scholarly journals Effect of Boron and Calcium Foliar Sprays on Pollen Germination and Development, Fruit Set, Seed Development, and Berry Yield and Quality in Lowbush Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.)

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youzhi Chen ◽  
John M. Smagula ◽  
Walter Litten ◽  
Scott Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Number Of Seeds

In a managed field of native Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. clones, the effect of fall foliar sprays of B at 345 g·ha-1 and/or Ca at 3,450 g·ha-1 in remedying tissue deficiency of B varied among 12 clones, as seen in pollen germinability and on individual stems as seen in flower number, fruit set, and number of harvestable berries. With Ca applied alone, increased berry size did not overcome yield reduction due to fewer flowers and berries per stem. Berry diameter and mass correlated better to number of seeds of germinable size than to total number of seeds. Pollen germination averaged 17.4% on stigmata from untreated clones, and all three treatments (B, Ca, B + Ca) increased that average by 8%. More seeds per berry with the B-alone treatment implies more ovules fertilized when B deficiency is remedied. No relation was found between in vitro and in vivo pollen germination.

DNA methylation in lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) propagated by softwood cutting and tissue culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1035-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juran C. Goyali ◽  
Abir U. Igamberdiev ◽  
Samir C. Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Restriction Sites ◽  
Methylation Sensitive Amplification Polymorphism ◽  
Softwood Cutting

Plant DNA methylation is one of the frequent epigenetic variations induced by tissue culture. Global DNA methylation was evaluated in lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) wild clone QB9C and cultivar Fundy propagated by conventional softwood cutting (SC) and tissue culture (TC) using the methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) technique. In all, 106 and 107 DNA fragments were amplified using 16 selective primer combinations in SC plants of QB9C and Fundy, respectively. In micropropagated QB9C and Fundy plants, there were 105 and 109 amplified fragments, respectively. Overall, 25% of restriction sites were methylated at the cytosine nucleotide in QB9C plants propagated by SC compared with 19% in Fundy. In contrast, a total of 29% and 20% of restriction sites were methylated at cytosine in micropropagated QB9C and Fundy plants, respectively. Tissue culture plants demonstrated higher methylation events than SC plants in both genotypes. Previously, methylation polymorphism has been detected in TC plants but not in SC counterparts. Different patterns of DNA methylation and polymorphism in the plants propagated in in vitro and in vivo conditions suggest the possibility of involvement of these fragments in the processes of regulating plant growth and development under prevailing growth conditions.

scholarly journals Investigations of suitable pollinator for 0900 Ziraat sweet cherry cv.: pollen performance tests, germination tests, germination procedures, in vitro and in vivo pollinations

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tosun ◽  
F. Koyuncu
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Pollen Performance ◽  
Growth Experiments

The objective of this study was to determine suitable cultivars to be used as pollinators for 0900 Ziraat. 0900 Ziraat was used as a female cultivar; Bigarreu Gaucher, Bing, Noble, Starks Gold, Stella, Van, and Vista were used for pollination in the experiments. Starks Gold had the highest values in terms of anther number, average number of pollens per anther, number of pollen per flower and the morphological homogeneity. The pollen viability rates showed significant differences according to stain tests. <i>In vitro</i> pollen germination in 0.5% agar + 15% sucrose + 5 ppm boric acid medium increased with increasing incubation period, and the highest germination was obtained after 48 hours for all cultivars. In orchard trials parallel to pollen tube growth experiments in the laboratory, 0900 Ziraat &times; Starks Gold combination gave the best fruit set results.

