scholarly journals Investigation of Doubled Haploid Performance and Combining Ability in Short-day Onion

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 990B-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan L. Walker ◽  
Sunggil Kim ◽  
Javier F. Betran ◽  
Kilsun Yoo ◽  
Leonard M. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Dh Lines

Onions suffer from severe inbreeding depression, which has inhibited the development of homozygous inbred lines in breeding programs. The creation of doubled haploid (DH) lines in onion provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the utility of such lines as parents in a breeding program. For this purpose, two diallele cross experiments were conducted. The first consisted of a six-parent diallele cross using six DH lines developed at Texas A&M University. The second, a four-parent diallele cross performed with two DH lines and two inbred lines from the breeding program. Bulbs from the various crosses were evaluated for diameter, height, centers/bulb, ring thickness, number of rings/bulb, bulb weight, soluble solids content, and pungency. For some traits, general combining ability (GCA) effects explained most of the variation. However, for other traits, specific combining ability (SCA) effects predominated. For all traits, GCA and SCA were always larger than the reciprocal effects (divided into maternal and nonmaternal components). The GCA and SCA effects show an inverse correlation between the number of centers/bulb and ring thickness.

scholarly journals Agronomic evaluation and combining ability of tomato inbred lines selected for the industrial segment

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex ST Figueiredo ◽  
Juliano TV Resende ◽  
Marcos V Faria ◽  
Juliana T Paula ◽  
Diego A Rizzardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Agronomic Evaluation ◽  
Solids Content

ABSTRACT: This study carried out agronomic evaluation and estimated the combining ability of tomato lines for the industrial segment, aiming to elect promising genotypes for breeding and to find simple hybrids with superior traits. Randomized-blocks design was used with 57 treatments (45 experimental hybrids, 10 lines and 2 checks treatments) with 3 replications. A complete diallel among 10 tomato lines for processing was used. Evaluated traits were: fruit total (YT) and commercial production (YC), pulp yield (YP), fruit average mass (MM) and total soluble solids content (TSS). Diallel crosses allowed synthesizing experimental hybrids with superior traits when compared to commercial hybrids. Non-additive effects prevailed over the expression of YT, YC, YP and TSS, whereas additive effects prevailed for MM. Lines RVT-08, RVT-05 and RVT-10 are most appropriate for intrapopulational breeding. Experimental hybrids RVT-08 x RVT-09, RVT-07 x RVT-10 and RVT-08 x RVT-10 were pointed as the experimental genotypes with the best performance, surpassing the commercial genotypes for the traits evaluated.

scholarly journals (254) Molecular Characterization of Doubled Haploid and Conventional Onion Lines using AFLPs and SSRs

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1088D-1088
Author(s):  
Ryan Walker ◽  
Leonard Pike ◽  
Monica Menz ◽  
Kil Sun Yoo ◽  
Sung Gil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Polymorphism Rate ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Dh Lines

Onions suffer from severe inbreeding depression, which has prevented the creation of homozygous inbreds in breeding programs. The creation of doubled haploid (DH) lines in onion is an anomaly, and provides a unique opportunity to study both how these lines would perform in a breeding program and why they do not exhibit more inbreeding depression. Seven DH lines were developed at Texas A&M University from five different short-day F1 and F2 populations. Five equivalent conventional inbred lines, breeding lines developed from the same parents as the DH lines, have been identified from the onion-breeding program. The DH lines, the conventional inbred lines, and their parents have been analyzed using SSR and AFLP markers. SSR markers yielded a polymorphism rate of 55% vs. 3% with the AFLPs. Analysis has shown remnant heterozygosity both in the parental lines and in the conventional inbreds and has confirmed the uniformity of the DH lines. Genetic similarity estimates have been calculated using the molecular data to determine the suitability of comparing the yield heterosis of crosses between the conventional lines and the DH lines in a diallele analysis.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and molecular characterization of a set of tropical maize inbred lines from a public breeding program in Brazil

BMC Genomics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirlene Viana de Faria ◽  
Leandro Tonello Zuffo ◽  
Wemerson Mendonça Rezende ◽  
Diego Gonçalves Caixeta ◽  
Hélcio Duarte Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Abstract Background The characterization of genetic diversity and population differentiation for maize inbred lines from breeding programs is of great value in assisting breeders in maintaining and potentially increasing the rate of genetic gain. In our study, we characterized a set of 187 tropical maize inbred lines from the public breeding program of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) in Brazil based on 18 agronomic traits and 3,083 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers to evaluate whether this set of inbred lines represents a panel of tropical maize inbred lines for association mapping analysis and investigate the population structure and patterns of relationships among the inbred lines from UFV for better exploitation in our maize breeding program. Results Our results showed that there was large phenotypic and genotypic variation in the set of tropical maize inbred lines from the UFV maize breeding program. We also found high genetic diversity (GD = 0.34) and low pairwise kinship coefficients among the maize inbred lines (only approximately 4.00 % of the pairwise relative kinship was above 0.50) in the set of inbred lines. The LD decay distance over all ten chromosomes in the entire set of maize lines with r2 = 0.1 was 276,237 kb. Concerning the population structure, our results from the model-based STRUCTURE and principal component analysis methods distinguished the inbred lines into three subpopulations, with high consistency maintained between both results. Additionally, the clustering analysis based on phenotypic and molecular data grouped the inbred lines into 14 and 22 genetic divergence clusters, respectively. Conclusions Our results indicate that the set of tropical maize inbred lines from UFV maize breeding programs can comprise a panel of tropical maize inbred lines suitable for a genome-wide association study to dissect the variation of complex quantitative traits in maize, mainly in tropical environments. In addition, our results will be very useful for assisting us in the assignment of heterotic groups and the selection of the best parental combinations for new breeding crosses, mapping populations, mapping synthetic populations, guiding crosses that target highly heterotic and yielding hybrids, and predicting untested hybrids in the public breeding program UFV.

