scholarly journals Estimates of heterosis and combining ability of soybean diallel crossings

Plant Omics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Jose Ricardo Bagateli ◽  
Carlos André Bahry ◽  
Raimunda Nonata Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
Giordano Gelain Conte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Heterosis Effect ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
F1 Generation ◽  
Partial Diallel

This study aimed to estimate the general and specific combining ability of partial soybean diallel crossings. The parents were divided in two groups contrasting for the characteristics of mass of thousand seeds, maturity group, flowers’ color, lodging and growth aspect. The scheme of partial diallel followed the Griffing model, where it were included the parents and the F1 generation. There was predominance of additive genic effects for the characteristics number of seeds per pods, number of seeds per plant and plants height. For number of pods per plant, seeds per plant and mass of hundred seeds the dominance effects were expressed by the superiority of specific combining ability in the determination of these characters. The parents G3 and G7 were the ones that contributed the most to the increase in yield in function of general combining ability for the characters number of pods per plant, seeds per plant, plant yield and mass of hundred seeds. The hybrids from the crossings between G3 x G5 and G3 x G4 are more promising for the characteristics related to yield, since they present elevated heterosis effect and high specific combining ability associated to increase general combining ability presented by the parent G3.

Expected efficiencies of mating designs for reselection of parents

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1664-1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Burdon ◽  
J. P. van Buijtenen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Separate Study ◽  
Maximal Efficiency ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Advanced Generation ◽  
Partial Diallel

Expected efficiencies, in terms of genetic gain from reselection of parents (backwards selection), were compared for hierarchical mating, factorial, partial factorial, modified half diallel, and partial diallel crossing designs and polycrosses; this was done in parallel with a separate study of expected efficiencies for advanced-generation (forwards) selection, assuming a fixed-resources model of 100 parents and 10 000 offspring. The present study considered a single-trait case, with variable numbers of crosses per parent, varying heritability (h2) levels (h2 = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5), and varying ratios of specific combining ability to general combining ability variance (0, 0.5, and 1). Compared with the case of forwards selection, the relative efficiencies of the different designs were generally similar. Two notable exceptions were the comparative inefficiency of small, disconnected factorial sets for backwards selection and the generally high (but not always maximal) efficiency of polycrosses for this purpose.

HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY, AND PREDICTED SYNTHETICS FROM A DIALLEL CROSS IN SUNFLOWERS (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Putt
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Mature Weight

Heterosis occurred for the eight plant and seed characters studied. It was most frequent for yield of seed and height of plant. Mean squares for general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant (P =.01) for all characters. The estimated components for gca were greater than for sca for days to mature, weight per bushel, and percent oil in the seed; less for height and yield of seed; and essentially the same for days to bloom, diameter of head, and weight per 1000 seeds.The yield of seed and percent oil in the seed, for the highest ranking 100 synthetics that could be composed from the 10 lines, was predicted in F6 assuming 50 and 60% outcrossing between F2 and F6. Virtually all values exceeded the mean performance of four check samples of commercial hybrids. Many exceeded the highest rank check for oil content in the seed. Fourteen of the highest ranking 100 synthetics for yield and 30 for oil content consisted of two or three lines. It was concluded that synthetics can be superior to the present hybrids in heterosis and that desirable synthetics can be made from only a few lines.

HETEROSIS IN DIALLEL CROSSES AMONG SIX VARIETIES OF HARD RED SPRING WHEAT

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Knott ◽  
S. S. Sindagi
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Crosses ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat

Diallel crosses were made among six varieties of hard red spring wheat that differed considerably in yield and other characteristics. The F1 hybrids were tested at two seeding rates and the F2, hybrids at one. Heterosis was not great in either generation and no cross appeared to be promising. General combining ability was much more important than specific combining ability and parental yields gave reasonable predictions of hybrid yields. Yields of hybrids at the two seeding rates were closely correlated.

scholarly journals Association between Griffing's diallel and the adaptability and stability of Eberhart and Russel

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleso Antônio Patto Pacheco ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
Manoel Xavier dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
F1 Cross