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide and Temperature Influence Pollen Germination and Fruit Set in Cocoa

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1038-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu Aneja ◽  
Thomas Gianfagna ◽  
Edward Ng ◽  
Ignacio Badilla
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Final Concentration ◽  
Temperature Influence ◽  
Hand Pollination

The causes of poor fruit set of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in the greenhouse were studied by examining factors that may influence pollen germination. Hand pollination of cocoa flowers resulted in 45.8% fruit set when flowers were pollinated within 3 hours of anthesis. Pollen germination did not occur until about 6 hours after pollination. Later pollinations (7 to 9 hours after anthesis) or earlier pollinations (16 to 18 hours before anthesis) did not lead to fruit set. Cocoa pollen did not germinate in vitro unless the excised flowers were incubated for 6 hours at 25C in closed vials. During the incubation period, CO2accumulated to a final concentration of about 85 ml·liter-1 as a result of respiration. Ethylene production was not detectable. Incubation of flowers with a NaOH-saturated wick, to absorb CO2, prevented pollen germination in vitro. Incubation of flowers at 15C also prevented pollen germination in vitro at 25C. Hand pollination of flowers 7 to 9 hours after anthesis or 16 to 18 hours before anthesis using CO2-incubated pollen resulted in about 10% fruit set. Enclosed pollinations in vivo, in which CO2 was allowed to accumulate, resulted in nearly 100% fruit set. The initial failure to set fruit from hand pollinations may result from poor or slow pollen germination. Moreover, CO,-incubated pollen might be used to increase fruit set in cocoa by extending the effective pollination period.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF BORON IN FLOWERING AND FRUIT SET

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1161b-1161
Author(s):  
Patrick H. Brown ◽  
Louise Ferguson ◽  
Geno Picchioni
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
In Vitro Measurements ◽  
Uptake Studies

The uptake and distribution of foliar and soil applied boron has been followed in a seven year old pistachio orchard by utilizing 10B isotope dilution techniques and ICP-MS determination. In conjunction with these uptake studies, in-vivo and in-vitro measurements of pollination and fruit set have been used to determine the role of boron in flowering and fruit set.Foliar applications of boron (1, 2.5 and 5 kg/400 l) resulted in improved fruit set when compared to control trees receiving no supplemental B even when tissue B levels in these control trees appeared adequate (>60 μg/g dwt). Results indicate that B applied to male trees in the late dormant phase (february) is effective in enhancing in-vitro pollen germination by as much as 50%. Movement of B into flower buds and fruit clusters was verified using 10B techniques thus demonstrating the potential usefulness of this technique in correcting incipient B deficiency. A possible role of B in the flowering and fruiting process is discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Boron and Calcium on in Vitro and in Vivo Lowbush Blueberry Pollen Germination

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 784B-784
Author(s):  
Youzhi Chen ◽  
John M. Smagula
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
To Receive

Ten clones of lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) having low leaf boron (B) concentrations (<20 ppm) were selected to receive fall foliar B (400 ppm), Ca (4000 ppm), B (400 ppm) + Ca (4000 ppm), or water (control). B concentration was raised in stem and bud tissue 3 months after application, but Ca concentration was unaffected. Two randomly selected 5-inch sod plugs from treatment plots within each clone were transported to cold storage at 2.7C for 1000 h to satisfy flower bud dormancy, then to a growth chamber at 24C to blossom. Pollen from plants receiving B had lower in vitro germination rates on 5% agar with 12% lactose after 20 h compared to control and Ca treatments. For in vivo germination, 10 blossoms were randomly selected on sod plugs of each treatment plot to receive 15 control-treatment pollen grains, which were allowed to germinate for 3 days. With the aid of fluorescence microscopy, a higher pollen germination percentage was observed in blossoms of plants receiving B, Ca, and B + Ca. B and Ca may have more influence on the ability of the stigma to stimulate pollen germination than on the germinability of pollen grains themselves.

