scholarly journals Examination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean from the Western Balkans

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Maras ◽  
Barbara Pipan ◽  
Jelka Šuštar-Vozlič ◽  
Vida Todorović ◽  
Gordana Đurić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Mesoamerican Gene Pool ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Large Clusters

In this study, genetic diversity of 119 accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) from five former Yugoslav republics constituting the western Balkans was assessed by 13 microsatellite markers. This set of markers has proven before to efficiently distinguish between bean genotypes and assign them to either the Andean or the Mesoamerican gene pool of origin. In this study, 118 alleles were detected or 9.1 per locus on average. Four groups (i.e., Slovene, Croatian, Bosnian, and Serbian) showed similarly high levels of genetic diversity as estimated by the number of different alleles, number of effective alleles, Shannon’s information index, and expected heterozygosity. Mildly narrower genetic diversity was identified within a group of Macedonian accessions; however, this germplasm yielded the highest number of private alleles. All five germplasms share a great portion of genetic diversity as indicated by the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). On the basis of the scored number of migrants, we concluded that the most intensive gene flow in the region exists in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Cluster analysis based on collected molecular data classified the accessions into two large clusters that corresponded to two gene pools of origin (i.e., Andean and Mesoamerican). We found that Andean genotypes are more prevalent than Mesoamerican in all studied countries, except Macedonia, where the two gene pools are represented evenly. This could indicate that common bean was introduced into the western Balkans mainly from the Mediterranean Basin. Bayesian cluster analysis revealed that in the area studied an additional variation exists which is related to the Andean gene pool. Different scenarios of the origin of this variation are discussed in the article.

scholarly journals Population structure, genetic diversity and genomic selection signatures among a Brazilian common bean germplasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Delfini ◽  
Vânia Moda-Cirino ◽  
José dos Santos Neto ◽  
Paulo Maurício Ruas ◽  
Gustavo César Sant’Ana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Mesoamerican Gene Pool ◽  
Diversity Panel

AbstractBrazil is the world's largest producer of common bean. Knowledge of the genetic diversity and relatedness of accessions adapted to Brazilian conditions is of great importance for the conservation of germplasm and for directing breeding programs aimed at the development of new cultivars. In this context, the objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) of a diversity panel consisting of 219 common bean accessions, most of which belonging to the Mesoamerican gene pool. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) of these accessions allowed the identification of 49,817 SNPs with minor allele frequency > 0.05. Of these, 17,149 and 12,876 were exclusive to the Mesoamerican and Andean pools, respectively, and 11,805 SNPs could differentiate the two gene pools. Further the separation according to the gene pool, bayesian analysis of the population structure showed a subdivision of the Mesoamerican accessions based on the origin and color of the seed tegument. LD analysis revealed the occurrence of long linkage blocks and low LD decay with physical distance between SNPs (LD half decay in 249 kb, corrected for population structure and relatedness). The GBS technique could effectively characterize the Brazilian common bean germplasms, and the diversity panel used in this study may be of great use in future genome-wide association studies.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding collection in Serbia

Genetika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Savic ◽  
Milka Brdar-Jokanovic ◽  
Miodrag Dimitrijevic ◽  
Sofija Petrovic ◽  
Milan Zdravkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Novi Sad

The characterization of 41 common bean cultivars and landraces from breeding collection of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia, was done based on phenotypic traits and microsatellite markers. Phenotypic traits were chosen from Bioversity International descriptor list. In addition, main yield components were investigated. Analysis of phaseolin type revealed affiliation of cultivars and landraces to Mesoamerican or Andean gene pool. Cultivars and landraces demonstrated significant diversity level with regard to studied phenotypic traits. Identified variation showed high potential for developing new cultivars with desirable combination of traits. Principal component analysis based on phenotypic traits separated bean cultivars and landraces in two groups, which corresponded to Mesoamerican and Andean determined according to phaseolin type. Putative hybrids, with combination of traits between gene pools were also identified. Analysis of microsatellite data, using twenty-two SSR primer pairs, showed medium gene diversity in studied material. Microsatellite-based cluster analysis separated genotypes in two discrete clusters and several subclusters. No clear separation according to gene pool was found between the clusters, however grouping according to gene pool and patterns of phenotypic variation, following these gene pools, were observed within subclusters. Knowledge on detailed relationships of cultivars and landraces based on phenotypic and molecular data would facilitate identification of candidates for future breeding.