General and specific combining ability of in vitro doubled haploid maize lines in the field

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
T. Spitkó ◽  
L. SÁgi ◽  
J. Pintér ◽  
C. Marton ◽  
B. Barnabás
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Dh Lines

The breeding of hybrid maize now has a history of over 100 years. In 1908, George H. Shull was the first to report on the high yields, great uniformity and homogeneity of hybrids derived from a cross between two inbred lines. Following this discovery, consistent self-fertilisation over a period of six to eight generations was found to be an extremely efficient method for developing maize lines. From the mid-1970s, however, with the elaboration of the monoploid ( in vivo ) and microspore culture ( in vitro ) techniques, it became possible to develop homozygous lines within a year.With the help of an efficient plant regeneration system based on anther culture, large numbers of doubled haploid (DH) lines can be produced. In the course of the experiments the seed of DH plants selected over several years was multiplied and crossed with Martonvásár testers, after which the hybrids were included in field performance trials in three consecutive years (2005–2007). The aim was to determine whether the field performance of hybrids developed in this way equalled the mean yield of standards with commercial value. The data also made it possible to calculate the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability of the parental lines, indicating the usefulness of the parental components in hybrid combinations and expressing the extent to which a given line contributes to yield surpluses in its progeny.A total of 52 maize hybrids were evaluated in the experiments in terms of yield and grain moisture content at harvest. The combinations, resulting from crosses between 12 DH lines, one control line developed by conventional inbreeding and four testers, were found to include hybrids capable of equalling the performance of the standards, and four DH lines were identified as improving the yield level of their progeny. As the experiment was carried out on a very small number of genotypes, the results are extremely promising and suggest that, if the range of genotypes used to develop DH lines is broadened and the sample number is increased, it will be possible in the future to find maize hybrids, developed with in vitro DH parental components, that surpass the performance of commercial hybrids.

scholarly journals Additive and non-additive genetic variance in odontometric traits in crosses of seven inbred lines of house mice

1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry J. Leamy ◽  
R. W. Touchberry
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Number Of Individuals

A least-squares diallel analysis of the offspring of crosses of seven inbred lines of house mice was performed for the mean widths of the second (M2) and third (M3) mandibular molars. Significant differences among lines, as well as between inbreds and hybrids (positive heterosis) were found for these characters. Estimates of the heritabilities (from general combining ability variances) were high for both teeth as were estimates of maternal effects. Specific combining ability and reciprocal effects were significant only for the M3. Additionally, X-irradiation reduced the mean number of individuals per litter, and thereby indirectly influenced the widths of both molars.

scholarly journals Fruit quality attributes of ten Colombian blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Erika Sánchez-Betancourt ◽  
María Cristina García-Muñoz ◽  
Jorge Argüelles-Cárdenas ◽  
Viviana Franco-Flórez ◽  
Víctor Núñez-Zarantes
Keyword(s):  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Genetic Source ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Juice Content

Colombia requires blackberry genotypes with remarkable traitsthat improve the competitiveness of this product in the country.The objective of this work was to evaluate the characteristicsof the quality attributes in fruits of ten Colombian blackberrygenotypes in order to assess their potential in the berry markets but also as a genetic source to be included in breeding programs. The weight of fruits, the equatorial and longitudinal diameters, volume, firmness, color, juice content, flesh content, seed/fruit weight percentage, soluble solids content, acidity, pH and maturity index were evaluated in fruits collected during three different harvest periods in the province of Cundinamarca. Thirty fruits for every genotype and period were harvested and analyzed. These 10 evaluated genotypes showed important differences that allowed separating them into five different groups; however, genotypes 8, 4 and 6 showed the best results regarding size, color, juice content, total soluble solids content, maturity index, firmness and low acidity. These features make them good candidates for incorporating them into breeding programs. Nonetheless, their soluble solids content was considerably lower than values reported for genotypes Prime Ark, Natchez, Ouachita, and Osage that are recognized for theseremarkable traits.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the specific combining ability (SCA) for yield and brix of seven Cucumis melo. L inbred lines of the sixth generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tuan Q. Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Cucumis Melo L ◽  
Hybrid Lines

