Association of Time-Dependent Diastolic Blood Pressure Trajectory and Risk for the Ischemic Type of Cardiovascular Disease in Hypertensive Patients

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in India and worldwide. Hypertension is a major public health problem because of its high frequency and concomitant risk of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke. World Health Organization named it a Silent killer as hypertension is asymptomatic during its clinical course. Experimental evidence supports a role for oxidative stress in vascular injury and hypertension. This study was undertaken, to compare the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and super-oxide dismutase (SOD) among normotensive, prehypertensive and hypertensive subjects. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 34 normotensives, 44 prehypertensive and 45 hypertensive subjects were included. The participants were subjected to selection protocol consisting of physical examination and biochemical analysis. All subjects underwent blood pressure measurement, total cholesterol, and oxidative stress marker estimation, especially SOD and MDA. The comparison of parameters between the group was carried out using One Way ANOVA. The correlation between the parameter was analyzed by Karl Pearson Correlation Coefficient using SPSS 20.0. Result : The MDA (nmol/ml) in normotensive, prehypertensive and hypertensive patients was 2.55±0.072, 3.43±0.44 and 4.01±0.37 respectively. SOD (U/ml) level in normotensive, prehypertensive and hypertensive patients was 13.47±1.96, 11.57±0.81, and 8.52±1.78 respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure had a negative correlation with SOD. MDA levels show a positive correlation with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Total cholesterol had no significant with SOD and MDA. Conclusion: The present study showed a strong association of oxidative stress with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

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EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN HYDROTHERAPI RENDAM KAKI PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI BANJAR SRI MANDALA, KELURAHAN DAUHWARU KABUPATEN JEMBRANA

JURNAL WIDYA BIOLOGI ◽

10.32795/widyabiologi.v10i01.235 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 33-44

Author(s):

N.L.G. Sudaryati ◽

I P. Sudiartawan ◽

Dwi Mertha Adnyana

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Pressure Measurement ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Reduce Blood Pressure ◽

Second Grade ◽

Control Group ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

First Category

The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of giving hydrotherapi foot soak in hypertensive patients. The study was conducted with one group pretestposttest design without a control group by measuring blood pressure (pretest) before being given an intervention in the form of foot soak hydrotherm against 15 people with hypertension in Banjar Sri Mandala, Dauhwaru Village, Jembrana Subregency. Then do the blood pressure measurement again (posttest) after finishing the intervention. After the study was completed, the results showed that before the hydrotherapi foot bath intervention, there were 0% of patients classified as normal, 13.32% in prehypertension category, 60.08% in hypertension category I and 26.60% in hypertension category II. After the intervention was given, there were 13.32% of the patients classified as normal, 66.68% in the prehypertension category, 20.00% in the first category of hypertension and no patients belonging to the second grade hypertension category. There is a decrease of 20-30 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and 0-10 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure after intervention. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the hydrotherapi foot bath is effectively used to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the Banjar Sri Mandala, Dauhwaru Village, Jembrana District.

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ASSESSING THE OUTCOMES OF TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT, 400 HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN BONG SON GENERAL HOSPITAL, BINH DINH PROVINCE

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2016.1.4 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 31-40

Author(s):

Long Nhon Phan ◽

Van Minh Huynh ◽

Thi Kim Nhung Hoang ◽

Van Nham Truong

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Risk Stratification ◽

Hypertensive Patient ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Target ◽

Average Risk ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Average Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Complications Of Stroke