The genetic make-up of the European landraces of the common bean

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Angioi ◽  
D. Rau ◽  
L. Nanni ◽  
E. Bellucci ◽  
R. Papa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellites ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Mesoamerican Gene Pool ◽  
Hybridization Event ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
Andean Type ◽  
The Common ◽  
African Sample

Here, we present a brief overview of the main studies conducted on the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Europe and other countries outside its centres of origin. We focus on the proportions of the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools, and on the inter-gene pool hybridization events. In Europe, for chloroplast microsatellites, 67% of European germplasm is of Andean origin. Within Europe, interesting trends have been seen; indeed, the majority of the Andean type is found in the three macro-areas of the Iberian Peninsula, Italy and central-northern Europe, while, in eastern and south-eastern Europe, the proportion of the Mesoamerican type increased. On a local scale, the contribution of the Mesoamerican type is always low. On other continents, various situations are seen using different markers: in China and Brazil, the Mesoamerican gene pool prevails, while in an African sample, overall, both gene pools are equally represented, with differences in individual countries. The frequency of European bean genotypes deriving from at least one hybridization event was 44% with an uneven distribution. Interestingly, hybrids tend to have intermediate seed size in comparison with ‘pure’ Andean or Mesoamerican types. On other continents, very few hybrids are found, probably because of the different marker systems used.

Genetic diversity of Colombian landraces of common bean as detected through the use of silver-stained and fluorescently labelled microsatellites

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy M. Díaz ◽  
Héctor F. Buendía ◽  
Myriam C. Duque ◽  
Matthew W. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Silver Stain ◽  
Fluorescent Marker ◽  
Fluorescent Markers

Colombia, situated at the northern end of the Andes mountains of South America and in proximity to Central America, is an important centre of diversity for common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) that has a mix of cultivated germplasm from both major gene pools (Andean and Mesoamerican) for the species. Microsatellites are a useful marker system for analyzing genetic diversity of this crop and can be analyzed with manual (silver-stain) or automated (ABI) detection systems and using unlabelled or fluorescently labelled markers, respectively. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic diversity of 92 Colombian landraces and gene pool controls with 36 fluorescent and 30 non-fluorescent microsatellite markers and to determine the extent of introgression between the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools for this germplasm. A comparison of fluorescentversusnon-fluorescent marker systems was performed with 14 loci, which were evaluated with both methods; the fluorescent markers were found to be more precise than the non-fluorescent markers in determining population structure. A combined analysis of 52 microsatellites using the 36 fluorescent markers and 16 non-overlapping, silver-stained markers produced an accurate population structure for the Andean gene pool that separated race Nueva Granada and race Peru genotypes and clearly identified introgression between these races and the gene pools. The results of this research are important for the application of microsatellite markers to diversity analysis in common bean and for the conservation of landraces in Colombia and neighbouring countries of Latin America, where similar germplasm exists and where gene pool or race mixtures also occur.

RFLP diversity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in its centres of origin

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana L. Becerra Velasquez ◽  
Paul Gepts
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Eighty-five wild and cultivated accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), representing a wide geographic area in the centres of domestication were tested for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Genomic DNA was digested with one of three restriction enzymes (EcoRI, EcoRV, and HindIII) and hybridized to 12 probes distributed throughout the common bean genome. Accessions could be classified into two major groups with a distinct geographical distribution in Middle America and the Andes. Within each gene pool, cultivated accessions clustered together with wild forms from the same geographical area supporting the multiple domestications hypothesis for this crop. Estimates of Nei's genetic distances among the cultivated races from the two different gene pools varied from 0.12 to 0.56 and among races from the same gene pool from 0.04 to 0.12, suggesting that the divergence in Phaseolus vulgaris has reached the subspecies level. The level of genetic diversity (Ht = 0.38) was twice the value obtained with isozyme analysis. Genetic diversity within races (Hs = 0.27) was four to five times higher compared with isozymes, but genetic diversity between races (Dst = 0.11) was similar for both categories of markers. These results corroborate previous studies on the characterization of genetic diversity in common bean that clearly showed two distinct gene pools, Middle American and Andean. Moreover, RFLP markers are superior to isozymes because they provide better coverage of the genome and reveal higher level of polymorphisms.Key words: common bean, restriction fragment length polymorphism, domestication, genetic diversity.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of common bean accessions from former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia as revealed by molecular and morphological markers

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 729-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Maras ◽  
Afrodita Ibusoska ◽  
Suzana Kratovalieva ◽  
Rukie Agic ◽  
Jelka Sustar-Vozlic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Morphological Markers ◽  
Mesoamerican Gene Pool ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Yugoslav Republic

