Taste receptors are our mediators in shaping the taste preferences of a child

The article presents modern data on the main molecular and genetic determinants of shaping the taste preferences. The authors present the structure and mechanism of the functioning of sweet taste receptors, umami taste, acidic and bitter tastes, as well as other molecules and cellular structures influencing the perception of flavors – the gust protein, toll-like receptors. They described the role of structures ensuring perception of taste outside the oral cavity – the cells of the hypothalamus. The article underlines the importance of the genetic polymorphism of these structures and the importance of interaction of genetic factors and environmental factors in shaping the taste preferences and eating behavior of the infant. Particular attention is given to the practical significance of the presented data in the context of introduction of supplemental foods for infants.

Download Full-text

Sweet Taste Receptor Signaling Network: Possible Implication for Cognitive Functioning

Neurology Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/606479 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Menizibeya O. Welcome ◽

Nikos E. Mastorakis ◽

Vladimir A. Pereverzev

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Transmembrane Protein ◽

Taste Receptor ◽

Sweet Taste ◽

The Body ◽

Taste Receptors ◽

Receptor Signaling ◽

Sweet Taste Receptor ◽

Sweet Taste Receptors

Sweet taste receptors are transmembrane protein network specialized in the transmission of information from special “sweet” molecules into the intracellular domain. These receptors can sense the taste of a range of molecules and transmit the information downstream to several acceptors, modulate cell specific functions and metabolism, and mediate cell-to-cell coupling through paracrine mechanism. Recent reports indicate that sweet taste receptors are widely distributed in the body and serves specific function relative to their localization. Due to their pleiotropic signaling properties and multisubstrate ligand affinity, sweet taste receptors are able to cooperatively bind multiple substances and mediate signaling by other receptors. Based on increasing evidence about the role of these receptors in the initiation and control of absorption and metabolism, and the pivotal role of metabolic (glucose) regulation in the central nervous system functioning, we propose a possible implication of sweet taste receptor signaling in modulating cognitive functioning.

Download Full-text

The Role of Bitter and Sweet Taste Receptors in Upper Airway Immunity

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports ◽

10.1007/s11882-015-0571-8 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Alan D. Workman ◽

James N. Palmer ◽

Nithin D. Adappa ◽

Noam A. Cohen

Keyword(s):

Upper Airway ◽

Sweet Taste ◽

Taste Receptors ◽

Sweet Taste Receptors

Download Full-text

EXTRAORAL SWEET TASTE RECEPTORS IN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Medical academic journal ◽

10.17816/maj18127-33 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 27-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V N Mineev ◽

P V Brukhanova ◽

D E Koksharova

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Antimicrobial Peptides ◽

Respiratory System ◽

Clinical Medicine ◽

Sweet Taste ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Taste Receptors ◽

Sweet Taste Receptors

The possible pathogenetic role of extraoral sweet taste receptors Tas1R in respiratory system is considered. In many respects, the function of extraoral receptors for sweet taste still remains unclear. The mechanism of intracellular signal transduction at sweet taste reception is considered, as well as the molecular mechanism of interaction of Tas2R and Tas1R receptors, expressed on the same cell. Tas1R receptors in respiratory system can function as a “rheostat” to control the amount of secretion of antimicrobial peptides that is mediated by extraoral bitter taste receptors Tas2R, depending on the concentration of glucose on the surface of the airways. In diabetes mellitus, the liquid on the luminal surface of respiratory tract contains an increased concentration of glucose, which leads to overexpression of TAS1R2 / TAS1R3, inhibition of Tas2R signaling activity and to decrease in secretion of antimicrobial peptides. Clinically, the effect on glucose homeostasis in the lumen of the respiratory tract with comorbid respiratory pathology, including diabetes mellitus, is considered. A possible sequence of pathogenetic mechanisms in respiratory system, associated with extraoral sweet taste receptors is presented as a vicious circle. Research into the problem of role of the ectopic chemosensory network in clinical medicine will bring new knowledge on the predisposition to diseases, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of their development, and will serve as a scientific basis for developing new medicinal approaches.

