scholarly journals Income inequality and religion globally 1970–2050

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 175-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Navarro ◽  
Vegard Skirbekk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Social Upheaval ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Age And Sex

Economic inequality is a paramount issue for the future of global affairs and interreligious relations. This study contributes to the field by providing the first ever estimates of global inequality by religion. We combine estimations and projections of religious compositions and distribution of income by age and sex across the world between 1970 and 2050. Understanding economic inequality from a religious dimension can contribute to decreasing tension, creating targeted pol-icies and reducing the risks of social upheaval and conflict. We find that in societies with higher proportions of religiously unaffiliated populations, income distribution is more equal than in religious ones. We also describe the inequality of distribution of income within religious groups and find that Christian and Jewish societies tend to be the most unequal, while inequality has risen substantially across all societies, concomitant with strong economic growth. Societies formed of Muslim, Hindu and unaffiliated populations are among the more equal ones. Muslim societies have experienced the highest rise in income inequality of all religions since 1990.

By Popular Demand: The Effect of Public Opinion on Income Inequality

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 261-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Andersen ◽  
Anthony Heath ◽  
David Weakliem
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Instrumental Variables ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Reciprocal Causation ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
The World ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distribution Of Income

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between public support for wage differentials and actual income inequality using data from the World Values Surveys. The distribution of income is more equal in nations where public opinion is more egalitarian. There is some evidence that the opinions of people with higher incomes are more influential than those of people with low incomes. Although the estimated relationship is stronger in democracies, it is present even under non-democratic governments, and the hypothesis that effects are equal cannot be rejected. We consider the possibility of reciprocal causation by means of an instrumental variables analysis, which yields no evidence that income distribution affects opinion.

Measuring Global Inequality

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Yates
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Monthly Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Structures ◽  
The U.S

It is by now well known that significant and growing economic inequality is a central feature of the U.S. economy, as previous articles in Monthly Review have shown. However, the same is also the case for much of the rest of the world. Inequality arises in other countries for reasons similar to those in the United States, but each nation has its own history, along with widely divergent economic and political structures. Here we will look first at the most recent data on global inequality, and then at its causes and consequences.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.

scholarly journals Can Reducing Income Inequality Decouple Economic Growth from CO2 Emissions?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237802311877271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Alexander McGee ◽  
Patrick Trent Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
National Income ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socioeconomic Drivers ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distribution Of Income

In the past two decades, income inequality has steadily increased in most developed nations. During this same period, the growth rate of CO2 emissions has declined in many developed nations, cumulating to a recent period of decoupling between economic growth and CO2 emissions. The aim of the present study is to advance research on socioeconomic drivers of CO2 emissions by assessing how the distribution of income affects the relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions. The authors find that from 1985 to 2011, rising income inequality leads to a tighter coupling between economic growth and CO2 emissions in developed nations. Additionally, the authors find that increases in the top 20 percent of income earners’ share of national income have resulted in a larger association between economic growth and CO2 emissions, while increases in the bottom 20 percent of income earners’ share of national income reduced the association between economic growth and CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF TRADE FLOW LIBERALIZATION: CASE OF ASEAN, NAFTA & MERCOSUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Hasan Mahmutović ◽  
◽  
Alem Merdić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Trade Flow ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Uneven Distribution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Of Income

An important factor and the inescapable link of the globalization process are economic integrations, which by the liberalization of trade flows contributes significantly to the interconnection of countries, thus directly affecting the enhancement of the value of macroeconomic parameters at the level of the formed integration. The aim of this paper is to examine the effects of economic integration on the example of ASEAN, NAFTA and MERCOSUR integration, which, along with the European Union, represent the most relevant integrations in the world. The analysis showed, as a consequence of the integration, increased volume of trade exchange, increased FDI level and achieved real economic growth on the level of integration. However, the analysis has shown, in particular in the ASEAN area, that there is still a problem of uneven distribution of income and fairer implementation of regional policy, in order to integrate growth generated into the development of less developed areas.

