scholarly journals Heavy Winter Precipitation Events with Extratropical Cyclone Diagnosed by GPM Products and Trajectory Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morihiro SAWADA ◽  
Kenichi UENO
Keyword(s):  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Extratropical Cyclone ◽  
Precipitation Events

scholarly journals Heavy winter precipitation events with extratropical cyclone diagnosed by GPM products and trajectory analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Ueno ◽  
Morihiro Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Extratropical Cyclone ◽  
Japan Meteorological Agency ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Cyclone Center ◽  
Precipitation System ◽  
Stratiform Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Events

<p>In Japan, Extratropical cyclone sometimes causes sporadic heavy snow in the coastal cites or heavy rains on snow covers in mountainous areas. Ando and Ueno (2015) identified that heavy precipitation events tend to occur with occluding cyclones. However, three-dimensional structure of precipitation system embedded in the cyclone system are difficult to capture by surface observation network over Japanese archipelago that are composed of complex coastal lines and mountains. This study identified heavy precipitation events during the cold seasons of 2014-2019 by two-day accumulated precipitation data at 137 stations of the Japan Meteorological Agency. The mechanisms for producing heavy precipitation in relation to the structure of an occluding extratropical cyclone were analyzed with the aid of the products of the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar onboard the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) core satellite and trajectory analysis on European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts atmospheric reanalysis data. Upper-ranked events with heavy precipitation were mostly due to extratropical cyclones, and many of them were in mature stages. In the top 50 ranked events, three south-coast cyclones were nominated, and relationships between the development of the mesoscale precipitation system and airstreams were intensively diagnosed. Hourly precipitation changes at stations that recorded heavy precipitation were primary affected by a combination of the warm conveyor belt (WCB), the cold conveyor belt (CCB) and the dry intrusion (DI). Wide-ranging stratiform precipitation in the east of cyclone center was composed of low-level WCB over the CCB and the upper WCB, and convective clouds around the cyclone center was associated with the upper DI over the WCB that provided an extreme precipitation rate at the surface, including formation of a band-shaped precipitation system. The convective cloud activities also contributed to moist air advection over the stationary stratiform precipitation areas recognized as the upper WCB. DPR products also identified deep stratiform precipitation in the cloud-head area behind the cyclone center with mid-level (near-surface) latent heat release (absorption) with increased potential vorticity along the CCB that was made feed-back intensification of the cyclone possible. (This study will be published in GPM special issue of JMSJ)　</p>

Stable isotopic (δ2H, δ18O) monograms of winter precipitation events and hydro-climatic dynamics in Central Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 105744
Author(s):  
D.M. Rivera-Rivera ◽  
S. Chidambaram ◽  
Kesari Tirumalesh ◽  
D.C. Escobedo-Urias ◽  
S.B. Sujitha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Precipitation Events

scholarly journals Analysis of Diurnal Patterns in Winter Precipitation across the Conterminous United States

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouraseni Sen Roy ◽  
Robert C. Balling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Harmonic Wave ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Observation Bias ◽  
Precipitation Events ◽  
Variance Explained

Abstract Hourly winter (November–March) precipitation data were assembled for nearly 5000 stations in the conterminous United States over the period 1948–98. Despite a potential observation bias in the 24th hour, a general tendency for winter precipitation events was found to occur more frequently near sunrise than for any other time of the day. Based on the standardized amplitude of the first harmonic wave, the pattern is most pronounced in Texas and in an area surrounding Colorado and Wyoming. The pattern also appears significant in the southeastern United States and in northern California based on the variance explained by the first harmonic fit. It is suggested that the diurnal patterns seen in the conterminous United States are related to increased relative humidity values occurring near sunrise and increased wind speeds in the warm sector of cyclonic storms.

scholarly journals Winter Orographic Precipitation Ratios in the Sierra Nevada—Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations and Hydrologic Consequences

