scholarly journals Using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers to Identify Annona Cultivars

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 726-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Ronning ◽  
R.J. Schnell ◽  
S. Gazit
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Edible Fruit ◽  
Custard Apple

The native American genus Annona contains many species that are cultivated for their edible fruit, including the custard apple (A. reticuluta L.), soursop (A. muricata L.), cherimoya (A. cherimola L.), sugar apple (A. squamosa L.), and interspecific hybrids, the atemoyas. RAPD analysis of A. cherimola. `Campa' and `Jete,' A. squamosa `Lessard,' and the atemoyas `Ubranitzki,' `Malali,' and `Kaspi' resulted in very distinctive patterns, indicating that RAPD markers, may be an efficient method of fingerprinting genotypes within and between Annona species. All 15 primers used generated repeatable, polymorphic patterns. An F1 population of `Jete' × `Lessard' was analyzed to determine the inheritance of the RAPD banding patterns. Fifty-two polymorphic loci were identified, which segregated in an expected Mendelian fashion.

scholarly journals 679 PB 189 USE OF RAPDS IN ANNONA SPECIES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 530b-530
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Ronning ◽  
Raymond J. Schnell ◽  
Shmuel Gazit
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Edible Fruit ◽  
Custard Apple ◽  
The Tropics

The native American genus Annona contains many species that are cultivated in the tropics and subtropics for their edible fruit, including the custard apple (A. reticulata), soursop (A. muricata), cherimoya (A. cherimola), sugar apple (A. squamosa), and the interspecific hybrid, Atemoya. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (KAPD) analysis of the A. cherimola cultivars `Jete' and `Campa, 1A. squamosa `Lessard', and the Atemoya cultivars `Ubranitzki', `Mallali', and `Kaspi' resulted in very distinctive patterns, indicating that RAPD markers are an easy, efficient method of fingerprinting Annona species. Thirteen of 15 primers gave repeatable, polymorphic patterns. An F1 population of `Jete' × `Lessard' as well as selfed populations of `Jete' and of `Lessard' were analyzed to determine the inheritance of the KAPD banding patterns. The results indicate that PAPD analysis can be used in genetic and phylogenetic studies of Annona species.

Use of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna Markers as a Tool to Study Variation in Lichen-Forming Fungi

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Murtagh ◽  
P. S. Dyer ◽  
P. C. McClure ◽  
P. D. Crittenden
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Axenic Cultures

AbstractA protocol is described to enable the production of reliable genetic fingerprints of lichen-forming fungi using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Key features of the method are the use of mycobiont DNA extracted from axenic cultures by a phenol-chloroform procedure, and PCR amplification using DyNAzyme II DNA polymerase. RAPD-PCR fingerprints of Graphis scripta, G. elegans and Phacographis dendritica were successfully generated using this protocol and individual isolates could be identified on the basis of differences in banding patterns produced. DNA extracted from whole thalli of G. scripia was also subjected to RAPD-PCR but the fingerprints produced differed from those given by axenic cultures of the mycobiont. Therefore difficulties of interpretation may arise when whole thalli are used in RAPD analysis.

scholarly journals Production of Reliable Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers from DNA of Woody Plants

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1188-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amnon Levi ◽  
Lisa J. Rowland ◽  
John S. Hartung
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Triton X

A procedure for identifying reproducible RAPD markers from woody plant DNA is presented. The procedure relies on using a PCR buffer that contains 1% Triton-X-100 and 0.1 % gelatin [previously described for successful polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 16S/23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions from eubacteria], and amplification conditions of 50 cycles: 30 sec at 94C, 70 sec at 48C, and 120 sec at 72C. The combination of this buffer and these conditions amplified consistent fragments in higher amounts, as compared to other standard PCR buffers and conditions generally used for RAPD analysis. This procedure resulted in reliable RAPD patterns for all organisms tested. Chemical name used: α-[4-(1,1,3,3,-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-cohydroxypoly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl) (Triton-X-l00).

scholarly journals Genetic Relationships of Pyrus Species and Cultivars Native to East Asia Revealed by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanwen Teng ◽  
Kenji Tanabe ◽  
Fumio Tamura ◽  
Akihiro Itai
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Pyrus Calleryana ◽  
Chinese White ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Kochi Prefecture