Objective: To evaluate the results of treatment achieved blood pressure goal (BP goal) and results of hypertensive patient management. Subjects and methods: A study of 400 hypertensive patient intervention, treatment and management after 2 year. To assess the results of BP target, monitor the use of medicines, the situation of hospitalization and complications of stroke. Results: Treatment: -100% of patients using diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), 33% of patients using angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), 46.25% of patients using calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and 19.5% of patients using beta-blocker. After 24 months of treatment: 50.5% of patients using 1 antihypertensive drug, 22% of patients using 2 drugs, 20.5% of patients using 3 drugs and 7% of patients taking more than 3 drugs. After 24 months of treatment: 91.75% achieved BP target and 8.25% fail. -Average risk stratification: 97.32% achieved BP target, hight risk stratification: 95.91% and very hight risk stratification: 73.03%. After 24 months of treatment. -Stage 1: 88.48% achieved BP target, stage 2: 92.85% achieved BP target and stage 3: 71.08% achieved BP target. After 24 months of treatment. -Hypertesive results before treatment were: 159.80 ± 20,22mmHg average systolic blood pressure and 82.97 ± 5,82mmHg average diastolic blood pressure. After treatment: average systolic blood pressure 125.38 ± 6,88mmHg and average diastolic blood pressure 79.83 ± 1,79mmHg. No adverse change in the index of tests about lipidemia, liver, kidney, glucomia and no recorded cases of drug side effects. Management of patients: -There were 89% non-medical examinational patients 1 month, 5.25% non-medical examinational patients 2 months, 4.25% non-medical examinational patients 3 months and 1.5% non-medical examinational patients 4 months. There were 93.5% drop pill 1 month, 3.25% drop pill 2 months, 4.25% drop pill 3 months and no patient drop pill over 3 months. In 24 months follow-up, 47% hospitalized inpatients <5 times, 44.5% hospitalized inpatients 5-10 times, 3% hospitalized inpatients 11-15 times, 4.75% hospitalized inpatients from 16-20 times and 0.75% hospitalized inpatients > 20 times. -There were 32.75% hospitalized inpatients for reasons of hypertension and 63.75% hospitalized inpatients for other common diseases. -There were a total of 11592 contacts directly by phone for medical advice, medical reminders and examinational reminders during 24 months of management. -There were 0.5% of patients stroked during 24 months of treatment and management. Conclusion: Treatment by protocol and management by phone directly for medical taking and re-examinational reminders is the best resulted method of achieving blood pressure target and reducing complications of stroke for hypertensive patients. Key word: : blood pressure target; risk stratification; treatment; management; stage; phone.

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Ten-year Cardiovascular Disease Risk Amongst Workers in a Tertiary Healthcare Institution in Kuala Lumpur

Borneo Epidemiology Journal ◽

10.51200/bej.v1i1.2435 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 35-45

Author(s):

Norfazilah Ahmad ◽

Santhna Letchmi Panduragan ◽

Chong Hong Soon ◽

Kalaiarasan Gemini ◽

Yee San Khor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

High Risk ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Risk Group ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Tertiary Healthcare

Strategising, which is an effective workplace intervention to curb cardiovascular disease (CVD), requires understanding of the CVD risk related to a specific working population. The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) is widely used in predicting the ten-year CVD risk of various working populations. This study aimed to use FRS to determine the ten-year CVD risk amongst workers in a tertiary healthcare setting and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on workers who participated in the special health check programme at the staff clinic of a tertiary healthcare institution in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A set of data sheets was used to retrieve the workers’ sociodemographic and CVD risk information. The prevalence of high, moderate and low ten-year CVD risk was 12.8%, 20.0% and 67.2%, respectively. Workers in the high-risk group were older [mean age: 54.81 (standard deviation, 5.72) years], male (44%), smokers (72.7%) and having hyperglycaemia (46.7%) and hypertriglyceridemia [median triglycerides: 1.75 (interquartile range, 1.45) mmol/L]. Diastolic blood pressure (aOR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01,1.14), hyperglycaemia (aOR 8.80, 95% CI: 1.92,40.36) and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR 4.45, 95% CI: 1.78,11.09) were significantly associated with high ten-year CVD risk. Diastolic blood pressure (aOR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03,1.13) and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR 2.51, 95% CI: 1.12-5.61) were significantly associated with moderate ten-year CVD risk. The prevalence of high and moderate ten-year CVD risk was relatively high. Amongst the workers in the high-risk group, they were older, male, smokers and with high fasting blood sugar and triglyceride. Understanding the ten-year CVD risk and its associated factors could be used to plan periodic workplace health assessment and monitor to prevent CVD.

