SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Infection Fatality Rate (IFR) Implied by the Serology, Antibody, Testing in New York City

Objective: Estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among New York City Health + Hospitals healthcare workers, and identify demographic and occupational factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study using data from SARS-CoV-2 serological tests accompanied by a demographic and occupational survey administered to healthcare workers. Participants were employed by New York City Health + Hospitals (NYC H+H) and either completed serologic testing at NYC H+H between April 30 and June 30, 2020, or completed SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing outside of NYC H+H and were able to self-report results. Results: Seven hundred twenty-seven survey respondents were included in analysis. Participants had a mean age of 46 years (SD= 12.19) and 543 (75%) were women. Two hundred fourteen (29%) participants tested positive or reported testing positive for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgG+). Characteristics associated with positive SARS-CoV-2 serostatus were Black race (25% IgG+ vs. 15% IgG-, p=0.001), having someone in the household with COVID symptoms (49% IgG+ vs. 21% IgG-, p<0.001), or having a confirmed COVID-19 case in the household (25% IgG+ vs 5% IgG-, p<0.001). Characteristics associated with negative SARS-CoV-2 serostatus included working on a COVID patient floor (27% IgG+ vs. 36% IgG-, p=0.02), working in the ICU (20% IgG+ vs. 28% IgG-, p=0.03), or having close contact with a patient with COVID-19 (51% IgG+ vs. 62% IgG-, p=0.03). Conclusions: Results underscore the significance of community factors and inequities might have on SARS-CoV-2 exposure for healthcare workers.

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Hepatitis C Antibody Testing in African American and Hispanic Men in New York City with Prostate Biopsy

The American Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.14309/00000434-201210001-01437 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 107 ◽

pp. S572

Author(s):

Annika Krystyna ◽

Robert Tenney ◽

William Matthew Briggs ◽

Murray David Schwalb

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

African American ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Prostate Biopsy ◽

York City ◽

Antibody Testing ◽

Hispanic Men

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Hepatitis C antibody testing in African American and Hispanic men in New York City with prostate biopsy

Oncology Discovery ◽

10.7243/2052-6199-1-1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Annika Krystyna ◽

Divya Kumari ◽

Robert Tenney ◽

Radomir Kosanovic ◽

Tarang Safi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

African American ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Prostate Biopsy ◽

York City ◽

Antibody Testing ◽

Hispanic Men

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Antibody Testing Documents the Silent Spread of SARS-CoV-2in New York Prior to the First Reported Case

10.21203/rs.3.rs-39880/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kathrine Meyers ◽

Lihong Liu ◽

Wen-Hsuan Lin ◽

Yang Luo ◽

Michael Yin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

The United States ◽

Antibody Testing ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

First Case ◽

Time Period ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Abstract We developed and validated serologic assays to determine SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in select patient populations in greater New York City area early during the epidemic. We tested “discarded” serum samples from February 24 to March 29 for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer and nucleocapsid protein. Using known durations for antibody development, incubation period, serial interval, and reproductive ratio for this pandemic, we determined that introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into New York likely occurred between January 23 and February 4, 2020. SARS-CoV-2 spread silently for 4–5 weeks before the first community acquired infection was reported. A novel coronavirus emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China1,2 and devasted Hubei Province in early 2020 before spreading to every province within China and nearly every country in the world3. This pathogen, now termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a global pandemic, with ~ 10 million cases and over 500,000 deaths reported through June 30, 20203. The first case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the United States was identified on January 19, 2020 in a man who returned to the State of Washington from Wuhan4. In the ensuing months, the U.S. has become a hotspot of the pandemic, presently accounting for almost one third of the total caseload and over one fourth of the deaths3. The first confirmed case in New York was reported on March 1 in a traveler recently returned from Iran. The first community-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed on March 3 in a 50-year-old male who lived in New Rochelle and worked in New York City (https://www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/covid/covid-19-data-archive.page.) In the ensuing 18 weeks, New York City has suffered a peak daily infection number of ~ 4,500 (Fig. 1a) and a cumulative caseload of ~ 400,000 to date. The time period when SARS-CoV-2 gained entry into this epicenter of the pandemic remains unclear.

