Freezing Tolerance and Carbohydrate Changes during Cold Acclimation of Green‐Type Annual Bluegrass ( Poa annua L.) Ecotypes

Crop Science ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Dionne ◽  
Yves Castonguay ◽  
Paul Nadeau ◽  
Yves Desjardins
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Annual Bluegrass

Amino Acid and Protein Changes during Cold Acclimation of Green‐Type Annual Bluegrass ( Poa annua L.) Ecotypes

Crop Science ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1862-1870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Dionne ◽  
Yves Castonguay ◽  
Paul Nadeau ◽  
Yves Desjardins
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Annual Bluegrass

Growth, freezing tolerance, and yield performance of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) cultivars grown under controlled and field conditions in northern latitudes

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1109-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervi M. Seppänen ◽  
Ville Alitalo ◽  
Hanna K. Bäckström ◽  
Kirsi Mäkiniemi ◽  
Venla Jokela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Second Year

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most popular forage legume crops worldwide. Its cultivation in the boreal and sub-boreal zone is restricted by inadequate winter hardiness, but global warming may increase its adaptability in these latitudes. Here, we examined variation in growth and freezing tolerance of four alfalfa cultivars recommended for the northern temperate climates of Europe (Alexis, Lavo, Live, and Nexus) and two cultivars with adaptation to milder or Mediterranean climates (Rangelander and Hunter River). Two experiments under controlled conditions (growth cessation and cold acclimation experiments) along with a 2-yr field experiment were conducted. Lavo was the most freezing-tolerant cultivar in both the cold acclimation and field experiments. Both Rangelander and Hunter River showed poor freezing tolerance. Lavo responded to decreasing temperatures, unlike the response to shorter day length, by allocating biomass to the roots. In general, better freezing tolerance was associated with high total nonstructural carbohydrate and low starch content. The field experiment results revealed that the more freezing-tolerant cultivars may have some advantages regarding yield, especially in the second year, but the differences between the cultivars were modest.

scholarly journals Effect of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on the Physiological and Biochemical Processes of Ligustrum lucidum during Natural Cold Acclimation

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-864
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Runfang Zhang ◽  
Pingsheng Leng ◽  
Zenghui Hu ◽  
Man Shen
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Freezing Injury ◽  
Ligustrum Lucidum ◽  
Glossy Privet ◽  
Exogenous Salicylic Acid ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The evergreen Ligustrum lucidum (glossy privet) suffers from freezing injury in northern China, where there are short growing seasons and early fall frost events. To investigate the influence of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) application on the natural cold acclimation of glossy privet, physiological and biochemical changes in glossy privet seedlings subjected to SA treatments at four concentrations (0, 150, 250, and 350 mg·L−1) were evaluated from Sept. to Dec. 2016. The optimum application concentrations were between 250 and 350 mg·L−1, which led to better freezing tolerance during natural cold acclimation. The improved freezing tolerance under exogenous SA application was associated with the accumulation of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar, and the regulations of gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Salicylic acid treatments started a cascade of steps for advancing the cold acclimation process of glossy privet. We suggest that exogenous SA application may be used on glossy privet grown in northern China.

Inheritance of Flowering Pattern among Four Annual Bluegrass ( Poa annua L.) Genotypes

Crop Science ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Johnson ◽  
Donald B. White
Keyword(s):  
Poa Annua ◽  
Flowering Pattern ◽  
Annual Bluegrass

Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L.)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry W. Mitich
Keyword(s):  
Poa Annua ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

The grasses or Poaceae (Gramineae) comprise some 9,000 species grouped into about 650 taxa. Although not the largest, the family is ecologically the most dominant and economically the most important in the world (Heywood 1993).

