Aggregate Index for Measuring the Economic and Technological Performance of Nations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Coccia
Keyword(s):  
Technological Performance ◽  
Aggregate Index

scholarly journals Preliminary Techno-Economic Assessment of Animal Cell-Based Meat

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Derrick Risner ◽  
Fangzhou Li ◽  
Jason S. Fell ◽  
Sara A. Pace ◽  
Justin B. Siegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody Production ◽  
Technological Performance ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Cost Factors

Interest in animal cell-based meat (ACBM) or laboratory-grown meat has been increasing; however, the economic viability of these potential products has not been thoroughly vetted. Recent studies suggest monoclonal antibody production technology can be adapted for the industrialization of ACBM production. This study provides a scenario-based assessment of the projected cost per kilogram of ACBM produced in the United States based on cellular metabolic requirements and process/chemical engineering conventions. A sensitivity analysis of the model identified the nine most influential cost factors for ACBM production out of 67 initial parameters. The results indicate that technological performance will need to approach technical limits for ACBM to achieve profitably as a commodity. However, the model also suggests that low-volume high-value specialty products could be viable based on current technology.

Biochemical properties of enterococci relevant to their technological performance

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 621-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Sarantinopoulos ◽  
Christian Andrighetto ◽  
Marina D. Georgalaki ◽  
Mary C. Rea ◽  
Angiolella Lombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Technological Performance

Cybernetic-Existentialism in Performance Art

Leonardo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Steve Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Performance Art ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Technological Performance

A theory of Cybernetic-Existentialism is proposed to offer a new critical perspective on technological performance art. Case studies of Wafaa Bilal, Stelarc and Steve Mann are used to demonstrate how core ideas and themes from both cybernetics and existentialism are increasingly converging in contemporary arts.

Research, Innovation and Technological Performance in Germany

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Kristin Achleitner ◽  
Jutta Allmendinger ◽  
Hariolf Grupp ◽  
Dietmar Harhoff ◽  
Joachim Luther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Performance

scholarly journals Contrasting the crospovidones functionality as excipients for direct compression

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel García Ramírez ◽  
Leopoldo Villafuerte Robles
Keyword(s):  
Drug Product ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Powder Flow ◽  
Direct Compression ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Technological Performance ◽  
A Value ◽  
Tablet Disintegration ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Model Drug

Specific values of technological properties of excipients allow the establishment of numerical parameters to define and compare their functionality. This study investigates the functionality of Polyplasdones XL and XL10. Parameters studied included tablet disintegration profiles, compactibility profiles and powder flow. The results allowed the establishment of quantitative surrogate functionalities of technological performance, such as absolute number, and as a value relative to the known microcrystalline cellulose type 102. Moreover, the establishment of an explicit functionality to improve the technological performance of two diluents and a model drug was investigated, as was setting up of these functionalities, as quantitative values, to determine the input variables of each material and its probable functionality in a drug product. Disintegration times of pure Polyplasdone XL and its admixtures were around half that of Polyplasdone XL10. The improvement in tablet compactibility was 25-50% greater for Polyplasdone XL10 than Polyplasdone XL. Crospovidones proportions of up to 10% have little effect on the flow properties of other powders, although pure Polyplasdone XL10 and its admixtures display compressibility indexes about 20% greater than Polyplasdone XL. The observed results are in line with a smaller particle size of Polyplasdone XL10 compared to Polyplasdone XL.

scholarly journals A Changing Landscape of Health Opportunity in the United States: Increases in the Strength of the Association Between Childhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Adult Health Between the 1990’s and the 2010’s

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E Fuller-Rowell ◽  
Olivia I. Nichols ◽  
Markus Jokela ◽  
Eric S. Kim ◽  
Elif D. Yildirim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽  
Occupational Prestige ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Aggregate Index