A total of 118 Pyrus sp. (pear) and cultivars native mainly to east Asia were subjected to randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis to evaluate genetic variation and relationships among the accessions. Two hundred fifty RAPD markers were scored from 20 decamer primers. RAPD markers specific to species were identified. Clustering analysis revealed two divisions: one comprising cultivars of P. communis L., and the other including all accessions of Pyrus native to east Asia. The grouping of the species and cultivars by RAPD data largely agrees with morphological pear taxonomy. However, some noted incongruence existed between two classification methods. Pyrus calleryana Dcne. clustered together with P. koehnei Schneid., P. fauriei Schneid. and P. dimorphophylla Makino. Pyrus betulaefolia Bge. clustered with P. ×hopeiensis Yu and P. ×phaeocarpa Rehd. A noncultivated clone of P. aromatica Kikuchi et Nakai grouped with P. aromatica cultivars. Pyrus hondoensis Nakai et Kikuchi and cultivars of P. ussuriensis Max. formed a single group. Some accessions from Korea (named Korean pear) had species-specific RAPD markers and comprised an independent group. Most of the Chinese white pears clustered together with most of the Chinese sand pears. Based on the present results, the new nomenclature P. pyrifolia var. sinensis (Lindley) Teng et Tanabe for Chinese white pear was suggested. Most accessions of Japanese pears fell into one main group, whereas pear cultivars from Kochi Prefecture of Japan subclustered with some Chinese sand pears and one accession from Korea. Our results infer that some local Japanese pear cultivar populations may have been derived from cultivars native to Kochi Prefecture in Shikoku region, and that the latter may have been introduced from ancient China and/or Korea.

scholarly journals Polymorphism and Discrimination Capacity of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Markers in an Olive Germplasm Bank

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Belaj ◽  
I. Trujillo ◽  
R. de la Rosa ◽  
L. Rallo ◽  
M.J. Giménez
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Olive Cultivars

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed on the main Mediterranean cultivars of olive (Olea europaea L.) from the Germplasm Bank of the Centro de Investigación y Formación Agraria “Alameda del Obispo” in Cordoba, Spain. One hundred and ninety reproducible amplification fragments were identified using 46 random primers followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Some 63.2% of the amplification products were polymorphic, with an average of 2.6 RAPD markers obtained for each primer. The combination of polymorphic markers resulted in 244 banding patterns. The high degree of polymorphism detected made identification of all the cultivars (51) possible by combining the RAPD banding patterns of just only four primers: OPA-01, OPK-08, OPX-01, and OPX-03. Cultivar-specific RAPD markers and banding patterns were also found. A dendrogram based on unweighted pair-group method cluster analysis was constructed using a similarity matrix derived from the RAPD amplification products generated by the 46 primers. Three major groups of cultivars could be distinguished by RAPD analysis: 1) cultivars from east and northeast Spain, 2) Turkish, Syrian, and Tunisian cultivars, and 3) the majority of common olive cultivars in Spain. The dendrogram thus showed a good correlation between the banding patterns of olive cultivars and their geographic origin. A higher level of polymorphism was observed when polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate the amplification products. Thus, adequate use of RAPD technology offers a valuable tool to distinguish between olive cultivars.

scholarly journals Characterization of Alstroemeria Species using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 482F-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deric D. Picton ◽  
Harrison G. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Extraction Buffer ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Species Hybrids ◽  
Color Variants

In this study, 11 species, hybrids, and color variants were characterized using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Total genomic DNA was extracted using a 2% CTAB extraction buffer using fresh or frozen leaf material. The DNA was amplified using standard RAPD-PCR protocols utilizing 10-mer primers. All primers utilized exhibited a high degree of polymorphism in their banding patterns among the species and hybrids studied. The primers used produced ≈40 reproducible bands. It was possible to identify and uniquely distinguish all species and hybrids investigated using these bands.

Potential of trispecies bridge crosses and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers for introgression of Medicago daghestanica and M. pironae germplasm into alfalfa (M. sativa)

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. McCoy ◽  
C. S. Echt
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Bivalent Chromosome ◽  
Diploid Level

This report describes the production and cytology of the first interspecific hybrids between cultivated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) at the diploid level (2n = 2x = 16) and the diploid (2n = 2x = 16) perennial species M. daghestanica and M. pironae. An ovule–embryo culture technique was required to rescue hybrid embryos and all hybrids were diploid. Predominately bivalent chromosome pairing was observed at meiotic metaphase. All F1 hybrids were male and female sterile and no species backcross progeny could be produced. We discovered that trispecies hybrids could be efficiently recovered via crossing diploid F1 interspecific hybrids of M. sativa × M. rupestris with either M. daghestanica or M. pironae. Ovule–embryo culture was also required to recover these trispecies hybrids with recovery efficiency of trispecies hybrids about 10 times greater than for bispecies hybrids. Most chromosomes paired as bivalents in the trispecies hybrids. Importantly, progeny can be recovered from crossing the trispecies hybrids with M. sativa. Therefore, the M. sativa × M. rupestris hybrids provide a bridge cross to potential introgression of M. daghestanica or M. pironae germplasm. Analysis of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in the trispecies hybrids indicates that RAPD markers offer considerable potential for assaying germplasm introgression following complex hybridizations of the type reported here.Key words: randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, Medicago interspecific hybrids, embryo rescue.