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1102-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dettinger ◽  
Kelly Redmond ◽  
Daniel Cayan
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Orographic Precipitation ◽  
Simple Experiment ◽  
Westerly Direction ◽  
Winter Flood ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract The extent to which winter precipitation is orographically enhanced within the Sierra Nevada of California varies from storm to storm, and season to season, from occasions when precipitation rates at low and high altitudes are almost the same to instances when precipitation rates at middle elevations (considered here) can be as much as 30 times more than at the base of the range. Analyses of large-scale conditions associated with orographic precipitation variations during storms and seasons from 1954 to 1999 show that strongly orographic storms most commonly have winds that transport water vapor across the range from a more nearly westerly direction than during less orographic storms and than during the largest overall storms, and generally the strongly orographic storms are less convectively stable. Strongly orographic conditions often follow heavy precipitation events because both of these wind conditions are present in midlatitude cyclones that form the cores of many Sierra Nevada storms. Storms during La Niña winters tend to yield larger orographic ratios (ORs) than do those during El Niños. A simple experiment with a model of streamflows from a river basin draining the central Sierra Nevada indicates that, for a fixed overall basin-precipitation amount, a decrease in OR contributes to larger winter flood peaks and smaller springtime flows, and thus to an overall hastening of the runoff season.

scholarly journals The relationship between landslide activity and weather: examples from Hungary

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Unconsolidated Sediments ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Landscape Type ◽  
Landslide Processes ◽  
Landscape Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract. The paper presents the impact of irregular rainfall events triggering landslides in the regional context of landslides in Hungary. The author’s experience, gathered from decades of observations, confirms that landslide processes are strongly correlate with precipitation events in all three landscape types (hill regions of unconsolidated sediments; high bluffs along river banks and lake shores; mountains of Tertiary stratovolcanoes). Case studies for each landscape type underline that new landslides are triggered and old ones are reactivated by extreme winter precipitation events. This assertion is valid mainly for shallow and translational slides. Wet autumns favour landsliding, while the triggering influence of intense summer rainfalls is of a subordinate nature. A recent increasing problem lies in the fact that on previously unstable slopes, stabilised during longer dry intervals, an intensive cultivation starts, thus increasing the damage caused by movements during relatively infrequent wet winters.

scholarly journals Meteorological Causes of the Secular Variations in Observed Extreme Precipitation Events for the Conterminous United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1131-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Kunkel ◽  
David R. Easterling ◽  
David A. R. Kristovich ◽  
Byron Gleason ◽  
Leslie Stoecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Mesoscale Convective System ◽  
Extratropical Cyclone ◽  
North American Monsoon ◽  
Convective System ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Secular Variations ◽  
Mesoscale Convective ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract Daily extreme precipitation events, exceeding a threshold for a 1-in-5-yr occurrence, were identified from a network of 935 Cooperative Observer stations for the period of 1908–2009. Each event was assigned a meteorological cause, categorized as extratropical cyclone near a front (FRT), extratropical cyclone near center of low (ETC), tropical cyclone (TC), mesoscale convective system (MCS), air mass (isolated) convection (AMC), North American monsoon (NAM), and upslope flow (USF). The percentage of events ascribed to each cause were 54% for FRT, 24% for ETC, 13% for TC, 5% for MCS, 3% for NAM, 1% for AMC, and 0.1% for USF. On a national scale, there are upward trends in events associated with fronts and tropical cyclones, but no trends for other meteorological causes. On a regional scale, statistically significant upward trends in the frontal category are found in five of the nine regions. For ETCs, there are statistically significant upward trends in the Northeast and east north central. For the NAM category, the trend in the West is upward. The central region has seen an upward trend in events caused by TCs.

Monitoring Playa Lake Inundation in the Western United States: Modern Analogues to Late-Holocene Lake Level Change

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis A. Scuderi ◽  
Christine K. Laudadio ◽  
Peter J. Fawcett
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Hydrologic Systems ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Precipitation Events ◽  
Lake Basins

Closed basin playas are among the most sensitive hydrologic systems globally and are excellent indicators of current and past climatic variability. This variability can significantly impact hydrologic regimes and biotic communities, and is often expressed in lake-bed deposits and shoreline features. We analyzed two playa basins in western North America that lie to either side of the current divide between monsoon and westerly precipitation regimes. Using a 23-year sequence of Landsat images at a 16-day time step, we determined the playa inundation response to varying precipitation inputs. Our results show that a strongly contrasting lake-inundation response occurs in lake basins separated by only 200 km. The Animas/Lordsburg Basin shows a marked lake-area increase in response to winter precipitation events, while the more southerly Palomas Basin shows a stronger response to monsoonal and El Niño-type events. This sensitivity to different input sources over short distances may explain some of the apparent asynchronous behavior of playa response found in lake records. Comprehensive regional-scale inundation records could be used to understand the dynamics of playa inundation events and how these events are linked to atmospheric circulation, and possibly to understand the observed asynchronous behavior of lake basins during the late Pleistocene and Holocene.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document