Human Capital in the Economic System of Modern Society: the Mechanism of Formation, Investment and Development Prospects in Ukraine

As a result of the conducted research the problems of development of human capital and basic pre-conditions of providing of his competitiveness are certain. Analyzed the loud speaker of charges on development of education and health protection of summary budget of Ukraine and measures on the improvement of economic situation in Ukraine and providing of development of human capital are offered. The basic types of investments are certain in a human capital on levels and subjects of investing. The mechanism of forming of human capital is presented. The mechanism of forming of human capital is presented. It is grounded, that for strategic development of human capital of Ukraine and achievement of equilibrium and balanced of economy in the conditions of globalization modernization of public policy is needed in area of education, namely, creation of the system of education, oriented to forming and development of skills and jurisdictions of man, necessary for innovative activity. Keywords human capital, investments in a human capital, competitiveness, economic state of affairs, payment for work.

Digital Marketing as a Technology for Promotion of Organic Products

The article highlights the use of digital marketing as an opportunity for modern promotion of organic products, which should turn into a complex of multidirectional components, such as: a deep study of the online audience, its behavioral component; Engaging all possible audience segments immersion of production employees in digital communication with the consumer; organization of interaction with the potential consumer. Digital technology provides an integrated approach to promoting organic products in the digital environment, also encompassing offline consumers using mobile phones and other digital communications. Provides the ability to integrate a large number of different technologies (social, mobile, web, etc.) with sales and customer service. Continuous quality two-way communication between the advertiser and the end consumer of organic products; the combination of technology and human resources, keeping the right balance, based on the needs of the target audience and the features of the organic products offered; the ability to be relevant to the market, evaluate and analyze the results of promotion, respond flexibly to market needs. The article notes that digital marketing is more profitable than a traditional advertising campaign, especially for small non-network manufacturers. Organic producers who previously could not afford to compete with the big players side by side with the big players are now offered to launch a quality campaign for their audience, even at low marketing costs. marketing opens up a lot of new opportunities for organic businesses, while improving the quality of ordering and delivery and making it more personalized to potential consumers. Keywords digital marketing, promotion, organic products, digital tools, online channels, offline channels, consumers.

Integral Methodology of Estimation of Development of Organizational Culture of Enterprises (according to the results of expert survey)

At present, organizational culture has a leading position in the enterprise management system. The purpose of this study is to improve the methodology for assessing the development of organizational culture of enterprises and its testing on the example of Ukrainian enterprises in the provision of transport, consulting and banking services. As a result of the research, a questionnaire was made of 24 statements concerning the peculiarities of the organizational culture of enterprises, and on this basis an analysis and evaluation of the organizational culture was carried out. The reliability of the survey results was calculated using the Alpha Cronbach coefficient and XYZ-analysis. The integrated method of estimation of development of organizational culture of the enterprises is offered. The testing of this methodology showed that the surveyed enterprises have an average level of development of organizational culture, since the values of the integral indicators are in the range of 0.5–0.75. Based on the mentioned above, it is essential to propose priority directions to improve the management of enterprises’ organizational culture development: the application of a customer-oriented approach to the formation of organizational culture, based on the customer focus, complemented by the cross-functional interaction of company human resources in the decision-making process; development and realization: the mechanism of the strategic management of the enterprise organizational culture development; marketing strategy of the enterprise organizational culture development; organizational and economic mechanism for enterprise organizational culture development managing; the complex of measures for the digital transformation of enterprises organizational culture, which includes: use of employee-driven management, that is, an HR oriented approach to management – continuous employees training and skills development halves the time of a new product launching on the market; implementation of HRmaps the next generation modular platform for HR management – a comprehensive solution for the HR processes automation, which consists of 4 modules and the HR portal (personnel assessment; recruitment and adaptation; planning and career; training and development); HR digital upgrade, which is based on the introduction of a digital cloud platform providing a digital format for all personnel processes (up to 90% automation), which allows monitoring and company development. The practical value of the study is that the proposed methodical approach can be used in the activities of enterprises in assessing the level of development of their organizational culture. Keywords enterprise, organizational culture, Denison’s methodology, integrated estimation methodology, level of development of organizational culture, approbation, profile of organizational culture.

Institutionalism as the Quintessence of Welfare Theory

The article highlights the theoretical aspects of institutionalism as the quintessence of welfare theory. A characteristic feature of the evolution of the human race is a deep transformation of the mental worldview. Based on historical analysis, it was revealed that attempts to curb human nature led to the emergence of norms and rules that determined the nature of the interaction between members of society. Norms and rules, or institutions in the modern sense of the word, have changed the worldview of society, thereby forming an idea of the welfare. In pre-institutional times (primitive societies), human well-being was perceived exclusively in a materialistic context. With the emergence of the first mental constructions accepted by members of society as a moral imperative, wealth began to acquire spiritual attributes (responsibility, altruism, caring, etc.). The quintessential notions of welfare were moral imperatives. It was revealed that the genesis of moral imperatives was determined by the institutional environment of a particular society. As a result, societies appeared with a diversified understanding of well-being, which influenced the belief in justice and the effectiveness of existing models for streamlining public life. Three types of society are considered, where nationalistic, socialist and liberal moral imperatives dominated. It is determined that the balance between adherence to the ideas of individualism and collectivism has become a determining factor in the formation of the theory of welfare. Keywords institutionalism, welfare, institutions, moral imperatives, mental constructions, society.

