scholarly journals Developing Mechanized Systems for Producing, Harvesting, and Handling Brambles, Strawberries, and Grapes

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Justin R. Morris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
The World ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

Mechanization of harvesting, pruning, and other cultural operations on many small fruit crops for the processing market has occurred in response to the scarcity and expense of hand labor. Scientists at the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station and other experiment stations in the United States and throughout the world have developed new cultural and fruit-handling systems and have determined the effects of these systems on fruit yield and quality. This research has resulted in the development of prototype and commercial machinery as well as production and handling systems that have assisted in mechanization systems for brambles, strawberries (Fragaria×ananassa Duch.), and grapes (Vitis sp.). Much of this body of work is in commercial use and much is simply available, awaiting circumstances that will be beneficial to implementation.

Hop Center of the World

Hoptopia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Kopp
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Research Program ◽  
The United States ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
The World ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

In the first decade of the twentieth century, Oregon became the leading hop producer in the United States, with the Willamette Valley contributing millions of pounds of hops to the world’s brewers. The region claimed to be the Hop Center of the World. This chapter explains how those in the industry sought to professionalize by connecting with local and international brewers, including Ireland’s Guinness Brewery, and international hop distribution companies. Additionally, industry leaders championed the region’s hops as the finest in the world and benefitted from the emergence of a hop research program at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Corvallis.

scholarly journals Temperatures and Cold Damage to Small Fruit Crops Across the Eastern United States Associated with the April 2007 Freeze

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1643-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Renee Warmund ◽  
Patrick Guinan ◽  
Gina Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Crop Loss ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Weather Forecasters

An unprecedented freeze occurred between 4 and 10 Apr. 2007, causing extensive crop loss across a large area of the United States. This event occurred late in the spring and temperatures were unusually low for an extended period. Low-temperature injury on small fruit plants was reported in 21 states. Missouri and Arkansas experienced the highest estimated percentages of crop loss of grape (Vitis spp.), strawberry (Fragraria ×ananassa Duch.), blueberry (Vaccinium spp.), and blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus Watson). Kentucky and Tennessee also reported high percentages of small fruit crop loss. Temperatures preceding the freeze event in the affected region were unusually warm and many of the crops were at a more advanced stage of growth than they would have been under more usual conditions. Although frost/freeze warnings were issued, the terminology used by different weather forecasters was inconsistent. Growers used various cold protection methods, but these were generally ineffective because of the stage of plant development and/or the advective nature of the freeze. Actual grape and blueberry crop losses may not be known for several years because of secondary injury to plant tissues from various pathogens.

scholarly journals Horticultural Crop Production in High Tunnels in the United States: A Snapshot

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Carey ◽  
Lewis Jett ◽  
William J. Lamont ◽  
Terrance T. Nennich ◽  
Michael D. Orzolek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Horticultural Crop ◽  
Specialty Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
High Tunnels

High tunnels are becoming an increasingly important production tool for vegetable, small fruit, and cut flower growers in many parts of the United States. They provide a protected environment relative to the open field, allowing for earlier or later production of many crops, and they typically improve yield and quality as well as disease and pest management. Producers, ranging from small-scale market gardens to larger scale farms, are using high tunnels of various forms to produce for early markets, schedule production through extended seasons, grow specialty crops that require some environmental modification, and capture premium prices. The rapid ongoing adoption of high tunnels has resulted in numerous grower innovations and increased university research and extension programming to serve grower needs. An informal survey of extension specialists was conducted in 2007 to estimate numbers (area) of high tunnels and crops being grown in them by state, and to identify current research and extension efforts. Results of this survey provide an indication of the increasing importance of these structures for horticultural crop production across the country.

scholarly journals 036 `Quickpick': A New, Fresh-market Southernpea Suitable for Machine Harvest

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 447C-447
Author(s):  
Blair Buckley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cowpea Mosaic Virus ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Blackeye Cowpea Mosaic Virus

The Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station has released a new pinkeye purple hull-type southernpea cultivar for the fresh market. The new cultivar, Quickpick, originated from a cross between breeding lines LA 88-74 and LA 88-9. `Quickpick' has a bush-type plant habit with synchronous pod set and is suitable for either machine- or hand-harvest. Pods of `Quickpick' are straight, ≈20 cm long, and about 8 mm in diameter. Fresh peas are green with a light-pink eye. Yield of `Quickpick' equaled or surpassed yield of `Texas Pinkeye Purple Hull' in machine-harvested replicated tests. In hand-harvested replicated tests, yield of `Quickpick' was comparable to `Texas Pinkeye Purple Hull', `Coronet', `Pinkeye Purple Hull-BVR', `Mississippi Pinkeye', and `Santee Early Pinkeye'. `Quickpick' is immune to a Georgia isolate of blackeye cowpea mosaic virus, a major virus of southernpea in the United States.

scholarly journals Threats to Freshwater Fisheries in the United States: Perspectives and Investments of State Fisheries Administrators and Agricultural Experiment Station Directors

Fisheries ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 276-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K. Carlson ◽  
William W. Taylor ◽  
Michael T. Kinnison ◽  
S. Mažeika P. Sullivan ◽  
Michael J. Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

Sex Differences in Mass Media Preferences Across Four Asian Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malini Ratnasingam ◽  
Lee Ellis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Evolutionary Explanation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Preferences

Background. Nearly all of the research on sex differences in mass media utilization has been based on samples from the United States and a few other Western countries. Aim. The present study examines sex differences in mass media utilization in four Asian countries (Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, and Singapore). Methods. College students self-reported the frequency with which they accessed the following five mass media outlets: television dramas, televised news and documentaries, music, newspapers and magazines, and the Internet. Results. Two significant sex differences were found when participants from the four countries were considered as a whole: Women watched television dramas more than did men; and in Japan, female students listened to music more than did their male counterparts. Limitations. A wider array of mass media outlets could have been explored. Conclusions. Findings were largely consistent with results from studies conducted elsewhere in the world, particularly regarding sex differences in television drama viewing. A neurohormonal evolutionary explanation is offered for the basic findings.

Sandra Ramos Revisited

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-54
Author(s):  
Silvia Spitta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Graphic Arts ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
The Rich

Sandra Ramos (b. 1969) is one of the few artists to reflect critically on both sides of the Cuban di-lemma, fully embodying the etymological origins of the word in ancient Greek: di-, meaning twice, and lemma, denoting a form of argument involving a choice between equally unfavorable alternatives. Throughout her works she shines a light on the dilemmas faced by Cubans whether in Cuba or the United States, underlining the bad personal and political choices people face in both countries. During the hard 1990s, while still in Havana, the artist focused on the traumatic one-way journey into exile by thousands, as well as the experience of profound abandonment experienced by those who were left behind on the island. Today she lives in Miami and operates a studio there as well as one in Havana. Her initial disorientation in the USA has morphed into an acerbic representation and critique of the current administration and a deep concern with the environmental collapse we face. A buffoonlike Trumpito has joined el Bobo de Abela and Liborio in her gallery of comic characters derived from the rich Cuban graphic arts tradition where she was formed. While Cuba is now represented as a rotten cake with menacing flies hovering over it ready to pounce, a bombastic Trumpito marches across the world stage, trampling everything underfoot, a dollar sign for a face.

The Unquiet Frontier

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub J. Grygiel ◽  
A. Wess Mitchell ◽  
Jakub J. Grygiel ◽  
A. Wess Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Global Order ◽  
American Power ◽  
Alliance Networks ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Critical Regions

From the Baltic to the South China Sea, newly assertive authoritarian states sense an opportunity to resurrect old empires or build new ones at America's expense. Hoping that U.S. decline is real, nations such as Russia, Iran, and China are testing Washington's resolve by targeting vulnerable allies at the frontiers of American power. This book explains why the United States needs a new grand strategy that uses strong frontier alliance networks to raise the costs of military aggression in the new century. The book describes the aggressive methods which rival nations are using to test American power in strategically critical regions throughout the world. It shows how rising and revisionist powers are putting pressure on our frontier allies—countries like Poland, Israel, and Taiwan—to gauge our leaders' commitment to upholding the American-led global order. To cope with these dangerous dynamics, nervous U.S. allies are diversifying their national-security “menu cards” by beefing up their militaries or even aligning with their aggressors. The book reveals how numerous would-be great powers use an arsenal of asymmetric techniques to probe and sift American strength across several regions simultaneously, and how rivals and allies alike are learning from America's management of increasingly interlinked global crises to hone effective strategies of their own. The book demonstrates why the United States must strengthen the international order that has provided greater benefits to the world than any in history.

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