scholarly journals EXTRACORPOREAL HAEMOCORRECTION AND ITS IMPACT ON FREE-RADICAL OXIDATION AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE IN ABDOMINAL SEPSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
V. S. Petrov ◽  
◽  
M. M. Petrova ◽  
S. V. Sviridov ◽  
D. V. Surmenev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Abdominal Sepsis ◽  
Radical Oxidation

scholarly journals Biochemical evaluation of excisional wound healing in rats with diabetes mellitus after using different methods of wound closure

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. O. Loza ◽  
M. I. Marushchak
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes

Introduction. Wound healing according to modern concepts is a coordinated process that passes through certain stages with the participation of different cells and products of its vital functions that regulate the healing process. It is well known that in patients with diabetes there is a violation of the process of wound healing, although until now, all the features of diabetes underlying such an inclination have not been fully understood.The aim of the study – to identify the features of oxidative stress on the background of diabetes mellitus in the rat's homogenate when different methods of closing wounds had been used. Research Methods. The experiment was conducted on 60 male rats weighing 280–320 g, which pre-simulated diabetes mellitus and surgical wounds. To detect the activation of free radical oxidation processes, the content of active forms of oxygen (AFC), lipid hydroperoxides (HPL), diene conjugates (DK) and trienic conjugates (TC) and oxidation modifications of proteins (OMP370 and OMP430). To study the antioxidant defense system, activity of superoxide dismutase was determined. Also, the activity of catalase and sulfhydryl groups (SH-groups) was determined.Results and Discussion. The research conducted by us showed that during the wounded process, on the background of diabetes, the activity of free radical oxidation processes increased. However, in the animal skin homogenates, which are labeled "Dermabond", all indices are significantly lower than in the group of animals that have been sewed over the course of all research periods. In the early stages of scar formation (3 days), an increase in the activity of the antioxidant defense system in both groups was observed. At the same time, in the experimental group of animals, which imposed the nodal seams, the activity of SOD and catalase significantly exceeded the skin index of animals, which applied glue and made (199.81±7.59) UM and (175.02±8.31) cat/kg, respectively.Conclusion. The use of skin glue reduces the intensity of the course of free radical oxidation in the cells of the scar tissue of the postoperative wound in conditions of diabetes mellitus in comparison with the imposition of nodal sutures on it: in the skin of animals, which is applied to the "Dermabond" glue, all indicators are significantly lower than in the group of animals, which imposed seam joints, throughout all research periods. 

scholarly journals Assessment of the body’s nonspecific defense in workers exposed to noxious factors of chemical and petrochemical industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 784-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
R I Sabitova ◽  
E D Kravets ◽  
E F Galiullina ◽  
D F Shakirov ◽  
F Kh Kamilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Electrolyte Metabolism ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes

Aim. To study the processes of free-radical oxidation, antioxidant defense, energy metabolism, electrolyte metabolism, and cytokine system reflecting the state of the non-specific defense of the body in workers exposed to complex of toxic substances under the conditions of manufacturing, substantiating the importance of indicators of preclinical diagnosis of disease development risk.Methods. The study included 90 workers of JSC «Experimental Plant Neftekhim», 95 workers of JSC «Kaustic» and 101 workers of JSC «Ufa plant of elastomeric materials, products and structures». Materials for the study were blood, mixed saliva, gingival fluid and urine. The laboratory studies were performed to evaluate the free radical oxidation processes, antioxidant defense, energy metabolism, electrolyte metabolism, and cytokine system. Taking into account the features of industrial factors, particularly their effects on the workers bodies, routes of toxic compounds entry by inhalation, oral cavity and skin of the hands, three professional groups were formed (A, B, C). Group A included employees having constant contact with chlororganic compounds. The group B included persons who have constant contact with the higher and lower aromatic hydrocarbons. A group C consisted of employees who have constant contact with a mixture of chemicals: rubber compound containing carcinogens - benzo(a)pyrene, NDMA, nitrosodiethylamine; white carbon black, rubber dust, talc, amine compounds, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide. The control group consisted of employees of administrative and managerial staff.Results. The study revealed that one of the major pathogenetic mechanisms of action of chemical and petrochemical industry hazards is activation of free radical oxidation.Conclusion. Among the mechanisms of the influence of chemical contaminants of working environment a leading role play intensification of free radical oxidation processes, failure and/or inhibition of the antioxidant defense components.

scholarly journals The effect of electromagnetic radiation on indexes of antioxidant defense in rat erythrocytes and blood plasma

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Н.А. Терехина ◽  
А.Д. Селин ◽  
Г.А. Терехин
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Rat Erythrocytes ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Decimeter Range

