scholarly journals Rapid Growth Phase of Ovum in the Guinea Fowl.

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-304
Author(s):  
Hiroshi OGAWA ◽  
Takehito KUWAYAMA ◽  
Katuhide TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Guinea Fowl

scholarly journals Coated Vesicle-Mediated Transport and Deposition of Vitellogenic Ferritin in the Rapid Growth Phase of Snail Oocytes

1982 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. BOTTKE ◽  
I. SINHA ◽  
I. KEIL
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Lymnaea Stagnalis ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Coated Vesicle ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Coated Pits ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
Basement Lamina

The main yolk component in oocytes of the pulmonate freshwater snails Planorbarius corneus L. and Lymnaea stagnalis L. consists of the iron storage protein ferritin and iron-free apoferritin. Both compounds are deposited in the yolk in the form of large paracrystalloids, tubular structures and randomly dispersed particles. In addition, the plasm contains lysosome-like inclusions with depositions of haemosiderin. Haemosiderin is interpreted as the product of proteolytic degradation of ferritin. During the rapid growth phase of the oocytes vitellogenic ferritin is transported across the basement lamina and taken up by adsorptive endocytosis via coated pits and vesicles. Formation of yolk bodies occurs by fusion of ferritin-containing vacuoles and empty vesicles that are probably derived from the Golgi apparatus. Uptake of ferritin is restricted to the basal region of the oocyte. No involvement of the follicle cells in synthesis and deposition of ferritin could be detected. Secretory cells of the midgut gland are the most likely site of synthesis of vitellogenic ferritin. Under conditions of iron overload large masses of ferritin are encountered in the basement lamina of the oocytes. However, no significant increase in the uptake of ferritin could be observed. With the use of a tannic acid-glutaraldehyde fixation procedure a hitherto unobserved filamentous or rod-like material was detected inside the lamina and in coated pits. This material is probably also taken up by the oocytes and integrated into yolk platelets. Though ferritin is a rather unusual vitellogenic protein, the mode of its uptake and deposition in the oocyte plasm is highly reminiscent of that of typical hormone-induced vitellogenins in other animal groups.

Effects of temperature, drought, and gibberellin A4/7, and timing of treatment, on flowering in potted Piceaengelmannii and Piceaglauca grafts

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Treatment Regimes ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Timing Of Treatment ◽  
Spray Applications

Four experiments conducted over 2 years on potted 4- to 7-year-old Piceaengelmannii and 3-year-old Piceaglauca grafts compared the effectiveness of different temperature, drought, and gibberellin A4/7 treatment regimes for promotion of flowering. With the exception of one study in which trees were not properly preconditioned, heat treatment within a polyethylene–covered house (polyhouse) promoted profuse female and male flowering in previously root-pruned P. engelmannii grafts. The optimal daytime temperature of 22–25 °C in the polyhouse was well below the 30 °C temperature for Piceaabies suggested in the literature. Timing of heat treatment was critical. Few trees produced seed or pollen cones if moved indoors before the new shoots were at least 80% elongated, with 85–95% elongation being optimal. Drought also promoted flowering but only if applied outdoors while shoots were actively elongating. Response to these cultural practices was further enhanced by spray applications of gibberellin A4/7 during the rapid growth phase. Younger P. glauca grafts that were not root-pruned or sprayed with gibberellin A4/7 failed to respond to early drought and late heat treatments, but did so the following year when these adjunct treatments were given. Response of P. engelmannii grafts to retreatment indicates that alternate-year induction, with a year's rest for cone maturation and vegetative replenishment of shoots turned reproductive, is practical and will result in sustained abundant cone production in potted trees.