In Vitro Germination of Eucalyptus Pollen: Response to Variation in Boric Acid and Sucrose

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Potts ◽  
JB Marsden-Smedley
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Competition

The effect of boric acid (0-450 ppm) and sucrose (0-40%) on pollen germination and pollen tube growth in Eucalyptus globulus, E. morrisbyi, E. ovata and E. tirnigera was examined in vitro. Over the con- centrations tested, sucrose had by far the largest effect upon both pollen germination and tube lengths. The optimum sucrose concentration for pollen germination (30%) and pollen tube growth (20%) differed markedly with very little (<lo%) germination occurring in the absence of sucrose. The interaction of sucrose and boric acid was significant. However, in general both pollen germination and pollen tube growth were increased by the addition of up to 100 ppm boric acid, but above this level the response plateauxed. The four species differed significantly in their pattern of response to both boric acid and sucrose and the predicted optima derived from analysis of response surfaces differed between species. The predicted sucrose concentration for optimal germination and growth of E. urnigera pollen was consistently less than the other species and in terms of the optimal level of boric acid for pollen tube growth species can be ranked in the order E. globulus > E. ovata > E. morrisbyi = E. urnigera. Pollen germination and tube growth of all four species on a medium comprising 20% sucrose and 200 ppm boric acid would not differ significantly from the observed maximum response of each species and this could suffice as a generalised medium. However, if only percentage germination is to be assessed 30% sucrose would be preferable. It is argued that subtle interspecific differences in optimal in vitro con- ditions for pollen germination and pollen tube growth are likely to reflect differences in pollen physiology which in vivo may have important implications for the success of hybridisation where pollen competition occurs.

scholarly journals The effect of pollenizer on the fruit set of plum cultivar Cacanska Najbolja

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Nikolic ◽  
Vera Rakonjac ◽  
Milica Fotiric-Aksic
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
In Vitro Pollen Germination ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Very High

In this paper, during a 4-year period (2003-2006) effects of six pollenizers (President, Italian Prune, Stanley, Cacanska Rodna, Agen 707, and California Blue) on the degree of fruit set in the plum cultivar Cacanska Najbolja were examined. Besides the controlled pollination of this cultivar, open pollination was investigated. Functional pollen ability in pollenizer-cultivars was established by in vitro pollen germination. Degree of fruit set was determined comparing the number of fruit set (10 days after pollination, 21 days after pollination and number of harvested fruits) against the number of pollinated flowers. The results indicated that all pollenizer cultivars, studied in this paper, possessed satisfactory in vitro pollen germination (30.1-67.4%). The number of fruit set determined 10 days after pollination was very high and did not differ among pollenizers. Highly significant differences were found between the pollenizers in the number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and significant ones in relation to the number of harvested fruits. Compared to open pollination, higher number of fruit set 21 days after pollination and higher number of harvested fruits were obtained when cultivars Stanley (17.0%; 7.6%) and Italian Prune (14.6%; 6.9%) were used as pollenizers, therefore those cultivars are recommendable as good pollenizers for the cultivar Cacanska Najbolja.

Vaccinium angustifolium (lowbush blueberry) leaf extract increases extravillous trophoblast cell migration and invasion in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Ly ◽  
Jonathan Ferrier ◽  
Jeremiah Gaudet ◽  
Julien Yockell-Lelièvre ◽  
John Thor Arnason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Trophoblast Cell ◽  
Extravillous Trophoblast ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Cell Migration And Invasion ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry

scholarly journals Foliar Application of Boron to Almond Trees Affects Pollen Quality

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.S. Nyomora ◽  
P.H. Brown ◽  
K. Pinney ◽  
V.S. Polito
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Mature Trees

The effect of boron (B) on in vivo and in vitro development of almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb (syn. P. amygdalus Batsch)] pollen and pollen tubes and the resultant effect on fruit set was studied in mature trees. The cultivars Mono (pistil donor) and Butte (pollinizer) in an orchard with low soil B in Fresno, California were sprayed with B at 0, 0.8, 1.7, or 2.5 kg·ha-1 during Fall 1993. Pollen viability as indicated by the fluorescein diacetate method (FDA) was >85% and was not affected by field-applied B, however, in vivo pollen germination and tube growth were enhanced by foliar-applied B. More effect of applied B on in vivo growth appeared as pollen tubes progressed toward the ovary. For in vitro germination, foliar-applied B reduced bursting of tubes, and addition of B to the culture media significantly increased pollen germination and pollen tube growth.

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