Phytochemical Screening and in-vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activities of Echinops amplexicaulis, Ruta chalepensis and Salix subserrata Against Selected Pathogenic Bacterial Strains in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia

In Ethiopia, many plants are used for medicinal drive-by old-style naturopaths without any scientific justification for their therapeutic values. The principal aim of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of the leaf, root and stem bark extracts of Rhamnus prinioides (gesho), Justicia schimperiana (sensel) and Ruta chalepensis (Tena adam) against some common pathogenic species of bacteria and fungi. The results of this study shown that the crude extracts of ethanol, methanol, hexane and water crude extracts had antimicrobial activities on most bacterial and fungi species of some solvent extracts. Ethanol and methanol crude extracts had the highest growth inhibitory effects as compared with those of the aqueous and hexane crude extracts. But, the four solvent crude extracts had fewer antimicrobial activities than commercially available drug(chloramphenicol and clotrimazole). Campylobacter jejuni and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be the most vulnerable microbes to the crude ethanol (99.5%). The growth-inhibitory events of the crude extracts were found to be significantly dissimilar for both concentrations (30 and 60 mg/ml) in all plant parts (p < 0.05). In general, this study did not only indicate that the antibacterial activities of R. prinioides (gesho), J. schimperiana (sensel) and R. chalepensis (Tena adam). It also accesses a scientific justification for its old-style use against some diseases.

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Synthesis and Antibacterial Activities of Amidine Substituted Monocyclic β-Lactams

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573406417666210830122954 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Lijuan Zhai ◽

Lili He ◽

Yuanbai Liu ◽

Ko Ko Myo ◽

Zafar Iqbal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Lead Target ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

Clinical Interest

Background: Mononcyclic β-lactams are regarded as the most resistant class of β-lactams against a series of β-lactamases though possess limited antibacterial activity. Aztreonam being the first clinically approved monobactam needs broad-spectrum efficacy through structural modification. Objective: We strive to synthesize a number of monocyclic β-lactams by varying the substituents at N1, C3 and C4 positions of azetidinone ring and study the antimicrobial effect on variable bacterial strains. Methods: Seven new monobactam derivatives 23a-g, containing substituted-amidine moieties linked to the azetidinone ring via thiazole linker, were synthesized through multistep synthesis. The final compounds were investigated for their in vitro antibacterial activities using broth microdilution method, against ten bacterial strains of clinical interest. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of newly synthesized derivatives were compared with aztreonam, ceftazidime and meropenem, existing clinical antibiotics. Results: All compounds 23a-g showed higher antibacterial activities (MIC 0.25 µg/mL to 64 µg/mL) against tested strains as compared to aztreonam (MIC 16 µg/mL to >64 µg/mL) and ceftazidime (MIC >64 µg/mL). However all compounds, except 23d, exhibited lower antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains as compared to meropenem. Conclusion: Compound 23d showed comparable or improved antibacterial activity (MIC 0.25 µg/mL to 2 µg/mL) to meropenem (MIC 1 µg/mL to 2 µg/mL) in case of seven bacterial species. Therefore, compound 23d may be valuable lead target for further investigations against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

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Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial and Synergistic activity of Dittrichia Viscosa Extracts against Multi-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria

Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Research ◽

10.31579/2693-7247/005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 01-06

Author(s):

Rhazi Fouzia

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Synergistic Activity ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Dittrichia Viscosa ◽

Study Results ◽

Ethanolic Extracts

Study contextual: Faced with the global problem of antimicrobial resistance, and the use of traditional medicine for the research of antibacterial biomolecules. Aim: our work focused on the valorization of a medicinal plant Dittrichia viscosa which has many therapeutic and culinary virtues worldwide. Methods: To do this, a phytochemical screening of the leafy stems of the plant is carried out according to a set of physicochemical reactions, as well as an in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity, of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts against multi-resistant bacterial strains, by microdilution technique on microplates. An evaluation of the synergistic interaction between extracts and weakened antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria was also highlighted in this study. Results: The tests revealed the richness of Dittrichia viscosa species by tannins, flavonoids, saponosides, sterols and triterpenes. As for the antibacterial effect, the MICs range from 0.858±0.29 to 66.66 ± 0.00 mg / ml and the MBCs from 4.300 ± 1.01 to 11.610 ± 2.31 mg / ml is an interesting antibacterial activity. Regarding the combination of extracts with antibiotics tested, it revealed a synergistic action inducing an amplification of the antibacterial power of Penicillin, Imipenem and Erythromycin with a rate that reaches 471%. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Dittrichia viscosa have interesting and promising antibacterial activity in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.