Prospects for the Development of IT-clusters in Ukraine on the Basis of Venture Financing

The basic principles of the development of IT clusters as a component of the national innovation ecosystem of the country were reviewed and analyzed. A conceptual model of organizational and economic state regulation of IT clusters in the national economy has been developed, which harmonizes the social and economic interests of the participants of the cluster association and is aimed at forming a state cluster policy based on improving the competitiveness of the IT sector. Practical recommendations for improving the state policy of development of IT-clusters in Ukraine on the basis of venture capital investment are substantiated. It has been established that despite the positive dynamics of venture investment in the IT sector in recent years, unfortunately, it is still in the process of becoming. The intensity of the impact of venture capital on the formation and development of the IT sector in Ukraine is estimated. The main factors that impair the development opportunities of this type of investment in Ukraine are investigated. Analyzed the structural and regional features of the development of IT-clusters. Based on the analysis, it was revealed that the development of IT clusters on the basis of venture investment is a promising and modern investment direction for Ukrainian enterprises. Keywords information technologies, IT cluster, IT sector, venture financing; innovation development, venture capital.

Potential Ways of Innovative Development of Coal Mining Enterprises

In spite of natural coal reserves availability in Ukraine the unprofitability of its coal mining enterprises as well as the lack of branch special-purpose innovation funds and that of innovative development encouragement by government condition the complex of unsolved problems at coal mining enterprises and have the negative influence upon the search of strategic investors interested in the rapid technologic and technical progress in production and its economic growth. The existing coal mining industry experiences the demand for an economic network formation (not of commercial but of investment and subvention character) designed for joint functioning provision of unprofitable coal mining enterprises and businesses that are essential for such unprofitable mines’ survival because there is no better way than the direct participation of metallurgical, machine-building, and power generation industry in coal production. The experience gained in developed countries demonstrates that wastes can be not only the substantial factor of rational nature management but effectively utilized. Taking into account the fact that products of coal mining wastes have either qualitative-quantitative parameters specifying their physical value or a cost valuation, their production could be economically expedient that is profitable. The assessment criterion of economic attractiveness could include the level of products manufacture profitableness of coal mining wastes and their competitiveness in consumer market. Apart from the potential value of coal mining wastes from the viewpoints of their future utilization in various mineral and raw materials’ production it might also include ecological-economical and/or social-economical component The considered characteristics of values that may have various wastes of coal mining production allow conclusion making as for the reasonability of their ranging. The criterion of such ranging could be the level of their practical value for consumers or their preparedness degree for certain kinds of consumer values formed on their basis. The value of coal mining wastes that can be potentially profitable, competitive and investment attracting would affect the participation of certain investors groups in the innovative development of coal mining enterprises. Keywords coal mining enterprises, innovative development, economic network, products of coal mining wastes, consumer value.

Prerequisites for the Introduction of Virtual Currency (Cryptocurrency) Control in Ukraine

Observing the rapid uptake and active use of virtual currencies that are not found in every country in the world, regulators are asking questions about the ability to control and regulate their operations. Therefore, the article describes approaches to determining the economic nature of virtual currencies and analyzes their legal regulation and transactions with them in the world and in Ukraine. The status and official attitude of the regulatory bodies of different countries, consolidation of legislation and taxation of virtual currencies are reflected. In recent years, there have been significant changes in the attitude of most cryptocurrencies in most of the leading countries of the world, from “illegal payment” to “promising financial instrument”. The increasing interest of government in progressive innovation has led to an increase in the influx of new entrants (both individuals and institutions) who are actively using virtual currencies. Yes, cryptocurrencies have caused a lot of concern about the risks they may bring since the first digital currency, Bitcoin. Over a period of time, cryptocurrency exchanges have been steadily increasing their interest in underwriting to ensure the secure process of exchanging and buying cryptocurrencies, reducing theft. Virtual currencies contain a large amount of capitalization in terms of fiat currencies, but the disorder and even the unstable state of cryptocurrencies, as well as the lack of historical loss data, complicate the process of controlling their turnover. However, given the interest, popularity and attention of the media, many, including lawyers, political scientists, economists, are trying to understand the basics of technology and its implications for politicians and other departments. The development of blockchain-based cryptocurrency technology has been introduced in areas that have traditionally been widely regulated, such as capital raising and money transfer. Politicians and other government officials often try to apply laws that have been developed for decades for the latest technology. The US in each state has a different definition and approach to cryptocurrency transactions. A similar situation is observed in the international arena, where some countries have sought to promote the growth of technology and others have sought to remove technology from their jurisdiction. Therefore, the legal field of law requires in-depth research and analysis on virtual currency transactions, the development and implementation of a new cryptocurrency exchange rate verification mechanism that is similar to those existing for traditional financial processes.