The objective of the present work was to provide a methodology to study the inheritance of adaptability and stability through the breakdown of Eberhart and Russell regression coefficients and regression deviations in effects due to the mean and additive genetic effects (gi's and gj's) as well as dominance effects (sij's) of Griffing´s methodology, when the diallel is conducted in several environments. It was concluded that the adaptability and stability parameters are determined in the same manner as are genetic effects. So an F1 cross inherits half the general combining ability (GCA) mean effect from each parent, while the effects due to specific combining ability (SCA) are subjected to the same considerations relative to sij's, i.e., they are dependent on specific combinations.

scholarly journals ОЦІНКА КОМБІНАЦІЙНОЇ ЗДАТНОСТІ СОРТІВ ЯЧМЕНЮЯРОГО ЗА КІЛЬКІСНИМИ ОЗНАКАМИ В УМОВАХ ПІВНІЧНОГО СТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

2014 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
В. В. Ващенко ◽  
О. О. Шевченко
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

У системі діалельних схрещувань п’яти сортів яч-меню ярого (Донецький 12, Донецький 14, Донецький 15,Прерія, Галактик) установлено особливості генети-чного контролю мінливості ознак: висота рослин,кількість зерен у колосі, маса 1000 зерен у відповід-ності зі співвідношенням варіанс специфічної комбі-наційної здатності (СКЗ) і загальної комбінаційноїздатності (ЗКЗ). Виділено й запропоновано сорти якджерела ознак висота рослин Галактик і Донецький14; кількість зерен у колосі – сорт Прерія; маса 1000зерен – сорт Донецький 15. Виділені зразки з високимі стабільним рівнем комбінаційної здатності запро-поновано використовувати в селекційній роботі. A total of diallel analysis varieties of springbarley Donetskiy 12, Donetskiy 14, Donetskiy 15,Prairie, Galactic set features genetic controlvariability characteristics: plant height, number ofgrains per ear, 1000 grain weight in accordance withthe ratio of variance of specific combining ability(SSI) and general combining ability (ZKZ).Identified and proposed as a source of variety traitsplant height and Donetsk 14, Galactic, the numberof grains per ear sort Prairie, weight of 1000 grainsDonetskiy 15. Samples of high and stable levels ofcombining ability is proposed to use in breedingwork have beeen celected.

scholarly journals Diallel Anaysis of Oil Production Components in Peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey N. Wilson ◽  
Michael R. Baring ◽  
Mark D. Burow ◽  
William L. Rooney ◽  
Charles E. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Ability Estimates ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Very High

Peanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) has the potential to become a major source of biodiesel, but for market viability, peanut oil yields must increase. Oil yield in peanut is influenced by many different components, including oil concentration, seed mass, and mean oil produced per seed. All of these traits can potentially be improved through selection as long as there is sufficient genetic variation. To assess the variation for these traits, a diallel mating design was used to estimate general combining ability, specific combining ability, and heritability. General combining ability estimates were significant for oil concentration, weight of 50 sound mature kernels (50 SMK), and mean milligrams oil produced per SMK (OPS). Specific combining ability was significant for oil concentration. Reciprocal effects were detected for OPS. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were very high for oil concentration and 50 SMK and low for OPS. The low OPS heritability estimate was caused by the negative correlation between oil concentration and seed size. Consequently, oil concentration and seed mass alone can be improved through early generation selection, but large segregating populations from high oil crosses will be needed to identify progeny with elevated oil concentrations that maintain acceptable seed sizes.

scholarly journals Performance of testers with different genetic structure for evaluation of maize inbred lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro José Moreira Guimarães ◽  
Glauco Vieira Miranda ◽  
Rodrigo Oliveira DeLima ◽  
Ciro Maia ◽  
Lucimar Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

The objective of this study was to evaluate four maize testers for identification of superior inbreed lines in testcross. The four testers evaluated are cultivars with narrow or wide genetic base (single-cross hybrids and open pollinated varieties) and two kernel types (flint or dent). SynD and SynF testers are open pollinated varieties with dent and flint kernels, respectively, and FSH and DSH testers are single-cross hybrids with flint and dent kernels, respectively. SynD tester showed the biggest genetic variance among the maize inbreed lines in crosses. The effects of general combining ability (GCA) for lines and specific combining ability (SCA) for lines x testers were significant, whereas GCA effects for testers were not significant. SynD and SynF testers identified the largest number of lines with higher GCA. The DSH and FSH testers showed suitable to identify lines with high SCA. It was concluded that SynD and SynF testers are adequate to identify inbreed lines with high GCA effects, and it's possible to identify new lines with high heterotic potential in each one of the four testers.