The objective of the experiment was to screen Cucumis melo L. inbred lines for high potential general combining ability and potential hybrids combinations for F1 hybridization. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 29 treatments [21 hybrid combinations, control (TL3 hybrid) and seven Cucumis melo L. inbred lines I6], each with three replicates. Estimating the specific combining ability (SCA) of Cucumis melo L. inbred lines for breeding of F1 hybrid cultivars was carried out at the Research and Development Center for Hi-tech Agriculture in Ho Chi Minh City. Based on the specific combining ability of yield trait and total soluble solids (Brix) content of 21 hybrid lines from seven inbred lines following diallel method (Griffing 4 model), four potential hybrid lines (H41.6 x H58.6, H53.6 x H77.6, H32.6 x H41.6 and H53.6 x H58.6) yielded 10% higher than the control variety and gave fruits of oval shape, even fruit-net and low diseases infection.

scholarly journals Selection of S3 progenies of super sweet corn based on agronomic performance of topcrosses

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-361
Author(s):  
Nathany R Chiquito ◽  
Marcos V Faria ◽  
Elida Auxiliadora P Paiva ◽  
Emanuel Gava ◽  
Welton L Zaluski
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Topcross Hybrids ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to select S3 progenies of super sweet corn based on agronomic performance, evaluated in topcrosses with the narrow genetic base tester Honey Sweeter (Seminis®). The experiment was carried out in Guarapuava-PR. We evaluated 22 topcross hybrids and three checks, in two sowing times, in randomized blocks design with three replications. Six traits were evaluated: total yield of husked ears, commercial yield of husked ears, grain yield, grain length, ear diameter and total soluble solids content. Considering the set of evaluated traits, the topcrosses with progenies D2-07, D3-28, D4-53 and D5-24 were superior to the others; therefore, these progenies should continue in the inbreeding process and be evaluated in crosses with elite inbred lines with potential to generate competitive super sweet corn single hybrids.

scholarly journals Combining Abilities for Yield and Bulb Quality among Long- and Intermediate-day Open-pollinated Onion Populations

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Havey ◽  
William M. Randle
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Factorial Mating ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Storage Ability

A factorial mating design, using three male-sterile F1 lines in testcrosses with a sample of open-pollinated (OP) onion populations, was used to estimate combining abilities and heterosis for bulb yield, size, storage ability, pungency, soluble solids content (SSC), and water loss after 3 months in storage. Samples of testcross bulbs were flowered and scored for fertility to estimate frequencies of the nuclear allele maintaining cytoplasmic male sterility. General combining ability (GCA) estimates for OP populations (males) were significant (P < 0.05) for yield, SSC, and proportion of bulbs with diameters >7.5 cm. GCA estimates for female testers were significant for storage ability and proportion of bulbs with diameters <5.0 cm. Male × female interactions (specific combining ability estimates) were significant for SSC and storage ability. Our analyses did not reveal any storage population from which inbreds would likely yield significantly better with the male-sterile tester lines. Spanish OP populations tended to produce testcrosses with larger bulbs, lower pungency and SSC, and poorer storage ability. Heterosis estimates were most often significant for yield and SSC; less often for pungency, storage ability, and bulb size; and not significant for water loss in storage. Overall, significant GCA estimates indicate that superior onion inbreds and populations may be developed using recurrent-selection strategies that increase the frequency of desirable alleles with additive effects.

scholarly journals Variation among pineapple half-sibs and selecting genitors based on potential genetic divergence

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-301
Author(s):  
José Severino de Lira Júnior ◽  
João Emmanoel Fernandes Bezerra ◽  
Vania Trindade Barrêtto Canuto ◽  
Diana Andrade dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Cluster Optimization ◽  
Solids Content

Knowledge about variation and relative importance of agronomic traits for genetic divergence studies can reveal useful information to guide the breeding programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic variation, and select of pineapple half-sib seedlings based on genetic divergence of fruit and plant traits. 'Pérola' cultivar (female genitor) received a pollen mix as from cultivars 'MD-2', 'BRS Imperial' and 'BRS Vitória' (male genitors). Four hundred twenty-nine F1 individuals propagated from seeds were evaluated under field conditions. Descriptive statistics, Singh's (1981) relative contribution, and Tocher's cluster optimization methods based on the distances matrix were estimated. Coefficients of variation ranged from 9.89 % to 63.79 %. Regarding total variance, fruit traits grouped 52.69%, while plant traits accumulated 47.30%. These results demonstrated that evaluated traits contribute for half-sib progeny relative discrimination and that none of them should be discarded for studies of diversity. Among the 12 heterotic clusters formed, group VII, IX and VIII are recommended to compose hybridization blocks and evaluation cycles of phenotypic stability for use per se. These groups have a broad heterotic potential, and desirable agronomic traits, mainly regarding to high means for fruit mass without crown (FMWC) upper than 4,000g and soluble solids content (SSC) around 20-21°Brix, which can be used by the IPA’s pineapple breeding program.

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