Download Full-text

Investigating the role of sweet taste receptors in age-related neurodegeneration

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/conf.fnagi.2016.03.00026 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Etienne Harmonie ◽

Azmi Abdelkrim ◽

Janssens Jonathan ◽

Wang Rui ◽

Daimon Caitlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Taste ◽

Taste Receptors ◽

Age Related ◽

Sweet Taste Receptors

Download Full-text

Alcohol Activates a Sucrose-Responsive Gustatory Neural Pathway

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00097.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 536-544 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Christian H. Lemon ◽

Susan M. Brasser ◽

David V. Smith

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Concentration ◽

Positive Association ◽

Sweet Taste ◽

Neural Mechanisms ◽

Neural Representation ◽

Taste Receptors ◽

Sweet Taste Receptors ◽

Strong Positive Association ◽

Evoked Activity

A strong positive association exists between the ingestion of alcohol and sweet-tasting solutions. The neural mechanisms underlying this relationship are unknown, although recent data suggest that gustatory substrates are involved. Here, we examined the role of sweet taste receptors and central neural circuits for sugar taste in the gustatory processing of ethanol. Taste responses to ethanol (3, 5, 10, 15, 25, and 40% vol/vol) and stimuli of different taste qualities (e.g., sucrose, NaCl, HCl, and quinine-HCl) were recorded from neurons of the nucleus of the solitary tract in anesthetized rats prior to and after oral application of the sweet receptor blocker gurmarin. The magnitude of ethanol-evoked activity was compared between sucrose-responsive ( n = 21) and sucrose-unresponsive ( n = 20) neurons and the central neural representation of ethanol taste was explored using multivariate analysis. Ethanol produced robust concentration-dependent responses in sucrose-responsive neurons that were dramatically larger than those in sucrose-unresponsive cells. Gurmarin selectively and similarly inhibited ethanol and sucrose responses, leaving NaCl, HCl, and quinine responses unaltered. Across-neuron patterns of response to ethanol were most similar to those evoked by sucrose, becoming increasingly more so as the ethanol concentration was raised. Results implicate taste receptors for sucrose as candidate receptors for ethanol and reveal that alcohol and sugar taste are represented similarly by gustatory activity in the CNS. These findings have important implications for the sensory and reward properties of alcohol.

Download Full-text

The role of bitter and sweet taste receptors in upper airway innate immunity: Recent advances and future directions

World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.wjorl.2018.07.003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 200-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ivy W. Maina ◽

Alan D. Workman ◽

Noam A. Cohen

Keyword(s):

Innate Immunity ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Sweet Taste ◽

Taste Receptors ◽

Future Directions ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Sweet Taste Receptors

Download Full-text

Taste sensations: history of study, evolutionary feasibility and strategies for forming correct taste preferences in children

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2020-10-65-73 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 65-73

Author(s):

I. N. Zakharova ◽

Yu. A. Dmitrieva ◽

E. B. Machneva ◽

A. N. Tsutsaeva

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Human Health ◽

Taste Receptor ◽

Sweet Taste ◽

Food Selectivity ◽

Taste Preferences ◽

Taste Receptors ◽

Sweet Taste Receptor ◽

Sweet Taste Receptors ◽

History Of

Taste preferences influence not only the formation of human health, but also many areas of his life. That is why the problem of understanding the nature and regularities of taste formation has been a concern for scientists since ancient times and remains relevant nowadays. The article presents generalized data on the history of studying taste from the times of Ancient Greece to our time. Notions about the system of taste sensations in works of Aristotle, Galen, Avicenna, Vesaliy, other medieval scientists and researchers of New time are described. The authors also present an overview of current studies on the evolutionary appropriateness of taste sensations using the expression of sweet taste receptors in animals with different diets. It has been shown that obligate carnivorous animals have lost the function of sweet taste receptors, and in hummingbirds eating sweet floral nectar, on the contrary, another sweet taste receptor has acquired the function of a sweet taste receptor to detect sugars. The authors pay special attention to the available ways of forming correct taste preferences and overcoming eating disorders in infants, which is important from the point of view of the child’s future health. In particular, strategies for repeated taste effects of new foods as well as multisensory interactions with food, including sound, visual, olfactory, tactile and tasting effects are presented. It is particularly important to develop correct taste habits in children with eating disorders such as neophobia and food selectivity. Understanding the multifactorial nature of taste preferences and their impact on human health allows finding new strategies to «teach» taste from early childhood.

Download Full-text