scholarly journals Physiological Factors Affecting Response of Mature `Valencia' Orange Fruit to CMN-Pyrazole. II. Endogenous Concentrations of Indole-3-Acetic Acid, Abscisic Acid, and Ethylene

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongcai Yuan ◽  
Ulrich Hartmond ◽  
Walter J. Kender
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Abscission Zone ◽  
Endogenous Iaa ◽  
Fruit Abscission ◽  
Valencia Orange ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Observation Period

Endogenous concentrations of IAA and ABA in the peel, pulp, seed, and abscission zone of mature `Valencia' oranges [Citrus sinesis (L.) Osbeck] were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from early November 1998 to mid-June 1999. Ethylene production of mature `Valencia' oranges during the same period was determined by gas chromatography. IAA concentrations in the pulp and seed were three to five times lower than those in the peel over the 7-month observation period. IAA concentration in the abscission zone and peel was high from late April to mid-May, the period of less responsiveness to abscission chemicals. ABA concentration in the pulp was low over the entire observation period. ABA concentration in the abscission zone and peel was low during the less responsive period. Ethylene production was always low except for a slight increase during late December and early February. The IAA to ABA ratio was high in the fruit abscission zone during the less responsive period. Fruit detachment force of CMN-pyrazole-treated fruit was positively correlated with the ratio of endogenous IAA to ABA or endogenous IAA, but negatively to endogenous ABA in the fruit abscission zone. These data suggest the balance between IAA and ABA in the fruit abscission zone may be an important factor in determining sensitivity and thereby the response of mature `Valencia' orange fruit to abscission chemicals. Chemical names used: abscisic acid (ABA); indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (CMN-pyrazole).

scholarly journals Naphthalene Acetic Acid and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic Acid Affect the Response of Mature Orange Fruit to Abscission Chemicals

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongcai Yuan ◽  
Ulrich Hartmond ◽  
Walter J. Kender
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscission Zone ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Fruit Abscission ◽  
Triiodobenzoic Acid ◽  
Valencia Orange ◽  
Auxin Concentration ◽  
Auxin Transport Inhibitor ◽  
Orange Fruit

Effects of NAA, TIBA, ethephon, and CMN-Pyrazole on fruit detachment force (FDF) of mature `Valencia' and `Hamlin' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] fruit were examined in 2000 and 2001. NAA effectively inhibited the reduction in FDF or fruit abscission caused by ethephon when applied to the abscission zone 24 hours before ethephon application, but had no significant effect when applied to the fruit without contacting the abscission zone, or to the peduncle ≈4 cm above the abscission zone. TIBA, an auxin transport inhibitor, decreased FDF of mature fruit and promoted fruit abscission when applied alone as a spray to the canopy or directly to the fruit peduncle. This response was dependent on TIBA concentration. TIBA was more effective when applied in combination with ethephon or CMN-Pyrazole than alone. These results are consistent with our previous data that endogenous auxin concentration in the abscission zone of mature `Valencia' orange fruit is one of the factors controlling the sensitivity and thus the responsiveness of the abscission zone of mature fruit to abscission chemicals. Chemical names used: 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-pyrazole (CMN-Pyrazole); 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon); naphthalene acetic acid (NAA); 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA).

scholarly journals Young Fruit and Auxin Transport Inhibitors Affect the Response of Mature `Valencia' Oranges to Abscission Materials via Changing Endogenous Plant Hormones

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongcai Yuan ◽  
Walter J. Kender ◽  
Jacqueline K. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Abscission Zone ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Young Fruit ◽  
Fruit Abscission ◽  
Endogenous Plant Hormones ◽  
Valencia Orange ◽  
Transport Inhibitors ◽  
Auxin Transport Inhibitors ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The effects of removal of young fruit and application of auxin transport inhibitors on endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations were examined in relation to the response of mature `Valencia' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] fruit to abscission materials. ABA concentrations were increased in the fruit abscission zone and pulp but not in the pedicel, peel, or seed of mature fruit by removal of young fruit during the period of reduced response of mature fruit to abscission materials in early May. However, removal of young fruit slightly decreased IAA concentrations in leaves and the abscission zone and pedicel of mature fruit but had no effect on the IAA concentrations in the peel, pulp, or seed of mature fruit. Young fruit had higher IAA concentrations in the abscission zone and pedicel than mature fruit. Application of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), an IAA transport inhibitor, reduced IAA concentrations in the abscission zone of mature fruit but did not influence the IAA concentrations in the pedicel and peel when applied directly to an absorbent collar tied around the pedicel 2 cm above the fruit abscission zone during the less responsive period in early May. ABA concentrations were increased drastically in the fruit abscission zone and pedicel but not in peel by TIBA application. Applications of ABA, or IAA transport inhibitors such as naringenin, quercetin, or TIBA comparably increased the response of mature fruit to the abscission material 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole (CMN-pyrazole) in early May. These data suggest that young fruit reduce the response of mature `Valencia' oranges to abscission materials through increasing IAA concentrations and decreasing ABA concentrations in the abscission zone of mature `Valencia' orangees.

scholarly journals Studies on the Growth and Indole-3-Acetic Acid and Abscisic Acid Content of Zea mays Seedlings Grown in Microgravity

1992 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 692-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aga Schulze ◽  
Philip J. Jensen ◽  
Mark Desrosiers ◽  
J. George Buta ◽  
Robert S. Bandurski
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Abscisic Acid Content ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ELISA TO DETERMINE ABSCISIC ACID AND INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID IN BULBOUS CROPS

1986 ◽  
pp. 563-567
Author(s):  
J.M. Franssen ◽  
B.E. Snaar-Jagalska ◽  
C.Th.C. van der Hulst
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Abscission and dehiscence in the squirting cucumber, Ecballium elaterium. Regulation by ethylene

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1465-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Jackson ◽  
Ielene B. Morrow ◽  
Daphne J. Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Abscission Zone ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Ethylene Treatment ◽  
Apical Hook ◽  
Fruit Abscission ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Regulation Of Growth

When treated with ethylene, mature fruits of the squirting cucumber (Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich) abscind and dehisce prematurely. Abscission of male flowers is also accelerated by ethylene. Visible signs of senescence, a rise in ethylene production, and reduced carbon dioxide production always precede abscission or dehiscence in untreated fruits and flowers. The amounts of diffusible cellulase increase in tissues on both sides of the fruit abscission zone after exposure to ethylene. Anatomical features of this abscission zone are described.The leaves of Ecballium do not abscind although the blade and petiole produce large amounts of ethylene at senescence, nor do they separate when ethylene is supplied. Ethylene treatment of attached fruit peduncles accelerates their rate of elongation in the growing zone below the apical hook. The regulation of growth and abscission in these organs is discussed.

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