The Marketing Research of the Pharmaceutical Market of Ukraine about the Prospects of Creation a New Medical Form

The aim of the work was a marketing research of the nomenclature of medicines presented on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine, which are used to treat diseases of the anorectal zone. The work used graphic, system, marketing and pharmacoeconomic analysis methods. According to medical statistics in Ukraine, there is a rapid increase in the percentage of patients with pathologies of the anorectal zone among people of working age. The reasons for this phenomenon is the lifestyle of a modern person, which leads to an unbalanced diet, a decrease in physical activity and untimely treatment of existing diseases. The great variability of the symptomatic manifestation of pathological processes in diseases of the anorectal zone requires the appointment of effective treatment with groups of drugs with different pharmacological activity. When analyzing the assortment of drugs used to treat diseases of the anorectal zone, it was found that 117 pharmaceutical preparations in various dosage forms were presented on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine; of which the proportion of suppositories is 17.09%. When analyzing the origin of the main active ingredients of suppositories, it was found that the largest share is made up of active substances of synthetic origin (60%), herbal components are present in 25% of the analyzed preparations, a combination of substances of plant and synthetic origin account for 15%. An analysis of the origin of the manufacturing company allows us to conclude that the share of medicines manufactured in Ukraine is 50%, and the range is presented to foreign manufacturers from Germany, Poland, France, Serbia and Italy. The results obtained indicate that, according to the recommendations for the use of drugs, a treatment course of 1 week is rational. An analysis of treatment regimens suggests that the use of a combination of several drugs from different pharmacological groups significantly increases the total cost and reflects a lack of compliance. The analysis of drugs used to treat diseases of the anorectal zone. The assortment of drugs was studied by the form of release, the origin of the manufacturer, the composition of the dosage form, the origin of the main components and pricing policy. It was found that there is a lack of rectal suppositories of a combined composition that could be used to treat these pathologies. Therefore, as a result of the study, it was concluded that the creation of a new drug for the safe and effective treatment of diseases of the anorectal zone is advisable and relevant. Keywords marketing analysis; pharmaceutical market of Ukraine; diseases of the anorectal zone; suppositories.

Prospects for the Existence of a Cashless Society and the Role of Cash in the Global Financial System

Modern society is determined not only with a high level of development, but also a lot of social and economic problems. In the last years more and more popular became the meaning, that a lot of these problems could be solved with the canceling of cash. Experts and usual people are thinking that a new society will be more fair and transparent with less of criminal, drugs, economic fraud, unmotivated preference for individual categories, where everybody is paying less of tax and where is a high level of wealth protection. But in the real situation seems not so optimistic. In Life privacy. Canceling of cash mean total control against all financial operations of each person, their interests and tastes by banks and government. Besides that, using most mobile payment systems need geolocation – as result everybody will be all the time trecked in all senses of this word. In psychological sphere using electronic money will increase money spendings because using cash is combined with the feeling of pain, when people are spending them and e-money are for most of people something not so important, especially for young people (like money in PC game). In social shpere the cashless society will make problems for disabled people, people with mental problems and also can influence dementia by older people. Criminal. even if we will live in the cashless society with the modern trends, the level of financial fraud will reduce maximal on 15%, and P. Schmidt considered, that all the criminals will find another way for their activity. Besides that e-money and society are stimulating the growth of cybercrime and it is always growing and the companies, who had lost against cybercrime had spent more money for investigation of that cases, then they have lost. Unemployment. First of all, the system of cash circulation is huge. A lot of people are creation, designing, proofing, printing, gathering, retailing cash and also working each day in banks, cashier’s offices, shops and so on. Also many companies are producing stuff combined with cash. From wallets to cash machines. All these brunches will not exist anymore and all the people will lose their jobs. Economy. One of the main reasons to cancel cash was that in the cashless society will be impossible to set a negative rate and with the same it will be less of economic crises. But german economists have studied and proofed that it is possible and in this situation it will be more difficult to combat the crisis and cost much more for the government and people because all existing financial instruments that the government can use to fix situation are created only for cash and are working with it. Technical. Electronic systems could be crushed. Besides of that in case of wore or other conflicts people can ruin Internet connection all over the country and inhabitants will lose everything and have no possibility even get home. In general, e-payments are part of our life and they are very comfortable nowadays. But the canceling of cash will make more problems for people and organizations. This means that this could not be the right choice in the nearest future. Keywords financial system; cash; payment systems; cybercrime; banks; sociology; taxes; offshore zones.

Forming the Concessional Mechanism of Sea Ports

The article gives recommendations on the options for transferring specific categories of rights to reposition basic port services from the government to the private sector. Being based on the analysis results, the strengths and weaknesses of the port management models were highlighted. An organizational and economic mechanism is proposed that considers the use of various calculation methods depending on the partnership model and the structure of the seaport. A strategically important element of the proposed mechanism is the implementation of a set of measures aimed at the search, coordination and efficient use of potential components in the system of innovative seaport management. Such system requires constant monitoring, the search for optimal solutions to the problem and the effective reconfiguration of elements and processes for their appropriate solution. Keywords concession, mechanism, partnership, management model, seaport.