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Characterization of Antibacterial Proanthocyanidins of Dalbergia monetaria, an Amazonian Medicinal Plant, by UHPLC-HRMS/MS

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-1170-8016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 86 (12) ◽

pp. 858-866

Author(s):

Patricia Homobono Brito de Moura ◽

Amaryllis Almeida de Sousa ◽

Andrea Porzel ◽

Ludger A. Wessjohann ◽

Ivana Correa Ramos Leal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Neutral Loss ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Quinone Methide ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Fragmentation Pattern ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Tract Infections

Abstract Dalbergia monetaria is an Amazonian plant whose bark is widely used to treat urinary tract infections. This paper describes a bio-guided study of ethanolic extracts from the bark and leaves of D. monetaria, in a search for metabolites active against human pathogenic bacteria. In vitro assays were performed against 10 bacterial strains, highlighting methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fractioning of the extracts was performed using instrumental and classical techniques, and samples were characterized by UHPLC-HRMS/MS. Ethyl acetate fractions from bark and leaves showed similar antibacterial activities. EAFB is enriched in isoflavone C-glucosides and EAFL enriched in proanthocyanidins. Subfractions from EAFL presented higher activity and showed a complex profile of proanthocyanidins constructed by (epi)-cassiaflavan and (epi)-catechin units, including dimers, trimers and tetramers. The fragmentation pattern emphasized the neutral loss of cassiaflavan units by quinone-methide fission. Fraction SL7-6, constituted by (ent)-cassiaflavan-(ent)-cassiaflavan-(epi)-catechin isomers, showed the lowest MIC against the S. aureus and P. aeruginosa with values corresponding to 64 and 32 µg/mL, respectively. Cassiaflavan-proanthocyanidins have not been found previously in another botanical genus, except in Cassia, and the traditional medicinal use of D. monetaria might be related to the antibacterial activity of proanthocyanidins characterized in the species.

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In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activities of radezolid and linezolid for Streptococcus agalactiae

Microbial Pathogenesis ◽

10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103866 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 139 ◽

pp. 103866

Author(s):

Jin-xin Zheng ◽

Zhong Chen ◽

Zhi-chao Xu ◽

Jun-wen Chen ◽

Guang-jian Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

In Vitro Evaluation

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Phytochemical Screening and In vitro Evaluation of Pharmacological Activities of Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall) Parker Fruit Extracts

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.4314/tjpr.v12i1.18 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

AS Apu ◽

FA Chowdhury ◽

F Khatun ◽

ATM Jamaluddin ◽

AH Pathan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

In Vitro Evaluation ◽

Fruit Extracts

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Phytochemical screening and in-vitro evaluation of pharmacological activities of peels of Musa sapientum and Carica papaya fruit

Natural Product Research ◽

10.1080/14786419.2017.1342089 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (11) ◽

pp. 1333-1336 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sarmad Siddique ◽

Shamsa Nawaz ◽

Faqir Muhammad ◽

Bushra Akhtar ◽

Bilal Aslam

Keyword(s):

Carica Papaya ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

In Vitro Evaluation ◽

Musa Sapientum

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Phytochemical Screening and In-Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities of Various Extracts of Leaves and Stems of Kalanchoe crenata

Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences ◽

10.6000/1927-5951.2012.02.01.14 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Kamboj

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

In Vitro Evaluation

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Two new zinc(II) and mercury(II) complexes based on N,N′-(cyclohexane-1,2-diylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzohydrazide): synthesis, crystal structures and antibacterial activities

Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry ◽

10.1107/s2053229620004994 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (5) ◽

pp. 476-482

Author(s):

Al-Ameen Bariz OmarAli ◽

Ahmed Jasim M. Al-Karawi ◽

Adil A. Awad ◽

Necmi Dege ◽

Sevgi Kansız ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Ligand ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Structural Features ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Tetrahedral Geometry ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Crystallography ◽

Growth Inhibitory ◽

The Difference

Reaction of N,N′-(cyclohexane-1,2-diylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzohydrazide), C20H18F2N4O2, (LF ), with zinc chloride and mercury(II) chloride produced different types and shapes of neutral coordination complexes, namely, dichlorido[N,N′-(cyclohexane-1,2-diylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzohydrazide)-κ2 N,O]zinc(II), [ZnCl2(C20H18F2N4O2)], (1), and dichlorido[N,N′-(cyclohexane-1,2-diylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzohydrazide)-κ4 O,N,N′,O′]mercury(II), [HgCl2(C20H18F2N4O2)], (2). The organic ligand and its metal complexes are characterized using various techniques: IR, UV–Vis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, in addition to powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), single-crystal X-ray crystallography and microelemental analysis. Depending upon the data from these analyses and measurements, a typical tetrahedral geometry was confirmed for zinc complex (1), in which the ZnII atom is located outside the bis(benzhydrazone) core. The HgII atom in (2) is found within the core and has a common octahedral structure. The in vitro antibacterial activities of the prepared compounds were evaluated against two different bacterial strains, i.e. gram positive Bacillus subtilis and gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The prepared compounds exhibited differentiated growth-inhibitory activities against these two bacterial strains based on the difference in their lipophilic nature and structural features.

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