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The trained observer better predicts daytime ambulatory blood pressure measurement diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients than does an automated (Omron)device

Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

10.1097/mbp.0b013e32801061ce ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 57-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Willem J. Verberk ◽

Peter W. de Leeuw

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽

Pressure Measurement ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Trained Observer ◽

Hypertensive Patients

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A pilot study investigating the relationship between heart rate variability and blood pressure in young adults at risk for cardiovascular disease

Clinical Hypertension ◽

10.1186/s40885-021-00185-z ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Linda P. Bolin ◽

Amelia D. Saul ◽

Lauren L. Bethune Scroggs ◽

Carolyn Horne

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Family History ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Biofeedback Training ◽

Paced Breathing ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death globally with hypertension being a primary cause of premature death from this disease process. Individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease and hypertension are at a greater risk for developing the same sequela. Autonomic cardiac control is important in the level of cardiac function. One intervention that is effective in improving cardiovascular function is heart rate variability biofeedback training. The purpose of our study was to determine the effectiveness of heart rate biofeedback training on HRV and blood pressure in individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease. Methods Thirty-four participants (76.5% female, 22.7 ± 4.3 years) completed a baseline assessment and training using an established short-term HRV protocol followed by two weeks of at-home paced breathing employing a smartphone application. The participants were then reassessed in a biofeedback clinic. Results The participants physiological measures showed a significant increase in means between pre and post intervention of SDNN (t (32) = 2.177, p =.037) and TP, (t (32) = 2.327 p = .026). Correlation noted a medium effect on diastolic blood pressure and high frequency heart rate variability, F, r = .41, n =33, p < .05. A multiple regression with all predictor variables in the model found no significance with diastolic and systolic blood pressure. Conclusions The findings from this pilot study demonstrated that a two-week paced breathing intervention may assist in reducing heart rate and diastolic blood pressure while improving heart rate variability.

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Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring changes in hypertensive patients

Клінічна та профілактична медицина ◽

10.31612/2616-4868.2(8).2019.06 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (8) ◽

pp. 53-57

Author(s):

V.S. Pasko

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

Pressure Monitoring ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Hypertensive Patients

The aim of the study was to determine the peculiarities of ABPM indices in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients depending on the daily BP profile. Material and methods. Indices of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were identified in 57 middle-aged patients (45-59 years) (group I) and 43 elderly patients (60-74 years) (group II), who underwent two-week in-patient treatment. The control group consisted of 15 patients for every of the surveyed categories (group III - middle-aged and group IV – elderly respectively) matched with basic by age and gender. Results. We have shown that one of the factors that determines the change in hemodynamics in patients with essential hypertension is age, with the age patients experience the decrease in diastolic blood pressure with steadily increased systolic blood pressure, that should be considered in the prescription of antihypertensive treatment. With age, a gradual increase in systolic blood pressure is associated with the increased aortic stiffness, partially with the increase in collagen and the decrease in elastic fibrils and the formation of isolated systolic hypertension. Thus, it is proved that in the formation of isolated hypertension the growth of pulse blood pressure for more than 60 mm Hg is unfavorable in a development of cerebrovascular events. Pulse arterial blood pressure was stronger risk factor than systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure or average arterial pressure in the elderly. Recently, taking into account age characteristics, all three indices were recognized as comparable predictors at the age of 50-59 years as the transitional period, and at the age of 60-79 years diastolic blood pressure adversely affecting the cardiovascular risk, increased pulse blood pressure prognostically above the level of systolic arterial pressure.

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Effects of Olive Oil on Blood Pressure: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic Evidence

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12061548 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1548 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marika Massaro ◽

Egeria Scoditti ◽

Maria Annunziata Carluccio ◽

Nadia Calabriso ◽

Giuseppe Santarpino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Antihypertensive Medications ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

High Oleic ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

The Impact

The increasing access to antihypertensive medications has improved longevity and quality of life in hypertensive patients. Nevertheless, hypertension still remains a major risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction, suggesting the need to implement management of pre- and hypertensive patients. In addition to antihypertensive medications, lifestyle changes, including healthier dietary patterns, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the Mediterranean diet, have been shown to favorably affect blood pressure and are now recommended as integrative tools in hypertension management. An analysis of the effects of nutritional components of the Mediterranean diet(s) on blood pressure has therefore become mandatory. After a literature review of the impact of Mediterranean diet(s) on cardiovascular risk factors, we here analyze the effects of olive oil and its major components on blood pressure in healthy and cardiovascular disease individuals and examine underlying mechanisms of action. Both experimental and human studies agree in showing anti-hypertensive effects of olive oil. We conclude that due to its high oleic acid and antioxidant polyphenol content, the consumption of olive oil may be advised as the optimal fat choice in the management protocols for hypertension in both healthy and cardiovascular disease patients.

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