scholarly journals Variation in Pathogenicity and Genotype Among Single-Zoospore Strains of Aphanomyces euteiches

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Malvick ◽  
J. A. Percich
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Aphanomyces Euteiches ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Pathogenic Variation ◽  
Different Levels

The role of asexual reproduction in the production of pathogenic and genotypic variation in Aphanomyces euteiches was investigated. Variation was studied among three groups of 18 single-zoospore progeny of A. euteiches derived from each of three single-zoospore parental strains. Pathogenicity was assessed by evaluating disease severity (DS) on roots of five pea lines possessing different levels of resistance to Aphanomyces root rot and of a susceptible cultivar of snap bean and alfalfa. None of the single-zoospore progeny incited significantly higher DS levels than their parental strain on any of the seven hosts; however, 3 or 4 of the 18 progeny in each group incited significantly lower DS than their parental strains. The host range of the progeny either decreased or remained the same as compared with parental strains. Genotypic variation was assessed with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Polymorphic RAPD markers that distinguished parental and progeny strains were detected within two of the three groups of strains with two of four RAPD primers used. Of 76 total RAPD markers that were detected among all strains in all groups, four (5%) were polymorphic. The polymorphic markers were not associated with the pathogenic variation.

scholarly journals Use of RAPD Markers to Analyze Genetic Variability of Introgressed Brassica Lines

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
Md. Harun-Or-Rashid ◽  
Md. Shafikur Rahman ◽  
Sudhir Chandra Nath ◽  
S S R M Mahe Alam Sorwar ◽  
Md. Tanvir Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
The Cross

Seven individuals of introgressed Brassica lines (Binasarisha-5/Daulot) and two of their parental lines were used for this study to estimate genetic variability using three randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (61AB10G1, 72AB10G12 and 73AB10T13). A total of 23 clear bands were scored, of which 21 (91.30%) bands were proved to be polymorphic. The highest proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity values were 43.48% and 0.187, respectively in the line five of Binasarisha-5/Daulot. The lower proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity values were 8.70% and 0.034; 8.70% and 0.026 in the line seven of the cross and one parent, Daulot, respectively. The co-efficient of gene differentiation (Gst) and gene flow (Nm) values were 0.677 and 0.237, found respectively from the Popgene analysis. Result of cluster analysis indicated that the nine accessions were capable of being classified into two major groups - one consists of only one parent Daulot (Brassica juncea) while another consists of Binasarisha-5 (Brassica napus) and all introgressed lines of C6 generation (treated with colchicine in C1 generation) resulted from the cross B. napus and B. juncea. Introgressed line seven and Binasarisha-5 showed the lowest genetic distance of 0.077. Higher similarity was found between Binasarisha-5 and introgressed progenies. Introgressed line one and Daulot showed the highest genetic distance of 0.709, which can be used as germplasm for breeding program that aim to improve Brassica. It was concluded that RAPD markers can be used for the study of molecular characterization and diversity in Brassica.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(1) 122-133

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Muscadine and American Bunch Grapes Based on Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1020-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianping Qu ◽  
Jiang Lu ◽  
Olusola Lamikanra
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Average Genetic Distance ◽  
Separate Study ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Grape Cultivars

Two morphologically distinct types of grapes belonging to the subgenera Euvitis and Muscadinia in the genus Vitis are cultivated in the United States. The former is commonly called bunch grapes while the latter is usually called muscadine. Genetic diversity among these grapes was investigated using RAPD markers. Sixteen grape cultivars, with parentage including V. rotundifolia Michx., V. vinifera L., and several American Vitis species, were used for the RAPD analysis. A total of 156 RAPD markers was produced from 19 random primers, over 90% of which was polymorphic among the muscadine and the bunch grapes. Polymorphisms were lower within each subgenus. Relationships between these two subgenera were estimated based on band-sharing and cluster analysis. The average genetic distance between the bunch and the muscadine grape cultivars was 0.45. The results based on DNA analysis agree with isozyme data obtained from a separate study, which demonstrated that muscadine grapes share very few common alleles with American bunch grapes and European grapes.

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