Mayaro virus: the jungle flu

Mayaro virus (MAYV) hijacks the host’s cell machinery to effectively replicate. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p38, JNK, and ERK1/2 have emerged as crucial cellular factors implicated in different stages of the viral cycle. However, whether MAYV uses these MAPKs to competently replicate has not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of MAPK inhibition on MAYV replication using primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and HeLa cells. Viral yields in supernatants from MAYV-infected cells treated or untreated with inhibitors SB203580, SP600125, U0126, or Losmapimod were quantified using plaque assay. Additionally, viral protein expression was analyzed using immunoblot and immunofluorescence. Knockdown of p38⍺/p38β isoforms was performed in HDFs using the PROTACs molecule NR-7h. Our data demonstrated that HDFs are highly susceptible to MAYV infection. SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, reduced MAYV replication in a dose-dependent manner in both HDFs and HeLa cells. Additionally, SB203580 significantly decreased viral E1 protein expression. Similarly, knockdown or inhibition of p38⍺/p38β isoforms with NR-7h or Losmapimod, respectively, affected MAYV replication in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, these findings suggest that p38 could play an important role in MAYV replication and could serve as a therapeutic target to control MAYV infection.

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Prolonged polyarthralgia in a German traveller with Mayaro virus infection without inflammatory correlates

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/1471-2334-13-369 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Christian Theilacker ◽

Jürgen Held ◽

Ludger Allering ◽

Petra Emmerich ◽

Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Mayaro Virus

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Inactivation and Removal of Chikungunya Virus and Mayaro Virus from Plasma-derived Medicinal Products

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v11030234 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 234 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Constanze Yue ◽

Sebastian Teitz ◽

Tomoyuki Miyabashi ◽

Klaus Boller ◽

Lia Lewis-Ximenez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chikungunya Virus ◽

Febrile Illness ◽

Heat Inactivation ◽

Medicinal Products ◽

Emerging Viruses ◽

Viral Inactivation ◽

Detergent Treatment ◽

Mayaro Virus ◽

Almost All ◽

Product Industry

Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) are closely related members of the Semliki Forest complex within the genus alphavirus and are transmitted by arthropods, causing acute febrile illness in humans. CHIKV has spread to almost all continents, whereas autochthonous MAYV infections have been reported in South America and in the Caribbean. Nevertheless, there was concern about potential spread of MAYV to other regions similar to CHIKV in the past. The risk for transmission of emerging viruses by blood transfusion and the safety of plasma-derived medicinal products (PDMPs) are constant concerns. The manufacturing processes of PDMPs include procedures to inactivate/remove viruses. Methods: In this study, we investigated the reduction of MAYV and CHIKV by heat inactivation in various matrices, solvent/detergent treatment and nanofiltration. Results: Unexpectedly, MAYV was significantly more resistant to heat and solvent/detergent treatment compared to CHIKV. However, being similar in size, both MAYV and CHIKV were removed below the detection limit by 35 nm virus filters. Conclusions: The inactivation profiles of different alphavirus members vary considerably, even within the Semliki Forest Complex. However, robust dedicated viral inactivation/removal procedures commonly used in the plasma product industry are effective in inactivating or removing MAYV and CHIKV.

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NMR study of non-structural proteins—part I: 1H, 13C, 15N backbone and side-chain resonance assignment of macro domain from Mayaro virus (MAYV)

Biomolecular NMR Assignments ◽

10.1007/s12104-014-9572-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 191-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Efstathios Melekis ◽

Aikaterini C. Tsika ◽

Julie Lichière ◽

Christos T. Chasapis ◽

Irene Margiolaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resonance Assignment ◽

Structural Proteins ◽

Side Chain ◽

Nmr Study ◽

Chain Resonance ◽

Macro Domain ◽

Side Chain Resonance ◽

Side Chain Resonance Assignment ◽

Mayaro Virus

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Identification of mayaro virus nucleocapsid protein in nucleus of Aedes albopictus cells

Virus Research ◽

10.1016/s0168-1702(96)01408-6 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 67-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Claudia Mitchell ◽

Adriana Freitas de Andrade-Rozental ◽

Thaïs Souto-Padrón ◽

Maria da Glória da Costa Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Aedes Albopictus ◽

Nucleocapsid Protein ◽

Aedes Albopictus Cells ◽

Mayaro Virus

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Near-germline human monoclonal antibodies neutralize and protect against multiple arthritogenic alphaviruses

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.2100104118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 118 (37) ◽

pp. e2100104118

Author(s):

Ryan J. Malonis ◽

James T. Earnest ◽

Arthur S. Kim ◽

Matthew Angeliadis ◽

Frederick W. Holtsberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Neutralizing Antibodies ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Human Mabs ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Neutralizing Capacity ◽

Rheumatological Disease ◽

Mayaro Virus ◽

Alphavirus Infection ◽

Globally Distributed

Arthritogenic alphaviruses are globally distributed, mosquito-transmitted viruses that cause rheumatological disease in humans and include Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Mayaro virus (MAYV), and others. Although serological evidence suggests that some antibody-mediated heterologous immunity may be afforded by alphavirus infection, the extent to which broadly neutralizing antibodies that protect against multiple arthritogenic alphaviruses are elicited during natural infection remains unknown. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of MAYV-reactive alphavirus monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from a CHIKV-convalescent donor. We characterized 33 human mAbs that cross-reacted with CHIKV and MAYV and engaged multiple epitopes on the E1 and E2 glycoproteins. We identified five mAbs that target distinct regions of the B domain of E2 and potently neutralize multiple alphaviruses with differential breadth of inhibition. These broadly neutralizing mAbs (bNAbs) contain few somatic mutations and inferred germline–revertants retained neutralizing capacity. Two bNAbs, DC2.M16 and DC2.M357, protected against both CHIKV- and MAYV-induced musculoskeletal disease in mice. These findings enhance our understanding of the cross-reactive and cross-protective antibody response to human alphavirus infections.

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