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Age-Stratified SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rates in New York City estimated from serological data

10.1101/2020.10.16.20214023 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chloe G. Rickards ◽

A. Marm Kilpatrick

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Fatality Rate ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Department Of Health ◽

Seroprevalence Data ◽

Serological Data

AbstractImportanceCOVID-19 has killed hundreds of thousands of people in the US and >1 million globally. Estimating the age-specific infection fatality rate (IFR) of SARS-CoV-2 for different populations is crucial for assessing the fatality of COVID-19 and for appropriately allocating limited vaccine supplies to minimize mortality.ObjectiveTo estimate IFRs for COVID-19 in New York City and compare them to IFRs from other countries.Design, Setting, ParticipantsWe used data from a published serosurvey of 5946 individuals 18 years or older conducted April 19-28, 2020 with time series of COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths for five age-classes from the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. We inferred age-specific IFRs using a Bayesian framework that accounted for the distribution of delay between infection and seroconversion and infection and death.Main Outcome and MeasureInfection fatality rate.ResultsWe found that IFRs increased approximately 77-fold with age, with a nearly linear increase on a log scale, from 0.07% (0.055%-0.086%) in 18-44 year olds to 5.4% (4.3%-6.3%) in individuals 75 and older. New York City IFRs were higher for 18-44 year olds and 45-64 year olds (0.58%; 0.45%-0.75%) than Spanish, English, and Swiss populations, but IFRs for 75+ year olds were lower than for English populations and similar to Spanish and Swiss populations.Conclusions and RelevanceThese results suggest that the age-specific fatality of COVID-19 differs among developed countries and raises questions about factors underlying these differences.Key PointsQuestionHow do age-specific infection fatality rates (IFR) for COVID-19 in the U.S. compare to other populations?FindingsWe estimated age-specific IFRs of SARS-CoV-2 using seroprevalence data and deaths in New York City. IFRs increased more than 75-fold with age, from 0.07% in 18-45 year olds to 5.3% in individuals over 75. IFRs in New York City were higher than IFRs in England, Geneva, France and Spain for individuals younger than 64 years old, but similar for older individuals.MeaningThe age-specific fatality of COVID-19 varies significantly among developed nations for unknown reasons.

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Anesthesiologists’ and Intensive Care Providers’ Exposure to COVID-19 Infection in a New York City Academic Center: A Prospective Cohort Study Assessing Symptoms and COVID-19 Antibody Testing

Anesthesia & Analgesia ◽

10.1213/ane.0000000000005056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 131 (3) ◽

pp. 669-676 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Miguel Morcuende ◽

Jean Guglielminotti ◽

Ruth Landau

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

York City ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Care Providers ◽

Antibody Testing ◽

Academic Center

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Socioeconomic Disparities in SARS-CoV-2 Serological Testing and Positivity in New York City

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofab534 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wil Lieberman-Cribbin ◽

Marta Galanti ◽

Jeffrey Shaman

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Census Data ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Credible Interval ◽

Data Repository ◽

Antibody Testing ◽

Socioeconomic Vulnerability

Abstract Background We characterized SARS-CoV-2 antibody test prevalence and positive test prevalence across New York City (NYC) in order to investigate disparities in testing outcomes by race and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods Serologic data were downloaded from the NYC Coronavirus data repository (August 2020–December 2020). Area-level characteristics for NYC neighborhoods were downloaded from U.S. census data and a socioeconomic vulnerability index was created. Spatial generalized linear mixed models were performed to examine the association between SES and antibody testing and positivity. Results The proportion of Hispanic population (Posterior Median: 0.001, 95% Credible Interval: 0.0003-0.002), healthcare workers (0.003, 0.0001-0.006), essential workers (0.003, 0.001-0.005), age ≥ 65 years (0.003, 0.00002-0.006), and high SES (SES quartile 3 vs 1: 0.034, 0.003-0.062) were positively associated with antibody tests per 100,000 residents. The White proportion (-0.002, -0.003- -0.001), SES index (quartile 3 vs 1: -0.068, -0.115- -0.017; quartile 4 vs 1: -0.077- -0.134, -0.018) and age ≥ 65 years (-0.005, -0.009- -0.002) were inversely associated with positivity, whereas the Hispanic (0.004, 0.002-0.006), and essential worker proportions (0.008, 0.003-0.012) had positive coefficients. Conclusions Disparities in serologic testing and seropositivity exist on socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity across NYC, indicative of excess COVID-19 burden in vulnerable and marginalized populations.

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