Analyzing the functional association among seed traits, berry growth and chemical composition in Cabernet-Sauvignon berry (Vitis vinifera L.) using a mathematical growth function

OENO One ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Zhan Wu Dai ◽  
Michel Génard ◽  
Shao-hua Li ◽  
Philippe Vivin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Berry Size

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: This study aimed at assessing the functional linkage among seed traits (including seed number, seed weight), berry growth and berry sugar and acid concentration by adapting a mathematical growth function with parameters having biological importance.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The evolution of berry diameter of Cabernet- Sauvignon was satisfactorily fitted to a bi-phasic growth function with six parameters. Correlations between the parameters and berry characteristics, including time of skin color change, seed number, seed weight, final berry size and chemical composition, were analyzed. Results showed that berry growth within a bunch deviated according to seed number, which positively related to parameters describing diameter increment (D1) and initial growth rate (GRini) during the first rapid growth phase, but not related to any parameters involved in the second growth phase. The time of skin color change was negatively associated with mean seed weight, and coincided with growth parameter DABmax that denotes the time when growth rate is maximum during the second rapid growth phase. Sugar concentration was negatively correlated to final berry fresh weight (BFW), seed fresh weight (SFW), GRini and diameter increment during the second rapid growth phase (D2). Path analysis further revealed that the negative effects of SFW and D2 were indirectly mediated via BFW and GRini.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: We thus conclude that seed affects berry growth and exerts its influence only during the first growth phase via modifying the parameters D1 and GRini. The time of colour change is also affected by seed, and might not be a good indicator of growth restoration after the lag phase. Sugar concentration is linked to final berry size, specific berry growth parameters and seed weight, for the last mainly in an indirect manner.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance of the study</strong>: This study, integrating the analysis of berry growth and composition with a mathematical growth function, provides a valuable approach for deeper understanding of the functional associations among seed traits, berry growth and berry sugar and acid concentration at the berry level.</p>

scholarly journals Comparison of Antropometry and Physical Abilities between Trained and Untrained Individuals in Second Growth Phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Idzam Kholid Akbar ◽  
Bambang Purwanto ◽  
Hari Setijono
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Physical Abilities

The growth and development of the body goes through two phases of rapid growth. First phase (0-5 years) and second phase (10-17 years). This study aimed to compare anthropometry and physical abilities between trained and untrained individuals in the second rapid growth phase (adolescence). This research method used analytic observational with cross sectional design. The sample study used adolescents aged 14 years old, consisted of trained adolescent groups (n=25) and untrained adolescent groups (n=32), with categorized throught the International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ). Each group measured height, weight, chest circumference, vital lung capacity (VC), oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate resting, heart rate exercise, and VO2Max. The results of the different test between trained and untrained groups with a significance level of p<0.05 showed there were significant differences in body height (p=0.000), VC (p=0.000), SpO2 (p=0,001), heart rate rest (p=0.000), and VO2Max (p=0.000). There were no significant differences in body weight (p=0.053), chest circumference (p=0.226), and heart rate exercise (p=0.242). As a conclusion, anthropometry and physical abilities of trained individuals was greater than the untrained individuals in the second rapid growth phase (adolescence).

scholarly journals Effects of Root Restriction on Ultrastructure of Phloem Tissues in Grape Berry

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1334-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZhaoSen Xie ◽  
Charles F. Forney ◽  
WenPing Xu ◽  
ShiPing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Sieve Elements ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Variation Explained ◽  
Root Restriction

In this study, the ultrastructure of phloem and its surrounding parenchyma cells in the developing grape berry produced under root restriction or without (control) was for the first time systematically investigated through transmission electron microscopy during the entire developmental process of the berry. The results showed that root restriction increased the number of plasmodesmata between sieve elements (SE) and companion cells (CC) and between the SE/CC complex and phloem parenchyma cells. Sieve elements in fruit produced under root restriction were smaller in size than those from the control treatment, but CC were bigger than in the control treatment. During the first rapid growth phase of the grape berry, there was denser cytoplasm in the CC produced under root restriction having more abundant mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, multivesicular bodies, vesicles, and plastids than in control fruit. During the second rapid growth phase of the grape berry, CC under root restriction showed more serious plasmolysis. Cytoplasmic contents such as vesicles were fused into the vacuole of which the tonoplast nearly disappeared in the phloem parenchyma cells, and cytoplasmic contents in fruit cells produced under root restriction became denser than the control treatment. These results demonstrated that grape berry adapted to the root restriction stress through ultrastructure variation of the phloem, and this variation explained the increase of photosynthate accumulation in the grape berry observed under root restriction.