The strength of the association between childhood socioeconomic disadvantage (SED) and adult health is an important indicator of health stratification and the degree to which health outcomes are determined early in life. However, changes in the strength of this association over historic time are largely unexamined in the United States. Utilizing data from two independent national samples of adults collected 17 years apart (1995 and 2012), the current study examined changes in the strength of the association between childhood SED and adult health. Childhood SED was scored as an aggregate index from measures of parent occupational prestige, childhood poverty exposure, and parent education. Five measures of adult health were considered: BMI, waist circumference, chronic conditions, functional limitations, and self-rated health. Results indicated that the association between childhood SED and all five health outcomes was significantly stronger in the 2012 sample than the 1995 sample, with the magnitude of the association being more than twice as large in the more recent sample for four out of five outcomes. Findings persisted after adjusting for age, sex, race, marital status, and number of children. Results suggest that the socioeconomic circumstances of childhood have become a stronger predictor of adult health in recent decades. Replication and examination of mechanisms for these effects vis-à-vis changing pathways from childhood SED to adult health through adult status attainments, work environment characteristics, or unfair treatment, is warranted.

scholarly journals Estimation of Groundwater Quality in and Around Dumpsites of Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 229-233
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Aggregate Index ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Land Filling

Land filling of urban solid desecrate is a universal dissipate care and one of the economical technique for organizing waste in several parts of the globe. Landfill poses serious threats to the worth of the surroundings if imperfectly safe and indecently managed. The stages of different physicochemical parameters are investigated including Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), alkalinity, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), and hardness. The mixture of physical, chemical and microbial practice in the waste shifts the contaminant from the misuse matter to the percolating water. The study asses ground water quality of samples near the dumping area and characterized. The effects are evaluated with the world health organization (WHO) and Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) index. Also attempt will be made by the aggregate index method to assess the excellence of ground water in Chidambaram and Cuddalore SIPCOT dumpsites.

scholarly journals Central Bank Independence, Transparency and Accountability Indexes: a Survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Cornel Dumiter
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Central Banking ◽  
Central Bank Independence ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Aggregate Index ◽  
Central Bank Transparency ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

Abstract Recently, the remarkable trend upon central bank independence and the efficient monetary policy were seriously highlighted in the monetary economics field. Starting from 1990s’ central bank independence was at the core of policy making and central banking problems, because of the widespread economical, political, personal and budgetary autonomy of the central bank. Nowadays, we can observe an increasing trend upon central bank transparency, for evaluating more accurate the central bank’s performances by the wide public, mass-media and financial markets. Consequently, a central bank must encompass a high degree of accountability and responsibility, because of the final liability in case of failure. In this paper we present, analyze and assess the construction of the most important indices regarding central bank independence, transparency and accountability in a chronological manner, presenting also the advantages and disadvantages of these indices related to actual practices of central banks. Moreover, we analyze the analytical results of the empirical testing of these indices with a considerable impact upon the developed and developing country group. In regard with the empirical results of different authors, we suggest the importance and the necessity for constructing an aggregate index for measuring central bank independence, transparency and accountability, based on de jure stipulations and the actual practices of the central banks.

The effect of corporate social responsibility on firm risk

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Nguyen ◽  
Anna Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Employee Relations ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Firm Risk ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aggregate Index ◽  
Corporate Social

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the link between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and risk for a sample of US firms rated by KLD. Design/methodology/approach – The authors’ approach involves three distinctive features. First, the authors use individual indicators of CSR to highlight which CSR dimension matters most for a firm’s risk. Second, the authors distinguish CSR strengths and concerns to reveal potentially nonlinear relationships. Third, the authors use a measure of risk that takes into account the predictable changes in a firm’s performance and that does not collapse the panel data into a single cross-section. This allows the CSR–risk relationship to be estimated by the variation within each firm and the variation across firms. Findings – Consistent with existing results, the authors find that CSR concerns relating to diversity, employee relations and corporate governance increase the risk to shareholders. More interestingly, the authors show that CSR strengths relating to diversity and employee relations are also associated with higher risk. The positive influence of both CSR strengths and concerns on a firm’s risk is confirmed using aggregate CSR indicators. Research limitations/implications – The results confirm that CSR strengths and concerns represent distinct constructs that should not be aggregated into a single measure. The effect of poor CSR on firm risk is more significant than what would appear to be the case using an aggregate index. Practical implications – Although lack of CSR engagement may not affect (and may even benefit) a firm’s current performance, it may seriously damage its performance in the future. Firms should be aware of this risk. Originality/value – The positive relationship found between CSR and firm risk underscores the inherent conflict between the interests of employees and those of shareholders. By committing to a more favorable treatment of their employees, firms incur a fixed cost that inevitably transfers more risk to their shareholders.

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