Importance of Nitrogen and Phosphorus for Production of Grasses Established with No-Till and Conventional Planting Systems

jpa ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Rehm
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
No Till

Nitrate Leaching to a Shallow Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain Aquifer as Influenced by Conventional No-Till and Low-Input Sustainable Grain Production Systems

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 691-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Craig ◽  
R. R. Weil
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Low Input ◽  
No Till

In December, 1987, the states in the Chesapeake Bay region, along with the federal government, signed an agreement which called for a 40% reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus loadings to the Bay by the year 2000. To accomplish this goal, major reductions in nutrient loadings associated with agricultural management practices were deemed necessary. The objective of this study was to determine if reducing fertilizer inputs to the NT system would result in a reduction in nitrogen contamination of groundwater. In this study, groundwater, soil, and percolate samples were collected from two cropping systems. The first system was a conventional no-till (NT) grain production system with a two-year rotation of corn/winter wheat/double crop soybean. The second system, denoted low-input sustainable agriculture (LISA), produced the same crops using a winter legume and relay-cropped soybeans into standing wheat to reduce nitrogen and herbicide inputs. Nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in groundwater were significantly lower under the LISA system. Over 80% of the NT groundwater samples had NO3-N concentrations greater than 10 mgl-1, compared to only 4% for the LISA cropping system. Significantly lower soil mineral N to a depth of 180 cm was also observed. The NT soil had nearly twice as much mineral N present in the 90-180 cm portion than the LISA cropping system.

scholarly journals Productivity of Rainfed Winter Wheat with Direct Sowing and Economic Efficiency of Diversified Fertilization in Arid Region of South Kazakhstan

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Sagadat Turebayeva ◽  
Aigul Zhapparova ◽  
Akbota Yerkin ◽  
Khaiyrnisa Aisakulova ◽  
Gainiya Yesseyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
No Till ◽  
Powerful Means ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Plant Growth Stimulants ◽  
First Time ◽  
Direct Sowing ◽  
Micronutrient Fertilizer

Reduced soil tillage is a powerful means to mitigate soil degradation. However, in arid climates, no-till rainfed technologies often result in yield drop due to lack of soil moisture and mineral nutrition. Rainfed production of winter wheat using direct sowing and diversified fertilization in South Kazakhstan was studied in 2019–2020. Eight field-scale treatments using nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were studied for biometric parameters of winter wheat. An economic profitability of the amendments used was assessed. The soil managed to accumulate productive moisture to support plants’ needs during formation of productive organs. Use of phosphorus fertilizer at direct sowing accelerated grain maturation, and the combination of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer lengthened the growing season. The highest production cost of 1 tonne of grain was in the plots that did not receive any amendments, and the lowest cost was in the treatment with use of plant growth stimulants together with micronutrient fertilizer. For the first time, optimization of the soil nutritional regime with consideration of the biological and phenological demands allowed for the balance of the plant nutrition and cost efficiency of grain production with direct sowing of winter wheat in dry conditions in South Kazakhstan.

NO-TILL PASTURE RENOVATION AFTER SWARD SUPPRESSION BY HERBICIDES

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAJIB MALIK ◽  
JOHN WADDINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Control Method ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
No Till ◽  
Late Fall ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Astragalus Cicer ◽  
Quizalofop Ethyl

Four experiments were conducted to investigate methods for establishing legumes without cultivation in a pasture of low productivity because of nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies on the Pathlow Community Pasture in northeastern Saskatchewan. Glyphosate applied at 2.2 kg ha−1 in strips 36 cm wide in early fall 1983 and 1984 was used as a standard vegetation control method. Other treatments were applied the same way. Alfalfa (Medicago media Pers. ’Beaver’) and cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L. ’Oxley’) were seeded in the sprayed strips in late fall 1983 and spring 1985 using a triple-disk range drill. The degree of establishment was assessed initially by seedling counts and later by cover estimates each year until 1988. Legume establishment was best in strips where the vegetation was killed. The addition of 5% wt/vol ammonium sulphate to glyphosate did not improve establishment of the legumes significantly. Fluazifop-butyl, quizalofop-ethyl, and haloxyfop-methyl had little effect on the resident vegetation and legume establishment was poor. Sethoxydim tested at 0.8 kg ha−1 appeared to provide less suppression of vegetation than was achieved with glyphosate at 1.1 kg ha−1 but legume establishment was similar. There was no benefit to drilling phosphorus at rates up to 60 kg ha−1 with the seed.Key words: Pasture, renovation, no-tillage seeding, alfalfa, cicer milkvetch, sward suppression