Combining ability and heterosis studyin maize inbreds throughout diallel mating design

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
ANMS Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
AH Akhi ◽  
MZA Talukder ◽  
A Karim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height

Combining ability effects were estimated for grain yield and some other important agronomic traits of maize in a 7×7 diallel analysis excluding reciprocals. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) were found significant for yield, days to pollen shedding, days to silking and ear height while it was found non-significant for plant height and number of kernels/ear. Non-significant general combining ability (GCA) variance for plant height and number of kernels/ear indicates that these two traits were predominantly controlled by non- additive type of gene action. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all the characters except yield and days to silking. Non-significant specific combining ability (SCA) variance for yield and days to silking suggests that these two traits were predominantly controlled by additive type of gene action. Both GCA and SCA variances were found significant only in days to pollen shedding and ear height indicated the presence of additive as well as non additive gene effects for controlling the traits. However, relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters studied except days to silking. Parent BIL95 was the best general combiner for both high yield and number of kernels/ear and parent BML4 for dwarf plant type. Two crosses (BML4× BML36 and BIL114× BIL31) exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for grain yield involved low × average and average × average general combining parents. The range of heterosis expressed by different crosses for grain yield and days to silking was from -65.83 to 21.26 percent and -17.85 to 8.22 percent, respectively.. The better performing three crosses (BIL114×BIL31, BIL138×BIL95 and BIL31×BIL95) can be utilized for developing high yielding hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid vigour.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 599-609, December 2018

GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMBINING ABILITY IN SEVEN INBRED STRAWBERRY LINES

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis E. Aalders ◽  
Donald L. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Genetic Variation

Seedlings of a diallel cross of seven strawberry inbreds omitting reciprocals were fruited in matted rows. Per acre fruit yields were comparable with leading cultivars, but berry appearance and quality of the hybrids were poor. Differences in resistance to powdery mildew reflected the values of the cultivars from which the inbreds were derived.All four characters studied showed significant general combining ability values, and three of the four showed significant specific combining ability values. These results are consistent with previous findings of considerable amounts of non-additive genetic variation in the strawberry.

GENERAL, SPECIFIC, MATERNAL AND RECIPROCAL EFFECTS FOR EWE PRODUCTIVITY IN CROSSING FIVE BREEDS OF SHEEP

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
W. E. REMPEL ◽  
W. J. BOYLAN ◽  
K. P. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Stations ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
The University

Five breeds of sheep (Minnesota 100, 102, 103 and 105, and Shropshire), and their two breed crosses, including reciprocals, were raised at the University of Minnesota's Agricultural Experiment Stations, Rosemount and Waseca. Included in this study were 421 purebred and 1037 crossbred ewes and their 367 purebred and 849 Suffolk-sired crossbred lambs born over a 5-yr period. Estimates of heterosis, pure breed, general, specific, maternal and reciprocal effects were obtained for fertility, prolificacy, livability, overall reproduction, and total and average lamb weights per ewe at birth and weaning (100 days). Significant differences were observed for prolificacy, livability, and total and average lamb weights per ewe at birth and weaning. General combining ability was important (P < 0.01) for prolificacy and average lamb weight per ewe at birth and weaning. Specific combining ability was significant for prolificacy, total lamb weight per ewe at birth, and average lamb weight per ewe at weaning. Maternal and reciprocal effects were not important (P > 0.05). Significant interactions of location with specific combining ability and maternal ability were observed for average lamb weight per ewe at weaning. Breeds ranked differently on purebred performance and general combining ability. Heterosis, pure breeds, and general and specific combining ability had important effects. Therefore, both additive and non-additive effects should be considered in developing breeding strategies to maximize productivity for commercial lamb production. Key words: Sheep, breed, ewe productivity, genetic effects

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