Control ofPoa annuaby Suppression of Seedheads with Growth Regulators

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Watschke ◽  
F. W. Long ◽  
J. M. Duich
Keyword(s):  
Dicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Fertile Pollen ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the degree to which annual bluegrass (Poa annuaL.) could be controlled by inhibiting seedheads. The materials used were: MH (1,2-dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione); chlorflurenol (methyl 2-chloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylate), plus methyl 9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylate, and methyl 2,7-dichloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylate; and endothall [7-oxabicyclo (2.2.1) heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid]. The effects of these materials on pollen quality and the viability of seed produced by treated plants were also determined. For all chemicals used, multiple applications at low rates resulted in better seedhead inhibition than single treatments at higher rates and their effects lasted longer. However, treatments that inhibited seedheads by an amount predicted to reduce annual bluegrass (more than 75%) often caused objectionable foliar discoloration. Endothall, particularly the granular formulation, caused excessive injury at all rates. All growth regulators reduced the number of seed produced, which affected the number of seeds that germinated from soil that was taken from treated plots. The number of seed found in the soil was sufficient to allow the stand to be self-perpetuating. All treatments reduced the percentage of fertile pollen, however, this reduction was not significant because the germination of seed harvested from treated plants was not reduced significantly. Even though these treatments reduced seedheads significantly, the population of annual bluegrass the following year was not reduced.

scholarly journals Freezing Tolerance of Lolium multiflorum/Festuca arundinacea Introgression Forms is Associated with the High Activity of Antioxidant System and Adjustment of Photosynthetic Activity under Cold Acclimation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Augustyniak ◽  
Izabela Pawłowicz ◽  
Katarzyna Lechowicz ◽  
Karolina Izbiańska-Jankowska ◽  
Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Oxygen Species

Though winter-hardiness is a complex trait, freezing tolerance was proved to be its main component. Species from temperate regions acquire tolerance to freezing in a process of cold acclimation, which is associated with the exposure of plants to low but non-freezing temperatures. However, mechanisms of cold acclimation in Lolium-Festuca grasses, important for forage production in Europe, have not been fully recognized. Thus, two L. multiflorum/F. arundinacea introgression forms with distinct freezing tolerance were used herein as models in the comprehensive research to dissect these mechanisms in that group of plants. The work was focused on: (i) analysis of cellular membranes’ integrity; (ii) analysis of plant photosynthetic capacity (chlorophyll fluorescence; gas exchange; gene expression, protein accumulation, and activity of selected enzymes of the Calvin cycle); (iii) analysis of plant antioxidant capacity (reactive oxygen species generation; gene expression, protein accumulation, and activity of selected enzymes); and (iv) analysis of Cor14b accumulation, under cold acclimation. The more freezing tolerant introgression form revealed a higher integrity of membranes, an ability to cold acclimate its photosynthetic apparatus and higher water use efficiency after three weeks of cold acclimation, as well as a higher capacity of the antioxidant system and a lower content of reactive oxygen species in low temperature.

Herbicides for Container Grown Nursery Stock

Weed Science ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Poa Annua ◽  
Senecio Vulgaris ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Common Groundsel

Over a 3-yr period 10 herbicides were tested alone or in combination for control of weeds and for effects on growth of nursery stock in containers. Annual bluegrass (Poa annuaL.) was controlled by norea [3-(hexahydro-4,7-methanoindan-5-yl)-1,1-dimethylurea], alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], and combinations of diphenamid (N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamid), trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine), and nitralin [4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline] plus simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine]. Bittercress (Cardamine oligospermaNutt.) was controlled by simazine, oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-Δ2-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one], and norflurazon [4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone]. Mouseear chickweed (Cerastium vulgatumL.) was controlled by dichlobenil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile) and norflurazon, and common groundsel (Senecio vulgarisL.) was controlled by dichlobenil and norflurazon. Some of the treatments decreased growth of certain nursery cultivars.

Herbicide Programs for Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L.) Control in Nebraska

cftm ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. cftm2015.0221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Reicher ◽  
Matt Sousek ◽  
Matt Giese
Keyword(s):  
Poa Annua ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Herbicide Programs
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