Цель исследования - изучение влияния электромагнитного излучения дециметрового диапазона на показатели антиоксидантной защиты в эритроцитах и плазме крови крыс. Методика. Эксперименты выполнены на крысах находившихся под влиянием электромагнитного поля дециметрового диапазона в течение 3-х мес. Проведен хемилюминесцентный анализ эритроцитов и плазмы крови животных. Интенсивность свободно радикального окисления в эритроцитах и плазме крови оценивали по показателям: максимальной интенсивности хемилюминесценции (Imax); светосуммы (S); светосуммы после максимального значения хемилюминесценции S(imax); коэффициентам Zlmax и Dec. Спектрофотометрически определяли содержание восстановленного глутатиона в эритроцитах. В плазме крови определяли содержание церулоплазмина, меди и железа. Анализ этих показателей был проведен в динамике исследования через 30, 60 и 90 сут. Результаты. Длительное (в течение 3 мес) нахождение животных в условиях действия электромагнитного поля приводит к изменениям показателей хемилюминесценции эритроцитов. Изменение показателей Imaх, S, Simax свидетельствует о нарушении процессов свободнорадикального окисления. В эритроцитах периферической крови крыс при этом установлено повышение содержания глутатиона. В плазме крови выявлено увеличение концентрации церулоплазмина и меди, снижение содержания железа. Заключение. Длительное нахождение животных в условиях действия электромагнитного поля приводит к нарушению равновесия в прооксидантно-антиоксидантной системе в эритроцитах. Антиоксиданты глутатион и церулоплазмин являются мишенью для действия электромагнитного излучения дециметрового диапазона. Установлено влияние длительного электромагнитного излучения на показатели минерального обмена: снижение содержания железа и увеличение содержания меди в плазме крови. The aim of the research was to study the effect of decimeter-range electromagnetic radiation on indexes of antioxidant defense in rat erythrocytes and blood plasma. Methods. Experiments were performed on rats exposed to decimeter-range electromagnetic field for three mos. Chemiluminescent analysis of erythrocytes and blood plasma was performed. Intensity of free-radical oxidation in erythrocytes and plasma was evaluated by parameters of maximum chemiluminescence intensity (Imax), light sum (S), the light sum after the maximum chemiluminescence value (imax), and ZImax and Dec coefficients. The content of reduced glutathione in peripheral blood erythrocytes and the plasma contents of ceruloplasmin, iron and copper were measured spectrophotometrically at 30, 60, and 90 days. Results. A long-term exposure of animals to the electromagnetic field for 3 mos. led to changes in chemiluminescent parameters of erythrocytes. The changes in Imax, S, and Simax indicated impairment of free-radical oxidation processes. The content of glutathione was increased in peripheral blood erythrocytes. The plasma contents of ceruloplasmin and copper were increased whereas the content of iron was decreased. Conclusion. The long-term exposure of animals to the electromagnetic field results in an imbalance of the erythrocyte pro-/antioxidant system. The antioxidants glutathione and ceruloplasmin are targets for the decimeter-range electromagnetic radiation. The study demonstrated the effect of long-term electromagnetic radiation on indexes of mineral metabolism evident as a decrease in the content of iron and an increase in the content of copper in the blood plasma.

Recent Insights into the Nutritional Antioxidant Therapy in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Vascular Complications - A comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narasimha M. Beeraka ◽  
Irina K. Tomilova ◽  
Galina A. Batrak ◽  
Maria V. Zhaburina ◽  
Vladimir N. Nikolenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia

: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and DM-induced vascular complications are a significant global healthcare problem causing a decrease in patient quality of life. The main reason for the disability and mortality of patients is rapidly progressing micro- and macroangiopathies. Currently, free radical oxidation is recognized as one of the main mechanisms in the development of DM and associated complications. Under normal physiological conditions, the level of free radicals and antioxidant defense capabilities is balanced. However, imbalance occurs between the antioxidant defense system and pro-oxidants during chronic hyperglycemia and may invoke formation of excess free radicals, leading to activation of lipid peroxidation and accumulation of highly toxic products of free radical oxidation. This is accompanied by varying degrees of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance in DM patients. Simultaneously with the activation of free radical generation, a decrease in the activity of antioxidant defense factors (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, vitamins C and E) and an acceleration of diabetic complications is seen. Therefore, we hypothesize that antioxidants may play a positive role in the treatment of DM patients to prevent DM-induced vascular complications. However this has not been sufficiently studied. In this review, we discuss recent insights into the potential underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress induced diabetic complications, and implications of antioxidants in mitigation of DM-induced vascular complications.

Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system in patients with kidney cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
A. V. Alyasova ◽  
K. N. Kontorshchikova ◽  
Z. V. Amoev ◽  
E. А. Farafontova ◽  
T. N. Gorshkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Peroxidation Processes