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses in Runoff from No-Till Soybeans

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 0643-0648 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. McDowell ◽  
K. C. McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
No Till ◽  
Phosphorus Losses

scholarly journals Mulch and no-till impacts on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching in a maize field under sub-tropic monsoon climate

2021 ◽  
pp. 100346
Author(s):  
M.G. Mostofa Amin ◽  
Ahmed Al Minhaj ◽  
Deen Islam ◽  
Biswajit Bhowmik ◽  
Md. Moudud Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Leaching ◽  
Monsoon Climate ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
No Till

scholarly journals Effects of no-till and rice varieties on nitrogen and phosphorus balance in rice fields

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Yang ◽  
Xinqiang Liang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Yanfeng Chen ◽  
Guangming Tian
Keyword(s):  
Rice Fields ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Phosphorus Balance ◽  
No Till

Influence of increased nutrient supply on Microcystis aeruginosa at cellular and proteomic levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Y Jiang ◽  
Y Liu
Keyword(s):  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Proteomic Responses

Various studies have observed that increased nutrient supply promotes the growth of bloom-forming cyanobacteria, but only a limited number of studies have investigated the influence of increased nutrient supply on bloom-forming cyanobacteria at the proteomic level. We investigated the cellular and proteomic responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to elevated nitrogen and phosphorus supply. Increased supply of both nutrients significantly promoted the growth of M. aeruginosa and the synthesis of chlorophyll a, protein, and microcystins. The release of microcystins and the synthesis of polysaccharides negatively correlated with the growth of M. aeruginosa under high nutrient levels. Overexpressed proteins related to photosynthesis, and amino acid synthesis, were responsible for the stimulatory effects of increased nutrient supply in M. aeruginosa. Increased nitrogen supply directly promoted cyanobacterial growth by inducing the overexpression of the cell division regulatory protein FtsZ. NtcA, that regulates gene transcription related to both nitrogen assimilation and microcystin synthesis, was overexpressed under the high nitrogen condition, which consequently induced overexpression of 2 microcystin synthetases (McyC and McyF) and promoted microcystin synthesis. Elevated nitrogen supply induced the overexpression of proteins involved in gas vesicle organization (GvpC and GvpW), which may increase the buoyancy of M. aeruginosa. Increased phosphorus level indirectly affected growth and the synthesis of cellular substances in M. aeruginosa through the mediation of differentially expressed proteins related to carbon and phosphorus metabolism. This study provides a comprehensive description of changes in the proteome of M. aeruginosa in response to an increased supply of 2 key nutrients.

Method application of optimal multi-parameter analysis to assess the distribution of water masses as an example of CTD data of the Barents Sea in summer 2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-51
Author(s):  
Valeriy G. Yakubenko ◽  
Anna L. Chultsova
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Expert Assessments

Identification of water masses in areas with complex water dynamics is a complex task, which is usually solved by the method of expert assessments. In this paper, it is proposed to use a formal procedure based on the application of the method of optimal multiparametric analysis (OMP analysis). The data of field measurements obtained in the 68th cruise of the R/V “Academician Mstislav Keldysh” in the summer of 2017 in the Barents Sea on the distribution of temperature, salinity, oxygen, silicates, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration are used as a data for research. A comparison of the results with data on the distribution of water masses in literature based on expert assessments (Oziel et al., 2017), allows us to conclude about their close structural similarity. Some differences are related to spatial and temporal shifts of measurements. This indicates the feasibility of using the OMP analysis technique in oceanological studies to obtain quantitative data on the spatial distribution of different water masses.

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