scholarly journals Income Inequality and Tax Tools to Reduce it in the South-East Asian Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1(50)) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Anna P. Muranova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Inequality Of Opportunity ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Inequality Problem ◽  
The World

Since the end of the twentieth century. In most countries of the world, there is an increase in economic inequality in its various forms - income inequality, wealth inequality and inequality of opportunity. This article examines aspects of the inequality problem in Southeast Asia, such as income inequality at the intercountry and intracountry levels and the fiscal instruments used by governments to reduce inequality.

scholarly journals What is Really Happening with Global Inequality?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur S. Alderson ◽  
Roshan K. Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
World Income ◽  
Core Issues

We use the latest available data from the World Income Inequality Database 3.4 and the Penn World Tables 9.0 to examine some of the core issues and concerns that have animated research on global inequality. We begin by reviewing the evidence on trends in within-country inequality, drawing out some of the implications of this for our thinking about inequality and economic development. We examine between-country inequality, computing updated estimates of trends in both unweighted and population-weighted between-country inequality. The data reveal that inequality between countries increased across the latter half of the twentieth century, then turned to decline measurably thereafter. We show that this decline is robust to a range of methodological and measurement decisions identified as important in previous research. We then examine estimates of true global inequality, situating these in relation to lower- and upper-bound estimates of global inequality. We conclude by noting the critical and contested role of globalization in inequality reduction.

Why China Needs to Urgently Address its Rising Income Inequality

2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
John WONG
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Equal Access ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

Recently, China published its Gini coefficients for the past 10 years, which all exceeded the warning level of 0.4. China's inequality level is among the highest 10% of countries in the world. In fact, the sources of China's income inequality stemmed from the sources of China's economic growth. Long-term remedy requires fundamental structural changes like removing institutional biases against equality and providing a more equal access to educational and income-earning opportunities.

scholarly journals Some Reflections on the Social Welfare Bases of the Measurement of Global Income Inequality

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Brandolini ◽  
Francesca Carta
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Inequality Measures ◽  
General Family ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
European Statistics ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThis paper examines the social welfare bases of the measurement of income inequality among the inhabitants of the world. We develop a general family of global inequality indices which encompasses different concepts of global equity, from the cosmopolitan to the nationalist view. The analysis also provides an interpretation of the EU-wide inequality measures adopted in European statistics.

scholarly journals The Elephant Curve of Global Inequality and Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Facundo Alvaredo ◽  
Lucas Chancel ◽  
Thomas Piketty ◽  
Emmanuel Saez ◽  
Gabriel Zucman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
China And India ◽  
The World ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Distribution Of Income

We present new evidence on global inequality and growth since 1980 using the World and Wealth Income Database. We plot the curve of cumulated growth from 1980 to 2016 by percentile of the global distribution of income per adult. This curve has an elephant shape due to high growth rates at the median (fast growth in China and India), modest growth rates above the median, and explosive growth rates at the top. We project the evolution of global inequality between now and 2050 combining projected macro growth rates and within country inequality evolution based on past trends.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Income Inequality and Economic Growth Relationship: Evidence from Pakistan’s Data

2016 ◽  
Vol I (I) ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
Saleem Khan ◽  
Salman Azad Khan ◽  
Muhammad Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Coefficient Estimates ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable ◽  
Simple Regression Analysis ◽  
Adf Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Simple Regression

This research gives a brief overview of Pakistan’s economic growth and income inequality, and empirically assesses the relationship between these two variables of the country over the period of 1990 – 2015. In the empirical part, our study employs the augmented ADF test and simple regression analysis. ADF test results depict that both variables of the model are stationary at the level and exhibit no unit root at the level. Further, in regression results, the coefficient estimates are significant and reveal an inverted U linkage between economic growth of the country and distribution of income. The income level of the country alone explains a significant part of the income inequality. Instead, the lagged dependent variable coefficient is significant and partly explains variation in inequality.

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