Human capital in the context of high levels of inequality in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tamaryn Jean Friderichs
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
First Century ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Widespread Interest

Piketty’s (2014) book titled “Capital in the Twenty-First Century” sparked widespread interest in global inequality, the distinction between wealth and income inequality and the economic, social and political processes accounting for changes in economic inequality over time. Piketty’s (2014) study controversially stated that widening economic inequality is the normal state of affairs in capitalist societies. The return from capital/wealth (terms used interchangeably) will almost always outpace the returns from labour. In contrast with Piketty’s (2014) thesis that the returns on non-human capital drive growing income inequality, economists such as Leibbrandt et al. (2012), Van der Berg (2014) and Hundenborn et al. (2016) have found that the labour market and human capital (HC) are the primary sources of income inequality. The research problem for this study stems from these contrasting views.

scholarly journals Income inequality and religion globally 1970–2050

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 175-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Navarro ◽  
Vegard Skirbekk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Social Upheaval ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Age And Sex

Economic inequality is a paramount issue for the future of global affairs and interreligious relations. This study contributes to the field by providing the first ever estimates of global inequality by religion. We combine estimations and projections of religious compositions and distribution of income by age and sex across the world between 1970 and 2050. Understanding economic inequality from a religious dimension can contribute to decreasing tension, creating targeted pol-icies and reducing the risks of social upheaval and conflict. We find that in societies with higher proportions of religiously unaffiliated populations, income distribution is more equal than in religious ones. We also describe the inequality of distribution of income within religious groups and find that Christian and Jewish societies tend to be the most unequal, while inequality has risen substantially across all societies, concomitant with strong economic growth. Societies formed of Muslim, Hindu and unaffiliated populations are among the more equal ones. Muslim societies have experienced the highest rise in income inequality of all religions since 1990.

THE ROLE OF SHAIKH NURIDDIN AND SHOKHMALIK IN THE POLITICAL PROCESSESTHAT TOOK PLACE IN THE FIRST DAYS AFTER THE DEATH OF AMIR TEMUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Laylo Begimkulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Processes

In this article, the author, on the basis of historical primary sources, highlights the role and influence of the great emirs Shaikh Nuriddin and Shokhmalik on the political processes that took place after the death of Amir Temur and the subsequent development of events.

Human Capital in the Economic System of Modern Society: the Mechanism of Formation, Investment and Development Prospects in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
S. Zhukov ◽  
V. Zelic ◽  
S. Soima
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Mechanism Of Formation ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Economic State ◽  
Human Capital Investments ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Development Prospects

As a result of the conducted research the problems of development of human capital and basic pre-conditions of providing of his competitiveness are certain. Analyzed the loud speaker of charges on development of education and health protection of summary budget of Ukraine and measures on the improvement of economic situation in Ukraine and providing of development of human capital are offered. The basic types of investments are certain in a human capital on levels and subjects of investing. The mechanism of forming of human capital is presented. The mechanism of forming of human capital is presented. It is grounded, that for strategic development of human capital of Ukraine and achievement of equilibrium and balanced of economy in the conditions of globalization modernization of public policy is needed in area of education, namely, creation of the system of education, oriented to forming and development of skills and jurisdictions of man, necessary for innovative activity. Keywords human capital, investments in a human capital, competitiveness, economic state of affairs, payment for work.

The employment miracle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Fratzscher
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
German Society ◽  
First Century ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
New Jobs

After reaching a low point of economic dynamism and employment in 2005, a state of affairs in which it came to be regarded as the “sick man of Europe,” Germany achieved impressive, indeed apparently miraculous growth in employment. In the process German society cut unemployment in half and created almost 5 million new jobs. In this chapter’s discussion, the primary focus is on the different elements and causes that have gone into the employment miracle in Germany since the start of the twenty-first century. In addition, the chapter highlights the underlying weaknesses and problems in Germany’s labor market as the century’s second decade nears its close.

Plebiscitary Politics and the Threats to Legality

2019 ◽  
pp. 275-289
Author(s):  
Claudius Härpfer
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Face ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Relationship

In recent times we find many plebiscitary acts that seek to democratically legitimize political processes in any direction. They have in common that they interrupt the normal routine of representative democracies to a certain degree and create an extra-daily state of affairs, which entails not only direct but also indirect consequences. The text attempts to systematize some of these mechanisms from a Weberian perspective using Brexit as an example. After a brief overview of Weber’s short-term politically inspired statements on plebiscitary democracy, the text systematizes Weber’s understanding of the state as a bureaucratic apparatus that requires any kind of leader to be controlled. Subsequently, the text discusses the relationship between domination, legality, and rationality in order to finally point out the danger of erosion of truth and legality through the emergence of competing consensus communities in the face of competing conceptions of order.

scholarly journals Income inequality in the 21st century — A biased summary of Piketty’s capital in the twenty-first century

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 1630001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich Stauffer
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
21St Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Income Distributions ◽  
Twenty First Century

Capital usually leads to income and income is more accurately and easily measured. Thus, we summarize income distributions in USA, Germany, etc.

scholarly journals Studying Effects of Human Capital on Income Inequality in Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 1386-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Shahpari ◽  
Parviz Davoudi
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Income Inequality

scholarly journals Human capital and income inequality*

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Wha Lee ◽  
Hanol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Income Inequality
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