced at the lowest N-rate. It is concluded that combining sensor-based SDI with surface applied fertigation resulted similar or higher yields while it reduced both water use and potential N leaching because of improved nutrient retention in the active root zone.

Irrigation scheduling through drip and surface methods- A critical review on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and water use studies of rabi maize

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Kadasiddappa ◽  
V. Praveen Rao
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water is the prime natural resource, which is often costly and limiting input particularly in arid and semi arid regions, hence needs judicious use to reap the maximum benefit from this limiting resource. Indian farmers are now finding ways to shift from traditional practices to more modern technologies for crop production. Of late, drip irrigation is receiving better appreciation, acceptance, and adaption and plays an important role in saving the water in water scarce areas. It enables the efficient use of limited water with higher water use efficiency. Adaptation of drip irrigation in rabi maize which is one of the amenable crop for drip irrigation system is gaining momentum because of its higher productivity coupled with higher price. Irrigation application can be reduced by 50 to 80 per cent with drip irrigation compared to surface irrigation. Further, drip irrigation has the potential for improving two of the most common contributing factors to N leaching – over fertilization and over irrigation. Therefore, optimum irrigation levels with suitable method would help in enhancing the economic yield as well as water use efficiency of maize crop.

scholarly journals Water use efficiency of different production techniques for zucchini

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 42604
Author(s):  
Anita Cristina Costa da Silva ◽  
Willian Fernandes de Almeida ◽  
Luiz Antonio Lima ◽  
Mayra Carolina De Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre Lasmar Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Drip Line ◽  
First Year ◽  
Line Position ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Subsurface Drip

 The effects of pulse drip, drip line position and soil mulch on water use efficiency in yields of zucchini cv. Clarinda were evaluated. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Engineering Department of the Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, for two years. For the first year of the experiment, the experimental design was a randomized block design with a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design (continuous and pulse drip irrigation, surface and subsurface dripping, with and without plastic mulch), with four replications. For the second year of the experiment, the design was completely randomized in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design with eight treatments and five replications. In relation to the position of the drip line, the subsurface drip line was installed at a 0.15-m depth, and the soil mulch was made with double-sided plastic (white/black). The results indicated that pulse drip irrigation did not affect the yield of zucchini and that soil mulch increased the yield and water use efficiency. In terms of the drip line position, the subsurface drip line increased the yield in the first year, but it had no effect on water use efficiency.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Carbon Dioxide Supplementation with Irrigation and Fertilization Management of Geranium and Fountain Grass

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1772-1780
Author(s):  
Hardeep Singh ◽  
Megha R. Poudel ◽  
Bruce Dunn ◽  
Charles Fontanier ◽  
Gopal Kakani
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Increase in ambient carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is beneficial for plant growth due to increased photosynthesis and water use efficiency. A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate how supplemented CO2 influences optimal irrigation and fertilization management for production of two ornamental plants. Two identical greenhouses were used, with one having CO2 supplementation and the other serving as the control with ambient CO2 concentration. Tensiometer-based irrigation treatments were applied at soil tensions of –5, –10, and –15 kPa with 0-, 3-, 6-, or 9-g controlled-release fertilizer rates applied in factorial with irrigation treatments. Plugs of geranium ‘Pinto Premium Rose Bicolor’ and fountain grass were grown under experimental conditions for 12 and 16 weeks, respectively. The results showed that CO2 supplementation increased the dry weight of geranium ‘Pinto Premium Rose Bicolor’ and fountain grass by 35% and 39%, respectively. Under the two driest irrigation regimes (–10 and –15 kPa), photosynthesis of geranium ‘Pinto Premium Rose Bicolor’ increased with CO2 supplementation compared with the ambient condition. Similarly, for fountain grass, the moderately watered (–10 kPa) treatment had a greater rate of photosynthesis with greater fertilizer rates of 6 or 9 g. CO2 supplementation resulted in increased water use efficiency of both species, whereas rate of transpiration was lower only in fountain grass. Among different fertilizer rates, 6- or 9-g fertilizer rates had greater values for dry weight, number of flowers, and stomatal conductance in both species. Therefore, it can be concluded that CO2 supplementation can help in efficient use of water for greenhouse production of ornamental plants.

Water use efficiency and productivity of habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) based on two transplanting dates

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutilo López-López ◽  
Marco Antonio Inzunza-Ibarra ◽  
Ignacio Sánchez-Cohen ◽  
Andrés Fierro-Álvarez ◽  
Ernesto Sifuentes-Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Habanero Pepper ◽  
Use Efficiency

Habanero pepper production was assessed with drip irrigation and plastic mulch, based on two transplanting dates. The objectives of the study were: (i) to evaluate the effect of two transplanting dates and the use of plastic mulch on water productivity and habanero pepper fruit yield under drip irrigation conditions; and (ii) to determine the profitability and economic viability of the product in the regional market. The work was conducted in the municipality of Huimanguillo, state of Tabasco, Mexico, in loam soils classified as Eutric Fluvisol. The Jaguar variety of habanero pepper, developed by INIFAP and possessing better genetic and productive characteristics, was used. Two transplanting dates were studied, (i) 30 January 2013 and (ii) 15 February 2013, with and without plastic mulch. The conclusions were: (i) application of irrigation depths based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and plastic mulch transplanted on 30 January increased the fruit yield of the crop and improved the benefit–cost ratio of the production system; and (ii) water use efficiency based on the 30 January transplanting date was 8.68 kg m−3 of water applied with plastic mulch, 6.51 kg m−3 without plastic mulch, and 3.65 kg m−3 for the 15 February transplanting date with plastic mulch.

scholarly journals Pan evaporation and sensor based approaches of irrigation scheduling for crop water requirement, growth and yield of okra

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-395
Author(s):  
VIKAS SHARMA ◽  
P.K. SINGH ◽  
S.R. BHAKAR ◽  
K.K. YADAV ◽  
S.S. LAKHAWAT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Crop Water Requirement ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

The results of this study revealed that the pan evaporation and sensor based irrigation scheduling along with fertigation scheduling significantly affected the plant height, fruit weight, fruit length, crop water requirement, crop yield and water use efficiency of okra crop. The pan evaporation and crop evapotranspiration (ETc) values significantly vary over different stages of okra crop. The maximum and minimum average daily pan evaporation was recorded 8.4 mm day-1 and 4.5 mm day-1 at mid stage and late stage of okra crop respectively while, the maximum average daily ETc was recorded 7 mm day-1 at mid stage of okra crop. A approach of irrigation scheduling with 100 per cent field capacity, based on soil moisture sensor under automated drip irrigation system along with 100 per cent RDF through fertigation in equal splits at 4 day intervalor 80 % per cent of volume of crop water requirement based on pan evaporation under automated drip irrigation along with 100 per cent RDF through fertigation in equal splits at 2 day interval, can be used for irrigating okra crop with significant water saving, crop yield and water use efficiency under limited availability of daily weather datain climatic condition of Udaipur district of Rajasthan.

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