scholarly journals Lessons from a study in a rural community from southern Mexico: risk factors associated to transmission and reinfection of gastrointestinal parasites after albendazole treatment

2011 ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Rodriguez-Pérez ◽  
Perez-Vega
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for human leptospirosis in a rural district of Pelotas, a city in southernmost Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e6429108903
Author(s):  
Gilmar Batista Machado ◽  
Amilton Clair Pinto Seixas Neto ◽  
Tanise Pacheco Fortes ◽  
Caroline Dewes ◽  
Sibele Borsuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Rural District ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Human Leptospirosis ◽  
The World ◽  
Synanthropic Rodents

Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonosis in the world. In humans, the disease is responsible for more than a million cases annually. The purpose of this study was to assess human seroprevalence to leptospirosis in a rural community of southernmost Brazil. Furthermore, we assess possible epidemiological cues associated with seroprevalence. A total of 216 individuals were enrolled in the study. With an overall seroprevalence of 21.3% (n=46), to at least one of the 12 antigens tested. Seroreactivity was associated with 13 of the investigated cues, including those associated with the individuals, their behavior, environment, domestic animals, and synanthropic rodents. While seroprevalence was not particularly high when compared to other studies in similar populations, some of the risk factors associated with the disease are easy to circumvent, and indications for policymakers and future studies are made within.

scholarly journals Water, sanitation and hygiene risk factors associated with diarrhoea morbidity in a rural community of Enugu, South East Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugochukwu Uzoechina Nwokoro ◽  
Onyekachi Ugwa ◽  
Onwuliri Daniel Chinemerem ◽  
Izuchukwu Frank Obi ◽  
Murphy-Okpala Ngozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene

scholarly journals P3.115 Prevalence and risk factors associated with bacterial vaginosis in southern mexico

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Cortés Sarabia ◽  
Ana Karen Estrada Moreno ◽  
Miying Dessire Goméz Cervantes ◽  
Luz Del Carmen Alarcón Romero ◽  
Eugenia Flores Alfaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with Trypanosoma cruziexposure in domestic dogs from a rural community in Panama

2015 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 936-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azael Saldaña ◽  
José E Calzada ◽  
Vanessa Pineda ◽  
Milixa Perea ◽  
Chystrie Rigg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Co-infection and risk factors of tuberculosis in a Mexican HIV+ population

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Zenteno-Cuevas ◽  
Evangelina Montes-Villaseñor ◽  
Jaime Morales-Romero ◽  
Gastón Coronel-Martín del Campo ◽  
Betzaida Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The People ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

INTRODUCTION: The situation of tuberculosis (TB) is being modified by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is increasing the occurrence of new cases and the generation of drug resistant strains, affecting not only the people infected with HIV, but also their close contacts and the general population, conforming a serious public health concern. However, the magnitudes of the factors associated to this co-infection differ considerably in relation to the population groups and geographical areas. METHODS: In order to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for the co-infection of tuberculosis (TB) in a population with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV+) in the Southeast of Mexico, we made the analysis of clinical and epidemiological variables and the diagnosis of tuberculosis by isolation of mycobacteria from respiratory samples. RESULTS: From the 147 HIV+ individuals analyzed, 12 were culture positive; this shows a prevalence of 8% for the co-infection. The only variable found with statistical significance for the co-infection was the number of CD4-T < 200 cells/mm³, OR 13 (95%, CI 2-106 vs 12-109). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this is the first report describing the factors associated with tuberculosis co -infection with HIV in a population from Southern Mexico. The low number of CD4 T-cells was the only variable associated with the TB co-infection and the rest of the variables provide scenarios that require specific and particular interventions for this population group.

scholarly journals Incidence and Associated Factors of Type 2 Diabetes: A Community-Based Cohort Study in the Central Region of Rural Community in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Annop Kittithaworn ◽  
Royal Dy ◽  
Panadda Hatthachote ◽  
Ram Rangsin ◽  
Mathirut Mungthin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated risk factors among adults in a rural community of Thailand. A prospective cohort study was conducted in a rural community of Thailand. Among 1358 nondiabetics ≥18 years, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was measured at baseline in 2008 to 2010 and at follow-up evaluation in 2015. After follow-up of 5213 person-years, 122 new cases of T2DM were ascertained corresponding to cumulative incidence of 23.40 per 1000 person-years. The independent factors associated with T2DM were age, male, prehypertension, hypertension, waist circumference, and impaired FPG. The incidence of T2DM in Thailand is high, and many risk factors are converging. The focus of public health efforts should be on abdominal obesity, hypertension, and impaired FPG. Special attention in terms of preventive strategies must be paid to individuals with impaired FPG, as this state is the most prominent predictor of developing T2DM.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors associated with Campylobacter spp. occurrence in healthy dogs visiting four rural community veterinary clinics in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musafiri Karama ◽  
Beniamino T. Cenci-Goga ◽  
Alice Prosperi ◽  
Eric Etter ◽  
Saeed El-Ashram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Campylobacter Upsaliensis ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Reports on the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in dogs in South Africa are non-existent. This study investigated the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in 481 dogs visiting four rural community veterinary clinics in South Africa. Dogs were screened for Campylobacter spp. by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between sex, clinic, breed and age and the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in dogs. The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was 41.50% (95% confidence interval [CI], 37.39% – 46.04%). Campylobacter jejuni, C. upsaliensis and C. coli were detected in 29.31% (95% CI, 25.42% – 33.54%), 13.10% (95% CI, 10.37% – 16.42%) and 5.41% (95% CI, 3.71% – 7.82%) of dogs, respectively. Dogs carrying more than one species of Campylobacter spp. accounted for 6.23% (95% CI, 4.40% – 8.78%). Campylobacter upsaliensis and C. jejuni were detected in 3.74% (95% CI, 2.37% – 5.86%), whereas C. coli and C. jejuni were found in 2.49% (95% CI, 1.42% – 4.34%) of dogs. Age and clinic were the risk factors significantly associated with Campylobacter spp. occurrence, while age, breed and clinic were predictors of C. jejuni carriage. Furthermore, age was the only risk factor associated with a higher likelihood of carrying C. upsaliensis. The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. C. jejuni and C. upsaliensis increased significantly as dogs grew older. In addition, the odds of carrying Campylobacter spp. were higher in the Staffordshire bull terrier breed compared to crossbreed dogs. In conclusion, this study shows that dogs visiting rural community veterinary clinics in South Africa are reservoirs of Campylobacter spp. and may be potential sources of Campylobacter spp. for humans living in close proximity of the dog populations under study.

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