Cultivation of common bean has a long tradition in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) and is still nowadays important part of the human diet. In a study reported here 71 accessions from the FYROM were assessed for genetic diversity with the aim to provide information on genetic structure of Macedonian common bean germplasm and to depict its peculiarities. A total of 71 accessions were assessed using 13 microsatellite and 16 morphological markers. The average number of alleles per microsatellite was 5.8, and ranged from three to 16 alleles. High capacity of selected markers for distinguishing genotypes was identified by the calculation of a very low value of probability of identity. The relationship among 71 studied accessions was assessed by hierarchical cluster analysis. A very clear separation of accessions into two groups was observed in the UPGMA dendrogram. The larger represented Andean gene pool and contained 40 accessions (56% of total), while the other 31 accessions (44% of total) composed Mesoamerican gene pool. The two groups were successfully discriminated by eight morphological traits. Within the larger Andean cluster in the UPGMA dendrogram a sub-group of 16 climbing accessions was separated from 24 bush accessions. The absence of the string in the pods of the climbers suggests that this sub-group comprises snap beans grown primarily for their fresh pods. There were eight morphological traits in total that distinguished the two Andean sub-groups. Assessment of genetic relationship among accessions, their classification into respective gene pool and identification of morphological peculiarities provided valuable information for the management of plant gene bank and Macedonian bean breeding program.

scholarly journals Diversity of Common Bean Landraces Collected in the Western and Eastern Carpatien

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Horňáková ◽  
M. Závodná ◽  
M. Žáková ◽  
J. Kraic ◽  
F. Debre
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Polymorphism Detection ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

The study of diversity in common bean was based on morphological and agronomical characteristics, differentiation of collected accessions by morphological and molecular markers, detection of genetic variation, and duplicates detection in bean landraces. The analysed 82 accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were collected in the Western andEastern Carpatien as landrace mixtures. Their seeds were segregated and pooled according to their characteristics; they were further multiplicated, and introduced into the collection. An extensive variation in plant and seed traits was discovered in thirty-three morphological and agronomical characteristics. Nevertheless, some of the accessions were identical in these characteristics. Cluster analysis grouped genotypes into two main branches, reflecting the growth type, seed size parameters, and thousand-seed weight. Molecular differentiation studies were performed by multilocus polymorphism detection in microsatellite and minisatellite DNA regions. Cluster analysis based on molecular data also grouped genotypes but no linkage to morphological traits was revealed. Bean accessions with very similar or identical morphological characters were clearly distinguished by DNA banding patterns. The presence of duplicates was excluded.  

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and selection of genotypes to enhance Zn and Fe content in common bean

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z I Talukder ◽  
E Anderson ◽  
P N Miklas ◽  
M W Blair ◽  
J Osorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Discriminatory Ability ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Mapping Populations ◽  
Selection Of

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important source of dietary protein and minerals worldwide. Genes conditioning variability for mineral contents are not clearly understood. Our ultimate goal is to identify genes conditioning genetic variation for Zn and Fe content. To establish mapping populations for this objective, we tested mineral content of 29 common bean genotypes. Chemical analyses revealed significant genetic variability for seed Zn and Fe contents among the genotypes. Genetic diversity was evaluated with 49 primer pairs, of which 23 were simple sequence repeats (SSR), 16 were developed from tentative consensus (TC) sequences, and 10 were generated from common bean NBS-LRR gene sequences. The discriminatory ability of molecular markers for identifying allelic variation among genotypes was estimated by polymorphism information content (PIC) and the genetic diversity was measured from genetic similarities between genotypes. Primers developed from NBS-LRR gene sequences were highly polymorphic in both PIC values and number of alleles (0.82 and 5.3), followed by SSRs (0.56 and 3.0), and markers developed from TC (0.39 and 2.0). genetic similarity values between genotypes ranged from 14.0 (JaloEEP558 and DOR364) to 91.4 (MIB152 and MIB465). Cluster analysis clearly discriminated the genotypes into Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools. Common bean genotypes were selected to include in crossing to enhance seed Zn and Fe content based on genetic diversity and seed mineral contents of the genotypes. Key words: Common bean, genetic diversity, mineral nutrients, breeding

scholarly journals Genetic map of the common bean using a breeding population derived from the Mesoamerican gene pool

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.G. Ferreira ◽  
G.S.C. Buso ◽  
R.P.V. Brondani ◽  
C. Brondani ◽  
L.C. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Mesoamerican Gene Pool ◽  
The Common
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