Effects of Nickel Contamination on Nutrient Contents of Daffodil (Narcissus poeticus L. c.v. “Ice Folies”)

AbstractThis study characterized the effect of green manures (February orchid, hairy vetch, rattail fescue and a no-green-manure control) and the termination method (flail or disk) on nutrient contents, enzyme activities, microbial biomass, microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil and vegetative growth of walnut tree. All three selected green manures significantly enhanced the water content, organic C, total N and available P. The rattail fescue significantly decreased the mineral N. Total organic C, total N, mineral N and available P were significantly greater under flail than under disk. Hairy vetch and February orchid significantly improved levels of soil β-glucosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and acid phosphatase activity, whereas rattail fescue improved only β-glucosidase activity. All of the green manures significantly decreased phenoloxidase activity. β-glucosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and acid phosphatase activities were significantly greater under flail relative to disk. The termination method had no significant effect on phenoloxidase activity. The different types of green manures and termination methods significantly altered the soil microbial biomass and microbial community structure. The green-manure treatments were characterized by a significantly greater abundance of Gram-positive (Gram +) bacteria, total bacteria and saprophytic fungi compared to the control. Hairy vetch significantly decreased the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) while February orchid and rattail fescue increased their abundance compared to the no-green-manure treatment. The abundance rates of Gram+ bacteria, actinomycetes, saprophytic fungi and AMF were significantly greater in soils under flail than under disk. In terms of vegetative growth of walnut tree, hairy vetch showed the greatest positive effects. The growth of walnut tree was significantly greater under flail relative to disk. Our results indicate that green-manure application benefits the rhizosphere soil micro-ecology, rhizosphere soil nutrient contents and tree growth. Overall, the hairy vetch and flail combined treatment is recommended for walnut orchards in northern China.

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Silicon dioxide nanofertilizers improve photosynthetic capacity of two Criollo cocoa clones (Theobroma cacao L.)

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479721000065 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Pedro Gómez-Vera ◽

Héctor Blanco-Flores ◽

Ana Marta Francisco ◽

Jimmy Castillo ◽

Wilmer Tezara

Keyword(s):

Silicon Dioxide ◽

Physiological Response ◽

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment ◽

Photochemical Activity ◽

Total Soluble Protein ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Positive Effect

Summary Studies on the effect of nanofertilizers (NF) in physiological performance of plants is scarce, especially that related to substances encapsulated into silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles in cocoa plants. The effect of foliar application of SiO2-NF on nutrient contents, gas exchange, photochemical activity, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble protein (TSP), photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE), and growth in seedlings of two cocoa clones (OC-61 and BR-05) in a greenhouse was assessed. Spraying with SiO2-NF increased net photosynthetic rate (A) by 16 and 60% and electron transport rate (J) by 52 and 162% in clones OC-61 and BR-05, respectively, without changes in photosynthetic pigment concentration in either clone. The SiO2-NF caused a decrease of 37 and 22% in stomatal conductance in OC-61 and BR-05, respectively; a similar trend was observed in transpiration rate, causing an increase of 42 and 100% in water use efficiency in OC-61 and BR-05, respectively. In both clones, diameter of graft increased on average 28% with SiO2-NF. Higher photosynthetic capacity was related to an increase in leaf N, P, and TSP. A significant reduction in PNUE (A/N ratio) was found in OC-61, whereas in BR-05 PNUE increased after spraying with SiO2-NF. Overall, spraying with SiO2-NF had a positive effect on photosynthetic processes in both cocoa clones, associated with an increase in nutrients content, which translated into improved growth. A differential physiological response to spraying with SiO2-NF between clones was also found, with BR-05 being the clone with a better physiological response during the establishment and development stages.

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The Level of Processing, Nutritional Composition and Prices of Canadian Packaged Foods and Beverages with and without Gluten-Free Claims

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13041183 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1183

Author(s):

Laura Vergeer ◽

Beatriz Franco-Arellano ◽

Gabriel B. Tjong ◽

Jodi T. Bernstein ◽

Mary R. L’Abbé

Keyword(s):

Linear Models ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Food Label ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

University Of Toronto ◽

Information Program ◽

Label Information

Little is known about the healthfulness and cost of gluten-free (GF) foods, relative to non-GF alternatives, in Canada. This study compared the extent of processing, nutritional composition and prices of Canadian products with and without GF claims. Data were sourced from the University of Toronto Food Label Information Program (FLIP) 2013 (n = 15,285) and 2017 (n = 17,337) databases. Logistic regression models examined the association of NOVA processing category with GF claims. Calorie/nutrient contents per 100 g (or mL) were compared between GF and non-GF products. Generalized linear models compared adjusted mean prices per 100 g (or mL) of products with and without GF claims. The prevalence of GF claims increased from 7.1% in 2013 to 15.0% in 2017. GF claims appeared on 17.0% of ultra-processed foods, which were more likely to bear GF claims products than less-processed categories. Median calories and sodium were significantly higher in GF products; no significant differences were observed for saturated fat or sugars. Compared to non-GF products, adjusted mean prices of GF products were higher for 10 food categories, lower for six categories and not significantly different for six categories. Overall, GF claims are becoming increasingly prevalent in Canada; however, they are often less healthful and more expensive than non-GF alternatives, disadvantaging consumers following GF diets.

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Dietary Intake Assessment of Pre-Packed Graviera Cheese in Greece and Nutritional Characterization Using the Nutri-Score Front of Pack Label Scheme

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 295

Author(s):

Evangelia Katsouri ◽

Emmanuella Magriplis ◽

Antonis Zampelas ◽

Eleftherios H. Drosinos ◽

George-John Nychas

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Intake Assessment ◽

Dark Orange ◽

Nutrients Intake ◽

Total Fat ◽

Dark Green ◽

Dietary Intake Assessment

Gravieras are ‘gruyere’ type hard cheeses with a variety of different products and the second highest consumption in Greece. In this study, we present a dietary intake assessment and a nutritional characterization of pre-packed graviera products sold in the Greek market using Nutri-Score Front of Pack Label (FoPL). The nutrient contents of 92 pre-packed graviera products were combined with daily individual consumption data extracted from the Hellenic National Nutrition Health Survey (n = 93), attempting to evaluate the contribution of graviera’s consumption to the Greek diet. The analysis of nutrients’ intake as a Reference Intake (RI) percentage ranked saturated fat first on the nutrients’ intake list, with RI percentage ranging from 36.1 to 109.2% for the 95th percentile of consumption. The respective % RI for energy, total fat, carbohydrates, sugars, proteins and salt ranged from 12.7–20.7%, 21.6–50.4%, 0–3.1%, 0–6.1%, 37–57.1% and 6.3–42%. Nutri-Score classified 1% of the products to C—light orange class, 62% to D—orange and 37% to E—dark orange, while no products were classified to A—dark green or B—green classes. The comparison between the Nutri-Score classification and the nutrients’ intake assessment, also separately conducted within the classes, showed a higher salt intake after the consumption of products classified as D—orange and E—dark orange.

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Effect of applied potassium on nutrient contents of rice grown in three soils

Plant and Soil ◽

10.1007/bf02143190 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 84 (2) ◽

pp. 275-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K. N. Bansal ◽

U. P. S. Bhadoria ◽

J. N. Dube

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Contents

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