Iron and Hematologic Status in Young Athletes Relative to Puberty: A Cross-Sectional Study

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreen D. Willows ◽  
Susan K. Grimston ◽  
Delia Roberts ◽  
David J. Smith ◽  
David A. Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

This study assessed serum ferritin, hemoglobin, and hematocrit among 107 physically active young people 9 to 18 years of age. Tanner stage (TS) of puberty was assessed and subjects were categorized as prepubertal (TS 1), midpubertal (TS 2, 3, and 4, excluding menarcheal females) and going through their rapid growth phase, or late pubertal (TS 5 and menarcheal females) and having completed their rapid growth phase. Midpubertal females had a lower hematocrit than late pubertal females, but there were no significant differences in serum ferritin or hemoglobin between pubertal groups. Late pubertal males had hemoglobin and hematocrit values that were higher than among prepubertal males, but serum ferritin did not differ. At late puberty the males had significantly higher serum ferritin, hemoglobin, and hematocrit compared with late pubertal females, and females in late puberty were more likely to have marginal iron stores compared with males at the same stage of pubertal development. Midpubertal and late pubertal females reported a diet low in absorbed iron, which could contribute to their poorer iron status.

PRODUCTION OF SIZE-CONTROLLED Si FINE PARTICLES USING PULSED RF DISCHARGE

1996 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SHIRATANI ◽  
H. KAWASAKI ◽  
T. FUKUZAWA ◽  
Y. WATANABE
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Rf Discharge ◽  
Rf Power ◽  
Coagulation Of Particles ◽  
Size Dispersion ◽  
Pulsed Rf ◽  
Size Controlled

We describe a new method for production of size-controlled Si fine particles that employs a pulsed RF silane discharge. Size, density, and morphology of particles prepared by this method are studied using scanning electron microscopy. Particles with a small size dispersion are produced in the size range from 10 to 120 nm and with densities above 107 cm −3. It is found that particles grow through three phases of nucleation, rapid growth, and growth saturation. Particles in two different size ranges coexist after the initiation of the rapid-growth phase above RF power of 40 W , and coagulation of particles plays a crucial role in the rapid-growth phase.

Tumor perfusion in relation to the rapid growth phase and necrosis: Studies on the walker carcinoma in the rat testicle

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea J. Paskins-Hurlburt ◽  
Norman K. Hollenberg ◽  
Herbert L. Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Tumor Perfusion ◽  
Walker Carcinoma

Formation process of the vortex ring generated by an impulsively started circular disc

2012 ◽  
Vol 713 ◽  
pp. 61-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
An-long Yang ◽  
Lai-bing Jia ◽  
Xie-zhen Yin
Keyword(s):  
Vortex Ring ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Circular Disc ◽  
Dimensionless Time ◽  
Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Stable Growth ◽  
The One

AbstractWe present an experimental study on the axisymmetric vortex ring generated by a thin circular disc. The velocity and vorticity fields are measured by digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV). The finite-time Lyapunov exponent fields and the Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs) of the vortex flow are computed in order to analyse the transport of the fluid during its formation and identify the boundary of the vortex ring. The volume, circulation and energy of the vortex ring are calculated. It is found that the formation of the vortex ring basically includes three phases: a rapid growth phase, a stable growth phase and a non-axisymmetric phase. In the rapid growth phase (dimensionless time $0\lt {T}_{n} \lt 0. 2$) during which Taylor’s inviscid estimation is valid, the circulation of the vortex ring grows and the translational velocity of the vortex ring decreases. In the stable growth phase ($0. 2\lt {T}_{n} \lt 4$), the growth rate of the circulation decreases gradually. In the non-axisymmetric phase (${T}_{n} \gt 4$), the ring loses axisymmetry due to instability. Compared with the vortex ring generated by the laminar flow from an orifice, the one generated by a circular disc always moves with the disc, and the entrained fluid decreases and the saturated circulation increases. The temporal impulse exerted by the moving disc on the fluid is estimated by DPIV measurements and is calculated using the direct momentum conservation method. The momentum of the control volume enclosing the LCS is found to occupy 64–68 % of the entire impulse exerted by the disc on the fluid.

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