Genetic Background and Environment Influence Palmitate Content of Soybean Seed Oil

Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted in 1995 and 1996 to determine soybean injury and weed control differences from imazamox and imazethapyr applied postemergence with a nonionic surfactant or methylated seed oil and with selected tank mixtures. Soybean injury from imazamox at 35 g ai ha−1plus either a methylated seed oil or nonionic surfactant was equal to injury from imazethapyr at 70 g ai ha−1in the greenhouse and field. Imazamox provided greater common lambsquarters control than imazethapyr in the field in 1995 and in the greenhouse. Thifensulfuron tank mixed with imazethapyr increased common lambsquarters control, while soybean response increased when thifensulfuron was tank mixed with imazamox. Common ragweed dry weight was reduced 61 to 64% from 35 g ha−1imazamox and 70 g ha−1imazethapyr in the field; however, imazamox provided greater common ragweed control than imazethapyr in the greenhouse. Tank mixtures of lactofen with imazamox or imazethapyr increased common ragweed control and resulted in greater soybean seed yield in 1996 than when imazamox and imazethapyr were applied alone; however, lactofen antagonized giant foxtail control with imazamox and imazethapyr, and antagonized common lambsquarters control with imazamox. Giant foxtail control in the greenhouse was antagonized more when acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen were tank mixed with 35 g ha−1imazethapyr than with 35 g ha−1imazamox. Giant foxtail control with imazamox or imazethapyr applied alone or with diphenyl ether herbicides increased when 28% urea ammonium nitrate was added with nonionic surfactant compared with nonionic surfactant only. Imazethapyr antagonized giant foxtail control by clethodim in the field and was more antagonistic than imazamox in the greenhouse. A methylated seed oil improved common ragweed control by imazethapyr at 70 g ha−1and imazamox at 18 and 35 g ha−1, while common lambsquarters and velvetleaf control increased when a methylated seed oil was included with 18 g ha−1imazethapyr compared to nonionic surfactant in the greenhouse.

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Dynamic Transcriptome Changes Related to Oil Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seeds

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20092202 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 2202 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Songnan Yang ◽

Long Miao ◽

Jianbo He ◽

Kai Zhang ◽

Yan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Candidate Genes ◽

Molecular Basis ◽

Oil Content ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Seed Oil Content ◽

Oil Accumulation ◽

Expression Levels

Soybean is one of the most important oil crops in the world. Revealing the molecular basis and exploring key candidate genes for seed oil synthesis has great significance for soybean improvement. In this study, we found that oil accumulation rates and gene expression levels changed dynamically during soybean seed development. The expression levels of genes in metabolic pathways such as carbon fixation, photosynthesis, glycolysis, and fatty acid biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated during the rapid accumulation of oil in developing soybean seeds. Through weighted correlation network analysis, we identified six co-expression modules associated with soybean seed oil content and the pink module was the most positively correlated (r = 0.83, p = 7 × 10−4) network. Through the integration of differential expression and co-expression analysis, we predicted 124 candidate genes potentially affecting soybean seed oil content, including seven genes in lipid metabolism pathway, two genes involved in glycolysis, one gene in sucrose metabolism, and 12 genes belonged to transcription factors as well as other categories. Among these, three genes (GmABI3b, GmNFYA and GmFAD2-1B) have been shown to control oil and fatty acid content in soybean seeds, and other newly identified candidate genes would broaden our knowledge to understand the molecular basis for oil accumulation in soybean seeds.

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