Prospettive tecnologiche per llincontro fra domanda e offerta nel mercato del lavoro locale (Technology Foresight for Matching between Supply and Demand in the Local Labor Market)

Resumen:Este artículo examina los fa c t o res internos y externos a una localidad que son copartícipes en la estructuración y reestructuración de su mercado de trabajo local. A partir de la revisión de la historia social y económica del lugar, se destaca su tránsito de enclave minero a lugar de residencia de mineros y trabajadores de maquiladoras. En este caso, se presenta la constitución de los mercados de trabajo locales como un resultado del encuentro de las condiciones del lugar de residencia de los trabajadores y el lugar donde se encuentra el centro de trabajo. De aquí que la movilidad laboral geográfica aparezca como una de las tácticas de los sujetos ante una situación de desempleo.Palabras clave: Mercado de trabajo, Minería, Maquiladoras, Mineros, Movilidad laboral, Desempleo.Abstract:This article examines the internal and external local factors shaping the structuring and restructuring of a local labor market. By reviewing the social and economic history of the community, this article underlines its transition from a mining setting to a residence place for miners and maquila workers. In this case, the constitution of local labor markets is presented as a result of the condition encounter of both workers residence place and the location of the work place. This is a reason explaining why geographical labor mobility comes to be an actor tactic to face unemployment.Key words: Labor market, Mining, Export-oriented industry, Miners, Labor mobility, Unemployment.

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Decomposing US Political Ideology: Local Labor Market Polarization and Race in the 2016 Presidential Election

Journal of Economics Race and Policy ◽

10.1007/s41996-020-00056-z ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maoyong Fan ◽

Anita Alves Pena

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Presidential Election ◽

Political Ideology ◽

Local Labor Market

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Risk, Recessions and Resilience: Towards Sustainable Local Labor Markets through Employment Portfolio Analysis

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13147926 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 7926

Author(s):

Bharman Gulati ◽

Stephan Weiler

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Labor Markets ◽

Positive Impact ◽

The United States ◽

Local Economy ◽

Local Labor Markets ◽

Local Labor Market ◽

Business Survival ◽

Trade Offs ◽

New Business

This paper explores the role of local labor market dynamics on the survival of new businesses. The characteristics of the local labor market are likely to influence the survival of new businesses, the level of entrepreneurship, and the resilience of the regional economy. We apply portfolio theory to evaluate employment-based and income-based measures of risk-and-return trade-offs in local labor markets on new business survival in the United States. Our results show that volatility in local labor markets has a positive impact on new business survival, especially in Metropolitan Statistical Areas. The results are robust across different timeframes, including during economic downturns, thus highlighting the contribution of new businesses in developing the resilience of the local economy, and further promoting sustainable regional economic development.

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Peer Effects in the Workplace

The American Economic Review ◽

10.1257/aer.20141300 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 107 (2) ◽

pp. 425-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Thomas Cornelissen ◽

Christian Dustmann ◽

Uta Schönberg

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Real World ◽

Peer Effects ◽

Laboratory Experiments ◽

Peer Groups ◽

Knowledge Spillover ◽

Social Pressure ◽

Local Labor Market ◽

Estimation Strategy

Existing evidence on peer effects in the productivity of coworkers stems from either laboratory experiments or real-world studies referring to a specific firm or occupation. In this paper, we aim at providing more generalizable results by investigating a large local labor market, with a focus on peer effects in wages rather than productivity. Our estimation strategy—which links the average permanent productivity of workers' peers to their wages—circumvents the reflection problem and accounts for endogenous sorting of workers into peer groups and firms. On average over all occupations, and in the type of high-skilled occupations investigated in studies on knowledge spillover, we find only small peer effects in wages. In the type of low-skilled occupations analyzed in extant studies on social pressure, in contrast, we find larger peer effects, about one-half the size of those identified in similar studies on productivity. (JEL J24, J31, J41, M12, M54)

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Local Labor-Market Opportunity and Adolescent Delinquency

Social Forces ◽

10.2307/3006183 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. 1509 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Paul E. Bellair ◽

Vincent J. Roscigno

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Market Opportunity ◽

Adolescent Delinquency ◽

Local Labor Market ◽

Labor Market Opportunity

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The DEA Method and its Application Possibilities for Measuring Efficiency in the Public Sector—The Case of Local Public Employment Services

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies9020080 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 80

Author(s):

Ewa Cichowicz ◽

Ewa Rollnik-Sadowska ◽

Monika Dędys ◽

Maria Ekes

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Public Sector ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

Public Employment ◽

Employment Services ◽

The Public ◽

Measuring Efficiency ◽

Dea Method ◽

The Unemployed

Public Employment Services (PES) are identified as important institutions in the process of improving the match between supply and demand in the labor market, which, despite their importance, still do not achieve the desired efficiency. The indicated problem is partly due to the lack of appropriate evaluation methods for the applied labor market policy instruments. This paper aims to verify the possibility of using the two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method in measuring the efficiency of public sector entities. The authors focused on 39 PES operating in Mazovia province, Poland in 2019. In the first stage, the model of technical efficiency of local PES included six variables (four inputs and two outputs). Only seven PES obtained full efficiency. The inefficiency of analyzed PES varied from about 1% to 80%. In the second stage, the attention focuses on the relationship between true unknown efficiency and its determinants (five environmental variables, both demand and supply oriented). Then, the regression coefficients and confidence intervals showed that three out of five variables influence the efficiency results, the share of the long-term unemployed, the share of the unemployed under 30, and the share of the unemployed over 50 in the total number of unemployed.

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