Purpose of the study: to assess the state of lipid peroxidation processes in patients with kidney cancer in relation to the clinical factors of the prognosis of the disease and against the background of surgical intervention.Material and methods. For the study, we used blood plasma samples from 300 patients with kidney cancer T1–4N 0–1M0–1, obtained before surgery and 8–9 days after surgery. Oxidative stress was assessed by the intensity of free radical processes by the method of induced biochemiluminescence on the BKhL-07 biochemiluminometer apparatus (Medozons Co., Russia), the activity of lipid peroxidation processes was assessed by the accumulation of initial products in the blood plasma – diene conjugates (DC), triene conjugates (TC) and fial Schiff bases (OSh) according to I. A. Volchegorsky et al. method. (1989). Statistical processing of the results was carried out using Statistica 12 and Microsoft Offie Excel 2010 programs.Results. In patients with kidney cancer, there was a decrease in the level of DC, an increase in OSh and the ratio of Osh / (DC + TC) compared with the control (p ≤ 0.05), against the background of depletion of the resources of the antioxidant defense system. The content of DC did not differ from the norm with the size of the primary tumor of the kidney pT1–pT2 and decreased (p ≤ 0.05) in the case of the presence of the tumor pT3–pT4. At the same time, there was an increase in the OSh content (p ≤ 0.05). In patients with thrombi in the inferior vena cava system, a decrease in the level of DC was observed (p ≤ 0.05), the OSh level did not differ from that of healthy individuals. In the postoperative period, there was an increase in the content of DC (p ≤ 0.05) and a decrease in the Osh / (DC + TC) coeffiient (p ≤ 0.05) compared with the initial level.Conclusion. Kidney cancer is accompanied by the activation of free radical oxidation processes against the background of depletion of the resources of the antioxidant defense system. Changes in the pro-antioxidant homeostasis are interrelated with the size of the primary tumor and the presence of a tumor thrombus. In the postoperative period, the activity of free radical oxidation processes in the patient’s body decreases.

State of the enzyme link of antioxidant protection in boys with hypoandrogenism

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
L. K. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
L. A. Strashok ◽  
S. I. Turchina ◽  
G. V. Kosovtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation

Recently, interest in the problem of free radical oxidation in biological membranes, which is directly related to both the normal functioning of cells and the occurrence, course and outcome of many pathological conditions, has increased again in clinical medicine. The aim was to determine the role and impact of antioxidant defense in boys with hypoandrogenism. The study involved 75 adolescents with hypoandrogenism aged 13–18 years, who underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. All patients were conducted complex of anthropometric research and determination of the degree of delayed puberty, laboratory and instrumental examination. Free radical oxidation was determined by the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonated proteins, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum, and restored glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood. Based on their determination, the coefficient of oxidative stress was calculated. Statistical processing of results was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods. The study of indicators of the free radical oxidation process found that adolescents with hypoandrogenism have multidirectional changes in the oxidation of proteins and lipids, namely: the level of conjugated dienes increases, the concentration of malondialdehyde remains at the level of the control group, and the level of carbonated proteins tends to decrease. As for the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes, a significant decrease in the level of glutathione peroxidase was detected, while the level of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained at the level of normative indicators. Oxidative stress accompanies and is one of the pathogenetic links in the formation or maintenance of the state of hypoandrogenism in boys. This requires the use of antioxidants, the complex of which must be selected individually.

Adaptogenic correction of free radical brain damage in subchronic exposure to sodium fl uoride

2020 ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
A. G. Zhukova ◽  
L. G. Gorokhova ◽  
A. S. Kazitskaya ◽  
T. K. Yadykina ◽  
N. N. Mikhailova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Free Radical Processes ◽  
Subchronic Exposure ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzymes ◽  
Radical Processes ◽  
Complex Drug

Introduction. Fluorine compounds in small doses, but with prolonged exposure, cause various disorders in organs at the cellular and molecular levels. Activation of free-radical processes plays an important role in the damaging eff ect of fl uorides. Th erefore, one of the most eff ective ways to limit fl uorine-induced damage is to directly aff ect free-radical processes using herbal preparations with antioxidant properties.The aim of the study is to study the eff ect of a dihydroquercetin-based drug on the activity of free radical processes in brain tissue under subchronic exposure to sodium fl uoride (NaF).Materials and methods. Th e work was performed on white male laboratory rats weighing 200-250 g. Th e rats were divided into 3 groups: 1 — control; 2 — rats with chronic exposure to sodium fl uoride (NaF) for 9 weeks; 3 — rats receiving a NAF solution with simultaneous administration of a complex drug based on dihydroquercetin at a dose of 3 mg/kg in 1% starch gel for 3, 6 and 9 weeks. The activity of free radical oxidation and antioxidant defense enzymes — superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase-was determined in the cerebral cortex. Th e level of expression of hypoxia-induced transcription factor HIF — 1A and inducible forms of proteins HSP72 and HSP32 were determined in the cytosolic fraction of brain tissue.Results. In the early stages of subchronic fl uoride exposure (1-3 weeks), the expression of protective proteins HIF-1α, HSP72, HSP32 and catalase was shown in the rat cortex, as a result of which the activity of free-radical processes was maintained at the control level. An increase in the timing of fl uoride intake to 9 weeks led to a decrease in antioxidant protection and signifi cant activation of free radical oxidation in brain tissue. Daily administration of a complex drug with dihydroquercetin for 3, 6 and 9 weeks to rats with subchronic fl uoride exposure led to a decrease in the severity of pro- and antioxidant balance disorders in the cerebral cortex. At the same time, the greatest protective eff ect of dihydroquercetin with fl uoride exposure was manifested by the 9th week of its administration.Conclusions. When subchronic intake of fl uorides in the body, the drug based on dihydroquercetin has a neuroprotective eff ect, which is manifested by an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes of fr ee radical oxidation and catalase and the resistance of the cortex to induced fr ee radical oxidation.

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